memory 1: mutli store model and model of WORKING MEMORY

Question 1

identify the 5 different kinds of remembering?

Answer 1

1: episodic memory - events that have happened in everyday life (declarative memory)
2: semantic memory = general world knowledge/facts (declarative memory)
3: procedural memory - skills (non-declarative / knowing how to ride a bike ect)
4: sensory (eg: echoic, iconic memory)
5: short term memory

Question 2

Atkinson &Shriffrin (1968) =

Answer 2

multi-store model (check slides)

Question 3

if you give sensory memory attention it goes to…

Answer 3

short term memory

Question 4

if you don’t give sensory memory attention it …

Answer 4

decays

Question 5

if you give STM memory attention it goes to

Answer 5

long term memory, however if you don’t, it gets displaced or decays

Question 6

evidence for sensory store comes from?

Answer 6

iconic memory sperling (1960)

Question 7

according to the multi-store model of memory components….sensory stores

Answer 7

are modality specific

Question 8

iconic memory is

Answer 8

visual

Question 9

decay occurs for iconic memory..

Answer 9

0.5 to 0.6 seconds

Question 10

echoic memory?

Answer 10

auditory

Question 11

decay for echoic memory?

Answer 11

2 to 4 seconds

Question 12

identify a way of testing short term memory?

Answer 12

digit span…. of approximately 4 chunks (cowan, 2000) or 7 _+ 2 items ( miller, 1956)

Question 13

identify how information can be lost?

Answer 13

through displacement

Question 14

identify evidence for short and long term stores?

Answer 14

capacity
serial position effect - first presented items have had longer to be remembered, recency items are still in short term store
mechanisms of forgetting
effects of brain damage

Question 15

with reference to capacity, short term store has?

Answer 15

limited storage capacity

Question 16

with reference to capacity, long term store has?

Answer 16

very large storage capacity

Question 17

according to milner 1966, explain patient HM?

Answer 17

surgical removal of tissue from temporal lobes and hippo , able to recall early events prior to injury but unable to make new memories (anterograde amnesia), normal digit span (normal STS, impaired LTS)

Question 18

according to shallice and warrington (1970), explain patient KF….

Answer 18

damage to left parietal-occipital region, able to learn new information, LTS INTACT AND ABLE TO MAKE NEW, poor performance on STM tasks (digit span 2-3 digits) , normal primacy effect, reduced recency effect ( no evidence anything was stored in his STM, just 1 item) < SHOWS THE REVERESED DISSOCIATION, IMPAIRED STS, NORMAL LTS

Question 19

identify the evaluation of the Multi-store approach…

Answer 19

evidence for different memory stores: duration, capacity, forgetting mechanisms and effects of brain damage

Question 20

true or false, STS is not simply the gateway to LTS, if STS is damaged you can still access LTS….

Answer 20

TRUE

Question 21

LTM is needed to access meaning of information rehearsed in STS

Answer 21

true

Question 22

role of rehersal not clear?

Answer 22

true

Question 23

the role of interference and decay in forgetting from STS are de-emphasised?

Answer 23

true