Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

JZ exam > Memorize words > Flashcards

Memorize words Flashcards

1
Q

Scofflaw

A

Noun: Refers to someone who flouts / openly disregards the LAW (rebels)

e.g., Humans weren’t always such scofflaws (Scientific American issue that discussed how humans diverge from natural order)

Hint: someone who scoffs at the law

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Reverberate

A

Verb: be REPEATED several times (often used in the context of sound); CONTINUE TO BE HEARD
Synonyms: Echo

e.g., These evolutionary shifts reverberate today

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Flout

A

Verb: Openly disregard a rule, law, convention etc.

e.g., These companies still flout basic ethical practices

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Husbandry

A

Noun: refers to the care, cultivation, and breeding of crops and animals
Synonym: Farming

e.g., Farming is a process that has been shaped to our will over generations of careful husbandry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Abase

A

Verb: To LOWER in rank, status, or esteem; degrade or humble
–> abased, abase, abasing

HELPFUL HINT: “base” = ground = lowering to the ground

e.g., He abased himself to the king

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Abeyance

A

Noun: temporary suspension or hold

e.g., Matters were held in abeyance until further notice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Abjure

A

Verb: Renounce, relinquish, forgo (especially formally or under oath)

e.g., This description annoys some players who abjure alcohol during the competition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Abridge

A

Verb: Reduce or lessen. curtail or shorten

e.g., the introduction is abridged from the author’s afterword to the novel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Abscission

A

Noun: (in the context of plants or animals) the natural detachment or cutting off of parts of a plant (typically dead leaves and ripe fruit)

e.g., Leaf abscission in trees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Abscond

A

Verb: to leave hurriedly and secretly (typically to avoid arrest or an unlawful action)

e.g., She absconded with the remaining thousand dollars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Psychosis

A

N: refers to conditions that affect the mind, particularly when people lose contact with reality (people suffering from DELUSIONS or HALLUCINATIONS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Precipitously

Precipitate/ed

A

Precipitously –> Adj: very QUICKLY / steeply (like rain)

Precipitate/ed –> Verb: cause something to happen very SUDDENLY / Unexpectedly = bring about or bring on

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Accede

A

Verb: To agree or give consent

e.g., I accede to your rule

Similar to concede (concession; admit; surrender; yield; give up)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Acerbic

A

Adj: (Taste) Sour; (especially in manner of speaking) harsh, severe, sharp, forthright

e.g., His acerbic wit

> Similar meaning to “acidulous”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Acidulous

A

Adj: (Taste) sour; (especially in manner of speaking) cutting, sharp, bitter

e.g., The acidulous remark brought immediate laughter from the crowd

> Similar meaning to “acerbic”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Acme

A

N: The point at which someone or something is best, perfect, or most successful; the highest point, peak

e.g., physics is the acme of scientific knowledge

Ack-me

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Adulterate

A

Verb: To make something impure or poorer in quality by adding inferior ingredients; tainted, contaminated

e.g., the meat was ground fine and adulterated with potato flour

Similar starting to adultery (looked down upon)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Adumbrate

A

Verb: to give a rough outline of; to foreshadow vaguely; to reveal only partially

e.g., the walls were not more than adumbrated by the meager light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Sentient

A

Adj: being able to FEEL / PERCEIVE things

e.g., humans and non-human animals are sentient beings. Computers have yet to prove sentience

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Ignominious

A

Ig-nom-in-ious

Adj: disgraceful or humiliating

e.g., Chances are your smartphone will end its days in a more ignominious manner

Ig- prefix means “not”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Aerie

A

N: Dwelling or fortress built on a HIGH PLACE; usually refers to a BIRD’S NEST built on a mountain or cliff

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Affable

A

Adj: Approachable, friendly, pleasant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Affectation

A

N: Behavior, Speech, or writing that is ARTIFICIAL/FAKE and adopted in order to IMPRESS
> pretentiousness
> façade, APPEARANCE

e.g., All the affectation OF INTEREST she had assumed had left her kindly and tear-worn face and it now expressed only anxiety and fear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Aggrandize

A

V: To increase larger (power, wealth, status) or enhance reputation of (beyond what’s justified by facts)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Alacrity

A

N: Cheerful / speedy willingness

e.g., she accepted the invitation with alacrity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Ameliorate

A

V: to improve, make better or make something more bearable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Anachronism

A

N: refers to something that is chronologically out of place
> picture of Abraham Lincoln holding a radio

e.g., In today’s computer world, a floppy disk is an anachronism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Analgesia

A

N: refers to the inability to feel pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Annul

A

V: to make void or null, cancel, abolish

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Anodyne

A

N: refers to pain killers

Or

Adj: Soothing, relieving pain, inoffensive, neutral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Preponderance

A

N: the abundance of something (in greater number or importance)

e.g., the preponderance OF women among older people
e.g., the preponderance OF data indicates that Earth is round

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Unseemly

A

Adj: Inappropriate and improper

e.g.., Many critics argue that private equity investors make an unseemly amount of money

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Soporific

A

Adj: tending to induce DROWSINESS or SLEEP

e.g., soporific effect

N: a drug that induces sleep
e.g., sedative, sleeping pill

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Divan

A

N: A long low sofa without a back or arms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Plume

A

N: an arrangement of feathers
OR
N: water plumes = a localized column of vapor, hot magma etc. that resembles a feather as it spreads from its point of origin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Inoculate

A

V: to immunize against something

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Writ large

A

Phrase or write: Clear and obvious; something written largely or magnified
> used AFTER noun

e.g., There seemed to be a great relief writ large as the locals tried to stock up on essentials.
e.g., Bauman describes DeafSpace as this sense of agency, writ large

“Writ” is an archaic form of “written”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Allay

A

V: to alleviate, put to rest, diminish, calm down, discount

e.g., allay fears

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Apt **

A

Adj1: Appropriate (NOT skillful = adept)

e.g., “an apt description of her nature”

Adj2: inclined, tendency

e.g., “she was apt to confuse the past with the present”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Coax / coaxing

A

Coax = Verb = to gently persuade
Coaxing = Noun = persistent gentle persuasion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Eschew

A

V: To deliberately abstain from or avoid using; forgo; renounce

e.g., that I wanted to eschew academic study for another kind, one less regimented and more communal, wouldn’t be much a surprise I hope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Contention

A

N: Main area of disagreement / dispute
N: Argument, claim, view, case

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Throng

A

N: crowd (of people or animals)

e.g., he pushed his way through the throng

Eg. The peaceful city was far removed, too, from the streets of Paris and Berlin, where throngs of police stand at the ready in anticipation of Islamist attacks.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Well-heeled

A

Adj: Wealthy, affluent (well-equipped with money)

> originally came from cockfighting –> roosters were well-heeled if they have sharp claws

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Stalwart

A

Adj: Staunch, devoted, loyal

(STALL)

e.g., He remained a stalwart supporter of the cause

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Vapid

A

Adj: not challenging; uninteresting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Gird

A

V: to prepare oneself
> girding, girded

e.g., Her colleagues know to gird themselves whenever she talks.

Related somewhat to girdle (confine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Fundamental

A

MANY MEANINGS (Adj)

(1) basic (fundamental understanding)
(2) central importance / essential (e.g., fundamental skills)
(3) Radical (e.g., fundamental change)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Primacy

A

NOUN: something that has PRIMARY or FIRST IMPORTANCE (condition of always having first place)

e.g., when deciding who to bring on a trip, the quality of being chill and fun might take PRIMACY over the number of years you’ve been friends

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Circumvent

A

V: to evade, bypass, get around something

> “circle” –> kind of like a roundabout

Vs circumscribe (to restrict)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Agrarian

A

Adj: relating to FARMING / cultivation of land

e.g., agrarian economy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Nothwisthanding

A

Preposition: In spite of / even though –> contrast marker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

Pretext

A

Noun: an excuse

e.g., “As Rosenblatt notes, criticism of Black writing has often served as a pretext for expounding on Black history”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

Presuppose

A

Verb:
(1) assumes / presumes
(2) entails / involves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

From without

A

Archaic saying for “from the outside”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

Vagary / vagaries

A

N: Quirks of something, inexplicable characteristic of something (vague, not able to be easily explained)

Used as “vagaries of __noun_”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

Chauvinism

A

N:
(1) Sexism / bias / prejudice
(2) Excessive patriotism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

Granted

A

Adverb: Admittedly

OR Conjunction (“granted THAT”): even assuming that

E.g., (second definition)
Granted that the presence of these elements need not argue for an authorial awareness of novelistic construction comparable to that of Henry James, their presence does encourage attempts to unify the novel’s heterogeneous parts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

Preclude

A

Verb: PREVENT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

Recalcitrant

A

Adj: Uncooperative (attitude, usually toward authority) / disobedient

Negative connotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

Tenement

A

N: refers to a style of housing structure that’s not an apartment building (common in UK, NY)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

Ethos

A

N: the GUIDING BELIEFS or ideals that characterize a community, nation, or ideology

e.g., ethos of institutional change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

Solidarity

A

N: Unity; coming together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

Thematic

A

Adj: relating to THEMES / IDEAS / TOPICS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

READ this sentence and interpret its meaning: “Yet those who stress the achievement of a general consensus among the colonists cannot fully understand that consensus without understanding the conflicts that had to be overcome or repressed in order to reach it”

A

“cannot fully understand THAT CONSENSUS” refers to “general consensus”

Saying that those who stress the achievement of general consensus won’t be able to fully understand this general consensus if they aren’t able to understand the conflicts that were overcome to reach the consensus

NOT “cannot fully understand that consensus involving no understanding of conflicts….” wrong interpretation of the modifier!!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

Sit in judgement

A

Idiom: X sits in judgement of/on/over y
> X judges Y on moral topics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

Ecclesiastical

A

Adj: Ecclesiastical = relating to the Christian Church

Related word Ecclesiastic (N) = priest, member of clergy (people with religious duties)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

Tyranny

A

N: cruel, oppressive RULE or USE OF POWER (in reference often to governments) in an arbitrary way (just because one has power)

Synonyms: Dictatorship

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

Uninspired

A

Adj: Lacking creativity and originality; unimaginative; unoriginal; mundane; not inspiring because of it lacking creativity

e.g., uninspired poetry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

Priceless

A

Adj: so valuable that its worth cannot be determined
or adj: comical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

Sanctity / sacralization
Sacrilege

A

Sanctity / sacralization = the state or quality of being holy, sacred, or saintly (good thing)

Sacrilege = desecration = profanity = violation or misuse of what is regarded as sacred. (bad thing)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

Congenial

A

Adj: pleasant (usually because of personality, qualities, or interests that are similar to one’s own)

> recall: Congeniality (friendly concern, interest, and support : the quality or state of being congenial)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

Scrupulous

A

Adj: Immense detail; careful; thorough

e.g., scrupulous attention to detail

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

Posterity

A

N: future generations

For posterity = for future generations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

Slight

A

N: Insult / remark
Adj: small / petite / slim

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

Ironic / Irony

A

Incongruity between the ACTUAL result and the NORMAL/EXPECTED result

e.g., ironic modesty = not expecting it to be modest based on the facts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

Unerring

A

Adj: accurate / no mistakes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

Predate vs antedate vs Precede

A

Same meaning = COME BEFORE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

Approbation

A

N: Praise, approval

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
80
Q

** Epochal

A

Adj: Momentous, history making, highly important or significant

Used to describe times or events that are VERY IMPORTANT because they involve new developments and great change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
81
Q

Impinge

A

Verb: have an effect or impact, especially a negative one

e.g., These latter activities have their own history, of course, which may impinge in unexpected ways on public events.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
82
Q

Dogma

A

N: Teaching, belief

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
83
Q

Hoary

A

Adj: banal, vapid, plain, old, trite

e.g., there’s a hoary American notion that bigger is better

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
84
Q

Abolitionism

A

N: refers to the movement that ended slavery / liberated slaves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
85
Q

Antithesis

A

N: Reverse / Inverse / Opposite
e.g., love is the antithesis of selfishness

N: Contrast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
86
Q

Apportion

A

V: to divide / to allocate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
87
Q

**Beset

A

V: plague, AFFLICT (pain), torment

e.g., “the social problems that beset the inner city”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
88
Q

Contravention

A

N: infringement / violation / breach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
89
Q

Discernible / discerned / discerning / Discernment

A

Discernible - Adj: visible, perceivable
Discern/ed - V: perceive
Discerning - Adj: possessing good judgement / eye (e.g., discerning customers)
Discernment - N: ability to judge well

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
90
Q

Disconcerting / disconcert

A

Disconcerting - Adj: unsettling, unnerving, disturbing (not a good feeling)

Disconcert - verb: unsettle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
91
Q

Discursive

A

Adj: tendency to digress (in a cursive way) / wandering / diffuse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
92
Q

Dismal

A

pronounced diz-mal

Adj: depressing, dreary
e.g., dismal weather

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
93
Q

**Noncommittal

A

Adj: (1) giving no clear indication of attitude or feeling; (2) lacking certainty or decisiveness
> guarded; not revealing a COMMITTED response or stance or perspective
> equivocal (uncertain)

Author’s tone - noncommittal –> no concrete opinion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
94
Q

Unequivocal

A

Adj: without a doubt; unambiguous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
95
Q

Tenuous

A

Adj: Very weak (almost not existent) / delicate / fragile

e.g., tenuous relationship

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
96
Q

Dissemination

A

N: act of spreading information broadly / distribution / circulation

e.g., the dissemination of public information

v: disseminate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
97
Q

Dissension

A

Related to dissent = disagreement

Dissension N: disagreement that leads to discord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
98
Q

Enfranchisement

A

N: giving a group of people the right to vote

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
99
Q

Epistemology

A

N: The theory of KNOWLEDGE (branch of philosophy concerned with knowledge; Epistemology is the investigation of what distinguishes justified belief from opinion.)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
100
Q

Fortuitous

A

adj: by chance (fortune); unexpected
adj: lucky

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
101
Q

Hard-nosed

A

Adj: Tough and realistic / practical (vs basing decisions on emotional grounds)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
102
Q

Inveterate

A

ADJ: having a particular habit, activity, or interest that is long-established and unlikely to change; entrenched; ingrained; deep-rooted; habitual; chronic

e.g., an inveterate gambler

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
103
Q

Discount

A

V: disregard / view as UNIMPORTANT / Pay no attention to

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
104
Q

Intergalactic space

A

Space BETWEEN GALAXIES

Therefore, Universe = Galaxies + Intergalactic space
> Our galaxy is called the Milky Way and houses the solar system
> Milky Way is one of many galaxies

Intergalactic rainfall INTO galaxies helps expand them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
105
Q

Perfunctory

A

Adj; carried out with a minimum of effort or reflection; cursory; RAPIDLY

e.g., he gave a perfunctory nod

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
106
Q

Indulgent

A

Adj: having or indicating a tendency to be OVERLY GENEROUS to or LENIENT with someone.

e.g., indulgent parents

vs Self-indulgent = pleasure seeking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
107
Q

Affront

A

N: an insult

e.g., he took his son’s desertion as a personal affront

NOT excuse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
108
Q

Chaste

A

Adj: remaining a virgin; non sexual (to signify someone or some act as pure)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
109
Q

Idyllic

A

Adj: Extremely happy or peaceful setting or time; perfect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
110
Q

Literary merits

A

Whether or not a literary work has VALUE (very specific definition, not all passages about novels or poems will discuss the work’s literary merits)

e.g., concluding that a novel is a “masterpiece” = yes, literary merit

e.g., concluding that a novel is associated “revolutionary ideas” = not necessarily about literary merit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
111
Q

Innuendo

A

N: Hint, suggestion

Similar to “insinuation” (N); “insinuate” (V)

Also similar to “overtone” (connotation) e.g., political overtones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
112
Q

Inordinately

A

Adv: Excessively; to an extremely LARGE degree

e.g., “the information was inordinately vetted and censored”

Vs ordinarily (usually)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
113
Q

Insofar

A

Phrase: to the EXTENT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
114
Q

Perceptive vs perceptual vs perceptible

A

Adj Perceptive - Having or showing an unusually good ability to notice and understand

Adj Perceptual - ability to notice something (aware) or come to an opinion about something (interpret) using your SENSES

Adj Perceptible - Noticeable

ALL RELATED TO “perceive”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
115
Q

Pedagogical

A

Adj: relating to TEACHING

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
116
Q

Pedantic

A

Adj: over-scrupulous; precise (obsessed with minor details)

N: Pedant (someone who is overly obsessed with the minor details)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
117
Q

Repute

A

N: short form of reputation; name

OR

V: reported; said to
e.g., the CEO is reputed to earn $7m

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
118
Q

Pictorial

A

Adj: with pictures / visuals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
119
Q

Provision

A

N: the SUPPLY OF (providing)
e.g., new contracts for the provision of services

N: supplies themselves (facilities, services)
e.g., low levels of social provision

N: (in law) a clause in a contract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
120
Q

Purposive

A

Adj: something having or done with PURPOSE

e.g., teaching is a purposive activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
121
Q

Radical

A

Adj: forward thinking (relating to politics or social change); unconventional; fundamental; progressive (favors change); revolutionary; liberal
e.g., radical ideas

Adj: THOROUGH; far reaching
e.g., a radical overhaul of the existing regulatory framework

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
122
Q

Servitude

A

N: slavery (subject to someone else)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
123
Q

Conjecture
Conjectural

A

N: speculation; conclusion based on INCOMPLETE info
Adj: speculative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
124
Q

Ways in which

A

Can substitute “ways” or “how”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
125
Q

Prominence

A

N: Fame, celebrity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
126
Q

Structural

A

Adj: Systemic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
127
Q

Suffrage

A

N: right to vote

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
128
Q

Recount

A

N or v: to tell an account of an event or experience

e.g., one woman’s recount of a prolonged battle with cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
129
Q

Transcription

A

N: the process of COPYING SOMETHING (usually to produce a WRITTEN or PRINTED representation of something)
> transcribe - v

In biology: Transcription is the process of COPYING a segment of DNA into RNA.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
130
Q

Unavailing / no avail

A

Unavailing (Adj): ineffective; achieving little to nothing

Avail (N): use or benefit
Avail (V): help or benefit (e.g., availed him)

No Avail: no use or benefit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
131
Q

Unconscionable

A

Adj: unethical; unreasonably excessive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
132
Q

Specter

A

N: ghost

Different from spectate (to watch)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
133
Q

Strait

A

N: narrow passage of water connecting two seas or two other large areas of water

Adj: very narrow

ALSO Use the word straits when you’re talking about a TRULY DIFFICULT SITUATION

e.g., When you don’t have enough money to pay your rent, you’re in pretty bad FINANCIAL STRAITS.

> These figurative straits are inspired by geographical straits, or water passages, that are TOO NARROW TO BE SAILED THROUGH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
134
Q

Unremitting

A

Adj: Relentless; never stopping; constant

Remit (v) - Cancel / revoke (in reference to punishment)
Remit (v) - finances - send money , dispatch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
135
Q

Abate

A

V: to lessen (to become less widespread)

e.g., the storm suddenly abated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
136
Q

Vain

A

Adj1: useless, produce no results
e.g., a vain attempt to tidy up the room

Ad2j: narcissistic; think excessively high of oneself
e.g., their flattery made him vain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
137
Q

Bereft

A

Adj: LACKING of, deprived of
e.g., her room was stark and bereft of color

Adj2: lonely (because lacking of something)
e.g., his death in 1990 left her bereft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
138
Q

Confer on
Conferred by

A

V: GRANT; bestow

e.g., An honorary degree was conferred ON him by Stanford University in 2009
e.g., women who turned out at the party’s rallies…
> gathered information that enabled them to mold party-loyal families
> reminded men of moral values that transcended party loyalty
> Conferred moral standing on the party

v2: discuss, consult (confer WITH)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
139
Q

Stature

A

N1: height

N2: reputation, status, standing
e.g., an architect of international stature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
140
Q

Subsistence vs sustenance

A

Sub-sis-tence (N) - support or maintenance of oneself AT THE BARE MINIMUM
e.g., the minimum income needed for subsistence
> verb: Subsist (to stay alive especially with little food or money; to exist)

Sub-ste-nance (N) - nourishment, food // support, maintenance of someone’s life
e.g., “he kept two or three cows for the sustenance of his family”

Sustenance refers to the food and drink that a person needs to survive, while subsistence refers to the means by which a person obtains their sustenance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
141
Q

Acquit

A

V: officially declare the innocence of someone after they’ve been charged

e.g., the jury voted to acquit the movie star of all charges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
142
Q

Antebellum

A

“Before the war”

e.g., Most historians have underestimated the extent and significance of women’s
political allegiance in the antebellum period

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
143
Q

Anterior

A

Adj: near the FRONT (not outside –> exterior)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
144
Q

Antithetical

A

Anti-thetical

Adj: Directly OPPOSED or contrasted; mutually incompatible, antithesis

e.g., people whose religious beliefs are antithetical to mine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
145
Q

Ape

A

V: to IMITATE

e.g., new architecture can respect the old without aping its style

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
146
Q

Arable

A

Adj: (refers to land) used or suitable for growing CROPS

e.g., arable land

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
147
Q

Ardent

A

Adj: PASSIONATE, enthusiastic

e.g., an ardent baseball fan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
148
Q

Arid

A

Adj: refers to a region with LITTLE OR NO rain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
149
Q

Barb

A

N: a deliberately hurtful remark / insult

(think about BARB WIRE)

e.g., E The accusation that she did not trust him was a barb that hurt more than he wanted to admit.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
150
Q

Blight

A

N: a disease / a thing that SPOILS/DAMAGES something

e.g., the vacant properties are a blight on the neighborhood

V: have a severely detrimental effect on / to ruin / to spoil / to INFECT

e.g., a peach tree blighted by leaf curl
e.g., his career has been blighted by injuries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
151
Q

Bucolic

A

Bew-colic

Adj: pleasant aspects of COUNTRYSIDE and COUNTRYLIFE
> rustic, pastoral

e.g., Dirt roads may evoke the bucolic simplicity of another century

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
152
Q

Bust

A

V: burst / break / shatter

e.g., they bust the tunnel wide open
e.g., boom or bust

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
153
Q

Censure

A

V: to express SEVERE DISAPPROVAL OF something or someone (usually done so in a formal statement)

e.g., the board censured the use of pollutants in the community to preserve the environment

N: expression of formal disapproval

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
154
Q

Denouement

A

Day-new-mont

N: the final stage of (a film, movie, narrative)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
155
Q

Flotsam

A

N: wreckage (of debris usually washed up on shore from a ship)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
156
Q

Percolate

A

(chemistry process)

V1: to pass through a permeable FILTER (usually in reference to a liquid or gas)

V2: to BREW (in a percolator)

e.g., For instance, red dwarf stars tend to emit strong flares and stellar winds that could strip planets of their atmospheres, thwarting the environmental conditions and availability of precursors that life-creating chemistries need to percolate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
157
Q

** Facetious

A

Fa-see-tious

Adj: Inappropriately humorous (treating serious issues jokingly); not serious attitude

e.g., a facetious remark

Similar to flippant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
158
Q

Clandestine

A

Adj: secretive, concealed (often for illicit reasons), surreptitious

e.g., clandestine meetings / surreptitious affair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
159
Q

Commensurate

A

Com-men-sur-ate

Adj: proportional (in size or degree)

e.g., commensurate returns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
160
Q

Commercial

A

Adj: relating to the BUYING and SELLING of products and services

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
161
Q

Concomitant

A

Concom-itant

Adj: naturally accompanying or associated
> accompanying / associated / related

e.g., she loved travel, with all its concomitant worries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
162
Q

Construe/ed

A

V: to make sense of; to assign a MEANING to
> interpret, understand, take to mean

e.g., his words could hardly be construed as an apology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
163
Q

Consummate

A

Adj; perfect, exemplary, complete; showing a high degree of skill and flair

e.g., she dressed with consummate elegance

Also a v for sexual intercourse performed after marriage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
164
Q

Feat

A

N: Achievement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
165
Q

Cop (as a verb)

A

V: catch, arrest

e.g., he was copped for speeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
166
Q

Crestfallen

A

Adj: sad, disappointed

e.g., he came back empty-handed and crestfallen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
167
Q

Crest

A

N: TOP of a mountain or hill

V: to reach the TOP of something (hill or wave)

Opposite of TROUGH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
168
Q

Denude

A

V: to strip something of its covering, possessions or assets; to make bare

e.g., the acid air has been known to denude forests

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
169
Q

Denigrate/ed

A

V: to criticize unfairly, disparage (regard something as being of LITTLE WORTH), BELITTLE, deprecate

e.g., there is a tendency to denigrate the poor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
170
Q

Auspice(s)

A

N1: kind patronage and support (under the auspices of)

N2: a prophetic sign

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
171
Q

Diametrically

A

Adj: Completely, utterly

e.g., we hold diametrically opposed views

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
172
Q

Din

A

N: loud, unpleasant and prolonged noise
(cacophony)
e.g., “the fans made an awful din”

V1: make (someone) learn or remember something by constant repetition.
e.g., “the doctrine that has been dinned into all our heads”

V2: make a loud, unpleasant, and prolonged noise.
e.g., “the sound dinning in my ears was the telephone ringing”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
173
Q

Dope

A

N: refers to a DRUG taken ILLEGALLY for recreational purposes

V2: to administer drugs in order to enhance / inhibit sporting performance

V2: smear or cover with varnish or other thick liquid.
e.g., “she doped the surface with photographic emulsion”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
174
Q

Ductile

A

Adj: pliable, supple, flexible (opposite of brittle)
> able to be deformed without losing toughness;

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
175
Q

Egalitarian

A

Adj: relating to or believing in the principle that all people are EQUAL and deserve equal rights and opportunities.

e.g., From their point of view it will lead to internal rearrangements toward a more
egalitarian society in the United States.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
176
Q

Primordial

A

Adj1: Existing at the BEGINNING OF TIME
e.g., primordial oceans

Adj2: early, basic stage; PRIMITIVE; primal
e.g., the primordial needs of the masses

177
Q

Unassuming

A

Adj: MODEST, HUMBLE, not pretentious or arrogant

e.g., “he was an unassuming and kindly man”

> people who don’t like to assume / draw conclusions openly (don’t try to appear important)

178
Q

Demure

A

Adj: reserved, MODEST, shy (typically used of a woman)

e.g., a demure young lady

179
Q

Pretentious

A

Adj: showy, trying to impress others by appearing to possess qualities than is actually possessed
> ostentatious (trying to impress or attract notice) // Ostentation (N) = showiness
> Conspicuous (standing out, showy)

180
Q

Imposing

A

Adj: grand, impressive in appearance

e.g., imposing mountain peaks

181
Q

Undulating

A

Adj: having a smooth rising and falling shape or outline

e.g., “the undulating country lanes of Northern Ireland”

V: Undulate - move with a smooth up-and-down motion
e.g., waves undulate, fish undulate

182
Q

Chalk up

A

V1: attribute, ascribe, credit something
e.g., he chalked up his earlier optimism to the exuberance of someone who has like 3% share, that maybe will have 3.5% share

V2: achieve, attain
e.g., “Warner has chalked up an impressive 38 years at the firm”

183
Q

Decry

A

V: publicly denounce
e.g., he was decrying the tight relationship the search king has with Appe

184
Q

Gall

A

N1: Bold, impudent behaviour, disrespectful “guts” to do something

e.g., “the bank had the gall to demand a fee”

185
Q

Impertinence

A

N: rudeness, lack of respect
> insolence

e.g., “they gasped at the impertinence of the suggestion”

Adj: Impertinent / impudent

186
Q

Vestige

A

N: remnant, trace of something that is disappearing or no longer exists

e.g., the last vestiges of colonialism

187
Q

Tantalize / tantalizing

A

V: taunt someone with their desires that they cannot have

Adj: tormenting or teasing with the sight or promise of something unobtainable / won’t satisfy that desire; exciting one’s senses or desires
> honey trap, allure

e.g., “a tantalizing glimpse of the career he might have had”
e.g., “the tantalizing fragrance of fried bacon”

188
Q

Incipient

A

Adj: initial stage of something; developing; impending; emerging

e.g., he could feel incipient anger building up

189
Q

Encroachment

A

N: Intrusion on a person’s territory/rights

190
Q

Ensconce

A

V: To establish or SETTLE someone in a comfortable, safe, or secret place

e.g., “Agnes ensconced herself in their bedroom”

191
Q

Credence

A

N: acceptance of something as true
> often used as “little credence”

e.g., “psychoanalysis finds little credence among laymen”

192
Q

Accord

A

V: GIVE or grant someone (power, status, or recognition).

e.g., “the powers accorded to the head of state”
e.g., Little credence, for example, is now ACCORDED the idea that England’s late nineteenth-century economic decline resulted from absentee business owners too distracted by the demands of elite life to manage their firms properly.
e.g., accorded a great deal of respect

V2: be harmonious or consistent with.

e.g., “his views accorded well with those of Merivale”

193
Q

Forestall

A

V: PREVENT or obstruct (an anticipated event or action) BY taking action AHEAD of time.

e.g., “vitamins may forestall many diseases of aging”
e.g., “she started to rise, but Erica forestalled her and got the telephone”

194
Q

Provocative

A

Adj: serving or tending to provoke, excite, or stimulate (to cause a reaction)

195
Q

Recourse

A

N: a way of dealing with a difficult or unpleasant situation; solution or source of help to a difficult situation

e.g., If the company won’t pay me, the only recourse left to me is to sue them.

N2: utilizing someone or something to get out of a difficult situation
e.g., a means of solving disputes without recourse to courts of law

196
Q

Venerable

A

Adj: respectable, revered especially because of age, wisdom, or character.

e.g., the popular picture of venerable elite families overcome by debt and selling out to merchants is simply not borne out by the Stones’ findings.

197
Q

Exhort

A

V: Strongly ENCOURAGE or urge someone to do something

e.g., “Come on, you guys”, exhorted Linda
e.g., The presidential candidate exhorts his supporters to get out and vote

198
Q

Expedient

A

Adj: convenient and ADVANTAGEOUS although possibly improper or immoral
(NOT just speedy)
> expedient usually implies what is immediately advantageous without regard for ethics or consistent principles
> providing an easy and quick way to solve a problem or do something

e.g., politically expedient decision

N: a means or method of attaining something via convenient rather than fair or just

199
Q

Extant

A

ex-taent

Adj: Surviving; still in existence (especially of a document)

e.g., the original manuscript is no longer extant

200
Q

** Capricious

A

Adj: Fickle, CHANGEABLE, variable such that it is UNPREDICTABLE; SUDDEN and UNACCOUNTABLE CHANGES (of mood or behaviour); impulsive; mercurial

e.g., capricious situation
e.g., capricious boss

DIFFERENT from:
> capIious
> capACious

201
Q

Appropriate (v)

A

V: to seize something for one’s own use, typically without the owner’s permission.

e.g., An Essex man appropriated all but a fraction of the money from his wife’s cheese sales

202
Q

Fallow

A

Adj: UNSEEDED fields; undeveloped

e.g., farmers are now paid to let their land lie fallow

203
Q

Florid

A

Adj1: having an ill-looking brightly red skin tone
e.g., “a stout man with a florid face”

Adj2: elaborately or EXCESSIVELY intricate or COMPLICATED (style and wording).
> elaborate

e.g., The florid wallpaper was difficult to encounter morning after morning.

204
Q

Fraternal

A

Adj: like brothers; denoting an organization that has common interests or beliefs

205
Q

Fumigate

A

V: disinfect or purify (an area) via the FUMES or smoke of certain chemicals.

e.g., Because ethylene dibromide, a chemical used to fumigate grain, was blamed for the high rate of nerve damage suffered by people who work in grain-processing plants.

206
Q

Furnish

A

V: be a SOURCE of; provide.

e.g., “fish furnish an important source of protein”

207
Q

Garrison

A

Related to troops/military/DEFENSE

N: group of troops stationed in a fortress or town to DEFEND it (military post)

V: provide (a place) with a body of troops / place oneself
e.g., “troops are garrisoned in the various territories”

e.g., Trying to garrison Afghanistan with foreign troops would be even more expensive.

208
Q

Grueling

A

Adj: extremely tiring and demanding

e.g., a grueling schedule

209
Q

Hardy

A

Adj: strong, robust, capable of enduring difficult circumstances

e.g., These hardy mountain folk seem to thrive on the cold.

210
Q

Imbue

A

V: INSPIRE or permeate with (a feeling or quality).

e.g., He was imbued with a desire for social justice.

211
Q

Extoll

A

V: Praise enthusiastically

212
Q

Intransigent

A

Adj: unwilling to change; refusing to change; uncompromising

e.g., intransigent infections

213
Q

Confound ***

A

V: amaze, astonish, surprise, perplex
Eg you confound me

V2: mix up elements so as to make it difficult to distinguish
Eg They implored Charles not to confound the innocent with the guilty

Eg Confounding is often referred to as a “mixing of effects”1,2 wherein the effects of the exposure under study on a given outcome are mixed in with the effects of an additional factor (or set of factors) resulting in a distortion of the true relationship

214
Q

Impetus

A

N: momentum, motivation, impulse

NOT impediment (hindrance) –> opposite of impetus

215
Q

Assiduous

A

Adj: showing GREAT CARE and perseverance; diligent; careful

e.g., For lower-priced restaurants, where one expects less assiduous service…

216
Q

Abysmal

A

Adj: very BAD, deep

217
Q

Centrality

A

N1: being in the middle of somewhere or something
N2: being ESSENTIAL or of GREATEST IMPORTANCE (importance)
e.g., the centrality of economic interests to people’s actions

218
Q

Immaculate

A

Adj - perfectly tidy, spotless

219
Q

Quandary

A

N: state of perplexity; dilemma

220
Q

Placid

A

Adj: calm, not easily excited or moved, imperturbable

221
Q

Indigent

A

In-di-gent

Adj: Poor, needy

222
Q

Inundate

A

V: To overwhelm / overload
e.g., “we’ve been inundated with complaints from listeners”

V2: To flood / submerged
e.g., “the islands may be the first to be inundated as sea levels rise”

223
Q

Islamic

A

Adj: related to RELIGION that Muslims practice

224
Q

Jaw (v)

A

V: to talk especially for a long time

e.g., “he could still hear men jawing away about the vacuum cleaners”

225
Q

Laudable

A

Adj: Praiseworthy, commendable

(AppLAUD)

226
Q

Leach

A

NOT LEECH

V (refers to chemical process): (with reference to a soluble chemical or mineral) to REMOVE from a substance like soil by the action of percolating liquid, especially rainwater.
> Drain

e.g.,”the nutrient is quickly leached away”

227
Q

Legislative

A

Adj: connected to the act of making and passing LAWS

228
Q

Marginalize

A

V: treat (a person, group, or concept) as INSIGNIFICANT or peripheral.
> at the margins = at the peripheral

229
Q

Martial

A

Adj: related to WAR or MILITARY

e.g., martial law

230
Q

Missionary

A

Related to RELIGIOUS MISSION (to convert people to one’s own belief)

N: a person sent on a religious mission, especially one sent to PROMOTE Christianity in a foreign country

Adj: relating to or characteristic of a missionary or a religious mission
> “missionary work”

231
Q

Mound

A

N: a large PILE (of EARTH, stones, etc. like a small hill)

232
Q

Irrefutable

A

Adj: Impossible to refute or disprove; undeniable

233
Q

Vitriol

A

N: cruel and bitter CRITICISM

Also a type of sulphuric acid

234
Q

Noxious

A

Adj: HARMFUL, poisonous, or very unpleasant
> virulent (harmful or highly infective), pernicious

e.g., “they were overcome by the noxious fumes”
e.g., “the pernicious effects of air pollution”

235
Q

Obtrusive

A

Adj: noticeable, conspicuous, obvious

Not the same as “intrusive”

236
Q

Ornate

A

Adj: ELABORATE/complex; made in an INTRICATE shape/complicated decoration; elaborately adorned; florid

e.g., this style is a little too ornate for my taste

237
Q

Outlaw

A

N: someone who is in exile for breaking the law

V: to ban

238
Q

Outlay

A

N: amount of money spent on something; cost; expenditure

e.g., a modest outlay on local advertising

V: to expend money on something
e.g., they are outlaying a significant amount on monthly bills

Outlay = to lay out money = expend

239
Q

Mortality rate

A

N: death rate (# of deaths in a particular population)

Mortality = death
e.g., child mortality

240
Q

Read this sentence:

In short, the evidence implies that these insect populations, if not self-regulating, may at least be regulated by an agent more intimately connected with the insect than are predatory birds or parasites

A

Two potential causes based on the evidence
(1) Population is SELF-REGULATING **
(2) A more intimately connected agent with the insect than are predatory birds or parasites

241
Q

Historiography

A

Histori-ography

N: the STUDY of HOW HISTORY WAS WRITTEN, who wrote it, and factors influencing how it was written
> study of historical WRITING
> study of methods historians used to write history

e.g., historiography on women = study of historical writing on women

vs History - study of historical events

242
Q

Historiographical debate

A

Controversies, arguments, and debates AMONG HISTORIANS about what has happened in the past

> due to differences in SOURCES, importance placed on these sources, and how sources are interpreted

e.g., historiographical debate whether women gained or lost status in the nineteenth century as compared with the eighteenth century
> That the colonial golden age in the 18th century for women is likely a myth suggests that perhaps the decline in women’s status was not that dramatic

243
Q

Pen (v)

A

V: to write, to compose

e.g., One historian contends that Alfred also personally PENNED his own law code, arguing that the numerous differences between the language of the law code and Alfred’s translations of Latin texts are outweighed by the even more numerous similarities

244
Q

Aberration

A

NOUN: a deviation or an anomaly from what is normal

245
Q

Emphatic

A

Adj: showing emphasis; firm; vehement (showing passion)

Vee-eh-ment

246
Q

Impetuous

A

Different from impetus (N: momentum)

Impet-U-ous
Adj: impulsive, done quickly with little care

E.g. “her friend was headstrong and impetuous”

247
Q

Rear

A

V: to bring up, raise and care for until fully grown

E.g. child-rearing

V: to raise a horse or snake upright

248
Q

Prehistoric

A

Adj: refers to the period of time BEFORE WRITTEN RECORDS OF HISTORY
> stone age, primitive

249
Q

Co-opt

A

V: to add members to a committee or other group by invitation of the existing members
> usually done so to manage opposition and manage stability of the group

Co-option

250
Q

Errant

A

Adj: misbehaving, straying from standards or proper course

E.g. an errant child

251
Q

Outmost

A

Adj: farthest away
> “most outside”

e.g., “the outmost reaches of the empire”

252
Q

Outstrip

A

V: to move faster than someone else; to overtake someone else
> surprass, outrun, beat

e.g., “supply far outstripped demand”

253
Q

Paltry

A

Adj: small, meager

e.g., only paltry sums are available for excavating and even less is available for publishing the results and preserving the sites once excavated

254
Q

Partisan vs bipartisan

A

Partisan =
N - strong supporter of a party
Adj - biased or prejudiced in favor of a particular cause

Bipartisan = adj - involving the AGREEMENT or cooperation of two political parties that usually oppose each other’s policies.

e.g., “the reforms received considerable bipartisan approval”

255
Q

Poignant

A

Adj 1: painfully affecting the feelings (piercing); deeply affecting (touching, saddening, sad), MOVING

e.g., a poignant reminder of the passing of time

Adj 2: designed to make an impression (cutting)
e.g., poignant wit

Adj 3: Keen or pertinent in mental appeal
e.g., a poignant subject

Adj 4: a pungent smell

256
Q

Evocative

A

Adj; reminiscent, evoking memories

257
Q

Republican form of government

A

Also known as “Republic” = state in which political power rests with the PUBLIC and THEIR REPRESENTATIVES (as opposed to a monarchy)

> US is a Republic, formed after the American Revolution

AMERICAN HISTORY:
> American Revolution (late 18th century) => US was formed after gaining independence from Great Britain (founding year was 1776)

> American Civil war (mid 19th century –> 1861-1865) => a century after the American Revolution; civil war means a war between groups WITHIN THE SAME COUNTRY => fight between the North (the Union) and South (the Confederacy) states, leading to ABOLISHMENT OF SLAVERY

258
Q

Facile

A

Fac-ill

Adj: Superficial, oversimplified (due to ignoring the true complexities of an issue)

e.g., Some historians have questioned the FACILE equation of Royalist ideology with Filmerian patriarchalism —-> some historians have questioned whether Royalist ideology equates Filmerian patriarchalism

e.g., “facile generalizations”

DIFFERENT FROM FACETIOUS

259
Q

Conflate**

A

V: COMBINE two things / blending two things into a single entity
> might be done in error

e.g., “the urban crisis conflates a number of different economic and social issues”

Eg It’s important not to conflate correlation with causation.

260
Q

Purportive

A

Different from purposive = with purpose

Adj: alleged; appearing to be true

e.g., However, there is purported evidence that this approach is ineffective

261
Q

Superlative

A

Adj: excellent, of the highest degree or quality
> used in comparison to something else

e.g., a superlative piece of skill
e.g., Salon offers superlative diamonds and exceptional gemstones for designs of lasting beauty

262
Q

Prerogative

A

N: a right or privilege that is exclusive to one group or class

Eg “owning an automobile was still the prerogative of the rich

263
Q

Prescient

A

Pre-shient

Adj: prophetic, predictive, having or showing knowledge of events before they take place

Eg a prescient warning

264
Q

Indignity / Indignities

A

N: TREATMENT or circumstances that cause one to feel shame or to LOSE one’s dignity; causing shame and humility

e.g., They were subjected to various indignities and discomforts

265
Q

Vindicate vs Vindictive

A

Vindicate:
V1: To acquit; to absolve or clear someone from blame
> N version is vindication (action of clearing someone of blame or suspicion)

V2: to establish, to justify, to substantiate = show or prove to be right / reasonable / justified
e.g., Whether the patents were vindicated at a significantly lower rate than patents in later suits

Vindictive: vengeful, desire for revenue
e.g., “the criticism was both vindictive and personalized”

266
Q

Antiquity

A

N: ancient times

267
Q

Edifice

A

N1: a building especially one that is very large or imposing

N2: a complex SYSTEM or STRUCTURE of beliefs

268
Q

Rig

A

V: to equip (a sailing boat with rigs), set up, or dress

Eg to rig out
Eg rig up a temporary shelter

269
Q

Roil

A

V: to make someone annoyed or irritated or UPSET (like making a liquid murky by stirring up sediment)

Eg risk roiling world markets

270
Q

Salient

A

Adj: noticeable, IMPORTANT

Eg salient facts of the case

271
Q

Sanction

A

N: penalty for disobeying law or rule
Eg imposing trade sanctions on Russia

V: Approved

Eg only two types of drugs of this type have been sanctioned by the USFDA

272
Q

Contiguous

A

Adj: adjacent, connected

e.g., contiguous territories

273
Q

Wrest

A

V: forcibly PULL something FROM another person’s GRASP; SEIZE; snatch

e.g., For Braverman, the shape of a technological system is
subordinate to the manager’s desire to WREST control
of the labor process from the workers.

e.g. “Leila tried to wrest her arm from his hold”

“wrestle” for something

274
Q

Unawares

A

Adverb: without being aware of a situation; unexpectedly

e.g., “the photographer had caught her unawares”

275
Q

Circumscribe

A

V: restrict, keep within bounds (of a circle)

e.g., “their movements were strictly monitored and circumscribed”

276
Q

Primer on women’s status relative to men (degree of inequality) throughout history

A

> many historians sought to investigate changes to women’s status/power throughout history
studies involved both ECONOMIC and SOCIAL status
issues with these studies –> often studying EUROPEAN WOMEN –> overly represented by literate women writers, upper-class women

Medieval women:

Renaissance (15th-16th century)
> Conflicting views on the status of women
> Optimistic view - Renaissance European women stood on a footing of perfect equality with Renaissance men
> Pessimistic view - Renaissance was a period of social and economic decline

17th century
> Forerunners of modern feminists in England sided with the Royalist faction in the English Civil Wars

18th century (during colonial age / Pre-industrial and Pre-capitalist society) - European colonialism
> Conflicting views on whether 18th century pre-capitalist society was a golden age for women
> That the colonial golden age in the 18th century for women is likely a myth suggests that perhaps the decline in women’s status was not that dramatic

18th century continued –> advent of capitalism and industrialization (post-industrial age)
> evidence of decline in the status of women (curtail of women’s participation in economic activities / narrowing of scope of work), but may have been GEOGRAPHIC and OCCUPATIONAL variation

277
Q

Attribution

A

N: act of ascribing a work to a particular author or person
> attribute something TO someone
e.g., Many scholars, however, doubt the attribution of the Testament to Thorpe because, whereas the Examination is dated 1406, the Testament is dated 1460.

N: act of assigning the CAUSE of something TO a person or thing
> attribute some event TO a cause
e.g., “the electorate was disillusioned with his immediate attribution of the bombings to a separatist group”

278
Q

Plight

A

N: a dangerous, difficult or UNFORTUNATE SITUATION

Eg plight of children living in poverty

DIFFERENT from blight - a disease commonly found in plants, or something unpleasant

279
Q

Supplant

A

V: replace, supersede
> supplanted by __ = replaced by __

e.g., “another discovery could supplant the original finding”

280
Q

Ore formation / genesis

A

Process by which various types of MINERAL DEPOSITS form WITHIN Earth’s crust

Ore = a deposit IN Earth’s crust of valuable minerals and metals

e.g., copper, gold, iron

281
Q

Tenable

A

Adj: defensible, justifiable

e.g., Over time that view became less tenable, in part because of Cutler’s contributions

e.g., “such a simplistic approach is no longer tenable”

282
Q

Incarcerate

A

V: to imprison

283
Q

Specious

A

Adj: Misleading, seeming to be true but actually wrong or false (false look of truth)

e.g., “the music trade gives Golden Oldies a specious appearance of novelty”

284
Q

Spurious

A

Adj: bogus, FAKE, not genuine or authentic

e.g., “separating authentic and spurious claims”

285
Q

Stave as a verb / Stave in / Stave off

A

Stave in: V - to break something by piercing it inward

E.g., “the door was staved in”
e.g., the side of the boat was staved in by the collision

Stave off: V - AVERT / PREVENT or delay something bad or dangerous.

e.g., “a reassuring presence can stave off a panic attack”

286
Q

Sterile

A

Adj: Not able to produce children or young (infertile)
e.g., “the disease had made him sterile”

Adj2: sterilized; free from bacteria

e.g., “a sterile needle and syringes”

287
Q

Substantive

A

Adj: Genuine, actual, real

e.g., “there is no substantive evidence for the efficacy of these drugs”

Vs substantial (considerable amount)

288
Q

Supine

A

Adj1: lying face toward the ceiling / back on the ground

Adj2: weak, spineless; Failing to act or protest as a result of moral weakness or indolence.
> enervated (lack of energy / drained of energy)

e.g., “they remained supine in the face of terrible wrongdoing”

289
Q

Covert

A

Adj: not obvious; hidden; secretive

Opposite of Overt

290
Q

Overrun

A

V: invade, occupy, swarm over (in huge numbers)

e.g., “the Mediterranean has been overrun by tourists”

V2 (costs): continue beyond or above an expected or allowed time or cost / to CONTINUE BEYOND LIMIT

291
Q

Appeasement / appeasing

A

1) Allay, conciliatory, making peace by acceding to demands

2) satisfy or relieve a demand or feeling
e.g., “we give to charity because it appeases our guilt”

292
Q

Gainful

A

Adj: serving to INCREASE WEALTH or resources; providing money or other benefit.
> profitable

e.g., “he soon found gainful employment”

293
Q

Perturb

vs

Unperturbed

A

Perturb –> V: to disturb, worry, to upset

Unperturbed –> adj: untroubled, unconcerned, unmoved

294
Q

Perverse

A

Adj1: illogical, irrational
e.g., a perverse incentive

Adj2: unreasonable or unacceptable (describing a person or their actions)
e.g., “Kate’s perverse decision not to cooperate”

NOT pervAsive

295
Q

Subvert

A

V: destabilize, unsettle, underline power or authority

296
Q

Shale

A

N: brittle form of rock

297
Q

Substantiate

A

V: to support; to provide evidence for

e.g., although there is a convincing body of research to substantiate the view of these experts …

298
Q

Disdainful

A

Adj: showing a LACK OF RESPECT, scornful, contempt
> contemptuous (showing contempt or derision; scornful)
> disrespectful / belittling (not deserving of respect or is unworthy of one’s respect)

Disdain (N): contempt, the feeling that someone or something is not deserving of respect

299
Q

Contempt

A

N: feeling that a person or thing is BENEATH CONSIDERATION / worthless / deserving scorn and NOT DESERVING RESPECT

e.g., “he showed his contempt for his job by doing it very badly”

300
Q

Meander

A

V: to walk slowly and aimlessly (no direction)

V: move in a zig zag motion like the wind or river or road

301
Q

Binary stars

A

Star systems that orbit relative to each other (like Yin and Yang) AND relative to a common Center of mass

The stars can be different masses

All stars are made up of gas and dust
- hotness determines whether the stars are short lived

Stats have a useful life (burn)

From smallest SIZE to largest SIZE (not necessarily mass):
White dwarfs (very dense, aftermath of a red giant using all of its helium and collapses)
Brown dwarfs
Red dwarfs
Yellow dwarfs (incl our Sun)
White stars
Red giants

302
Q

Siphon

A

V: to steal or remove (Eg liquid using a siphon)
> to steal money for illegal purposes

Eg the bank executive siphoned money

303
Q

Invertebrate

A

N: refers to animals WITHOUT backbone or any bones

Eg worms, sponges, spiders, snails, insects lobsters and crabs

304
Q

Genome

A

Refers to the entire set of DNA instructions found inside a cell (ALL genetic material inside an organism, including genes and other elements that control the activity of those genes)

Vs a gene - one segment of DNA that tells the cell what to do

305
Q

Read sentences:

The impressionist painters expressly disavowed any interest in philosophy, yet their new approach to art had far-reaching philosophical implications. For the view of matter that the Impressionists assumed differed profoundly from the view that had previously prevailed among artists.

A

“For the view OF MATTER” –> matter = objects

Saying the Impressionists had a profoundly different view from that of prevailing artists

306
Q

Belie

A

Bel-lie

V; contradict; call into question; fail to give a true notion or impression of something; DISGUISE

e.g., his lively, alert manner belied his years

e.g., Astronomers have learned that its subtle impression on the eye belies its true nature

307
Q

No less a person than idiom

A

Used to emphasize that the person or thing you are talking about is IMPORTANT or IMPRESSIVE

308
Q

Critical / Captious / Vitriolic

A

RC tone —> negative opinion
> if passage is ARGUMENTATIVE and author is disapproving of something –> critical

VARYING DEGREES OF CRITICALITY
> Captious: critical via petty-objections or fault-finding (readiness to find TRIVIAL faults)
> Vitriolic: filled with bitter criticism or malice / personal ATTACKS
> Vitriol (N): cruel and bitter criticism.

309
Q

Panacea

A

N: a cure-all, universal solution for all difficulties or diseases

e.g., They are a panacea for urban problems.

310
Q

Reclusive

A

Adj: solitary, avoiding the company of others

Eg Conrad is reclusive

311
Q

Dismissive

A

Adj: serving to dismiss or REJECT someone or something : having or showing a disdainful attitude toward someone or something regarded as UNWORTHY of serious attention

312
Q

Critical

A

TONE QUESTIONS

(1) Author has a DISAPPROVING view of something / author is FINDING FAULT of something
> negative tone towards subject / negative OUTLOOK

or

(2) Author is engaging in DEEP ANALYSIS of the attitude of the author

Generally author’s tone will be:
> positive - OPINION
> negative - OPINION
> neutral –> generally author has no strong opinions, objective / impartial / unbiased

313
Q

Impartial

A

TONE QUESTIONS

Unbiased, nonpartisan, fair and just

314
Q

Elucidate

A

V: explain, illuminate, clarify

e.g., work such as their swill help to elucidate this matter

315
Q

Cynical

A

Adj: doubtful (pessimistic outlook)

316
Q

Sharply negative tone words

A

Vitriolic
Caustic –> sarcastic in a scathing and BITTER way; sharp
Acerbic
Bitter

^ all describe an author who expresses their dissatisfaction with something or somebody brutally?

317
Q

Patronize / patronizing

A

Treat CONDESCENDINGLY

e.g., do not patronize me!

318
Q

Dogmatic

A

Adj: someone who ASSERTS OPINIONS in an arrogant manner; someone who FOLLOWS A SET OF RULES NO MATTER WHAT; Self-assured with respect to his sentiments
> very opinionated and won’t change beliefs
> someone who strongly believes in their views / uses a fanatical tone to pass on his perspective

e.g., “Another fault among instructors is a tendency to be unyielding and dogmatic.”

319
Q

Peremptory

A

Adj: brisk, abrupt (insisting on IMMEDIATE ATTENTION or obedience), brusque (impatient)

e.g., “Just do it!” came the peremptory reply

DIFFERENT FROM Pre-empt (do something in advance)

320
Q

Euphemistic

A

Adj: understated, indirect
> author might make indirect and implicit statements to describe something negative

Like using a euphemism (N): a mild or indirect expression substituted for one considered to be too harsh or blunt
e.g., “downsizing” is a euphemism for job cuts

321
Q

Unbridled

A

Adj: uncontrolled, unconstrained

e.g., But there is mounting criticism of the large remaining gaps in access, unbridled cost inflation, the further fragmentation of service, excessive indulgence in wasteful high-technology “gadgeteering,” and a breakdown in doctor-patient relationships.

322
Q

In the main

A

Idiom: On the whole; mainly

323
Q

Veritable

A

Adj: used to EMPHASIZE something

e.g., drowned by a veritable flood of public and private moneys

324
Q

Incisive

A

Adj: analytical and clear minded

325
Q

Veracity

A

N: truthfulness

e.g., “officials expressed doubts concerning the veracity of the story”

e.g., The passage then cites economic interests as the reason given by firms when they acquire other firms but calls into question the veracity of this reasoning.

VERIfy

326
Q

Deplorable

A

Adj: disgraceful, deserving strong condemnation / disapproval

e.g., They were correct in their conviction that child labor was deplorable but short-sighted about the impact of child labor legislation on working-class families.

327
Q

Capacious

A

Adj: spacious, roomy, sizable

e.g., “she rummaged in her capacious handbag”

DIFFERENT FROM:
> CapTious
> CaprIcious

328
Q

Reticent

A

Adj: not revealing one’s thoughts or feelings readily.

329
Q

Revile

A

V: to criticize (in an abusing manner); condemn

e.g., “he was now reviled by the party that he had helped to lead”

330
Q

Contradiction

A

Inconsistency / ideas in OPPOSITION with each other

331
Q

Tactile

A

Adj: relating to the SENSE OF TOUCH

Adj: designed or perceptible by TOUCH

Eg “she had a distinct, almost tactile memory”

332
Q

Temperance

A

N: abstinence from drinking alcohol; self-restraint

333
Q

Temperate

A

Adj: behaving with temperance or self-restraint

Adj2: moderate / mild temperature

334
Q

Tranquil

A

Adj: peaceful, calm

Related to tranquilizer

335
Q

Transcend

A

V: go beyond the limits; surpass

Eg this was an issue transcending the tech space and reaching other corners of society

Eg. he doubts that he will ever transcend Shakespeare

336
Q

Bulwark

A

N: a defensive wall

337
Q

Steadfast

A

Adj: loyal, resolutely firm and unwavering

338
Q

Boisterous

A

Adj: lively, cheerful, active

339
Q

Polity

A

N: an organized society; an identifiable political entity

Eg “the period in which West Germany was a distinct polity”

340
Q

Neoliberalism

A

N: signifies the period in the late 20th century characterized by the POLITICAL REAPPEARANCE of MARKET CAPITALISM IDEAS (free market economy, deregulation, reduction in govt spending) after it fell into disfavour following WWII

341
Q

Far cry from

A

Idiom: very different from

Eg the church was a far cry from the makeshift chapels in which the Traditional Latin Mass is usually celebrated in British and North American cities

342
Q

Pretense

A

N: a claim especially one that is not supported / false

N: a false show

Eg under false pretences

Eg “his anger is masked by a pretence that all is well”

Different from:
> pretext (an excuse)
> preclude (prevent)

343
Q

Bygone

A

Adj: past, belonging in the past / earlier times

Eg bygone era

344
Q

Pastiche

A

Pa-steesh

N: an imitation

Eg Every other nation feels like a pastiche of New York or London

345
Q

Cosmopolitan

A

Adj: worldly, International, people from different countries

346
Q

Seminal

A

Adj: pioneering, original, influential, groundbreaking

e.g., “his seminal work on chaos theory”

347
Q

Prodigious

A

Adj: enormous, remarkably grand or impressive in size
Adj: unnatural or abnormal

Eg prodigious memory

348
Q

Unilateral

A

Adj: affecting only ONE side, group, party, country etc and not the other

349
Q

Unilateral

A

Adj: affecting only ONE side, group, party, country etc and not the other

350
Q

Voracious

A

Adj: greedy, wanting to devour great quantities of food

Eg the cloud of voracious mosquitoes grew nearer

351
Q

Wane

A

V: to become SMALLER / to disappear

Eg waning moon

352
Q

Wean

A

V: to accustom a baby to food other than milk

353
Q

Moniker

A

N: a name

Eg This year marks the 25th anniversary of the discovery of evidence for “dark energy”—a moniker for whatever is driving the acceleration that even then meant next to nothing yet encompassed nearly everything

354
Q

Salutary

A

Adj: beneficial, producing good effects

e.g., a salutary reminder of where we came from

Sal-u-tary

355
Q

Folly

A

N: foolishness

Eg We should rethink this miserable folly rather than once again squandering our wealth while driving a new arms race.

356
Q

Blasphemy

A

N: profanity, offense

Eg culinary blasphemy

357
Q

Exigency / exigencies

A

N: urgent need or demand

e.g., as hospital exigencies quickly came to dominate the decision-making process in the training schools, nursing educators lost control over admission standards, the quality of education, and the labor of students on the wards

358
Q

Corroborate

A

V: to CONFIRM, VALIDATE

> not quite the same meaning as “acknowledge” or “agree”

359
Q

Efficacious

A

Adj: effective

360
Q

Ground cover

A

NL low-growing, spreading plants that help to stop weeds from growing.

e.g., grass, small flowers

e.g., Another example of indirect negative consequences occurred in England when a virus introduced to control rabbits reduced the amount of open ground (because large rabbit populations reduce the ground cover), in turn reducing underground ant nests and triggering the extinction of a blue butterfly that had depended on the nests to shelter its offspring

361
Q

Paucity

A

N: rarity, scarcity

e.g., The paucity of known extinctions or disruptions resulting from indirect interactions may reflect not the infrequency of such mishaps but rather the failure to look for or to detect them: most organisms likely to be adversely affected by indirect interactions are of little or no known commercial value and the events linking a biocontrol agent with an adverse effect are often unclear.

362
Q

Hitherto

A

Previously; beforehand

e.g., Unfortunately, because this approach fails to deal with the underlying causes of inflation, wage and price controls eventually collapse, the hitherto-repressed inflation resurfaces, and in the meantime, though the policymakers succeed in avoiding a recession, a frozen structure of relative prices imposes distortions that do damage to the economy’s prospects for long-term growth.

363
Q

Theology

A

Study of the nature of God and Religious beliefsSc

364
Q

Sociology

A

Study of societies and human social behavior and relationships

365
Q

Ignoble

A

OPPOSITE OF NOBLE = dishonorable

e.g., Irony does not need an exceptional central figure: as a rule, the more ignoble the hero the sharper the irony, when irony alone is the objective.
> A tragic hero is usually extraordinary, but an ironic hero may be cowardly or even villainous (ironic hero is IRONIC = should be a hero but possesses qualities that are surprising)

366
Q

Paradoxical

A

Related to CONTRADICTIONS
> except, definition is more closely tied to SELF-contradictory

367
Q

Cataclysmic

A

Disastrous or violent (often describing a natural event)

e.g., “a cataclysmic earthquake”

368
Q

Ephemeral

A

Adj: lasting for only a SHORT PERIOD OF TIME

e.g., these changes were ephemeral and temporary

369
Q

Incidental

A

Adj: secondary (as opposed to primary)
> accompanying but not a major part of something.

e.g., (E) They provide incidental information rather than significant insights into a way of life.

370
Q

Expound / Expounding

A

V: present, explain

e.g., he was expounding a powerful argument

371
Q

Syncopated

A

Adj: a rhythm characterized by DISPLACED BEATS or ACCENTS (moving an accented note away from the beat = being off beat)

372
Q

Edification

A

Different from Edifice (structure or system of beliefs)

N: education, teaching, pedagogy (learning and improvement of the mind and understanding)

e.g., I tend to watch TV for pleasure rather than edification

373
Q

Espouse/Espoused

A

V: support/adopt/embrace

e.g., arguing that the views espoused by one political group were more radical than those espoused by another group

374
Q

Intemperate

A

Adj: opposite of temperate = lack of control

e.g., intemperate excesses

374
Q

Constructive

A

Adj: useful, helpful, productive

e.g., constructive criticism, inhibiting constructive change

375
Q

Infinitesimal

A

Adj: extremely small

376
Q

Stupefying

A

Adj: Astonishing

e.g., New surveys are collecting stupefying amounts of information

377
Q

Vicissitude

A

N: a CHANGE in circumstances or fortune, typically one that is unwelcome or unpleasant

e.g., he writes about the vicissitudes of his own life

378
Q

Piety

A

N: the quality of being RELIGIOUS or REVERENT/RESPECTFUL

379
Q

Solicitous

A

Adj: caring, concerned, attentive

e.g., “she was always solicitous about the welfare of her students”

380
Q

Menagerie

A

N: a COLLECTION of wild animals kept in captivity for exhibition

381
Q

Gilded

A

Adj: wealthy and privileged

382
Q

Torrent

A

N: a sudden outburst (of something, typically words or feelings)

e.g.,rain poured down in torrents
e.g., she was subjected to a torrent of abuse

Different from Torrid (adj: hot, sultry)

383
Q

Periodical

A

Peri-aw-dical

Adj: occurring at regular intervals
N: magazine that has new releases regularly

384
Q

Elude

A

V: to evade or escape

e.g., the truth eludes you

385
Q

Predilection

A

N: liking

e.g., He has a predilection for sweet desserts

386
Q

Agronomist

A

N: agriculturist, an expert in the science of agriculture (crop production and soil mgmt)

387
Q

Viscosity / Viscous

A

N: refers to the degree of RESISTANCE to flow (thickness)

High viscosity = high resistance to flow

e.g., honey has higher viscosity than water

Adj: having a thick, sticky consistency between solid and liquid; having a high viscosity; STICKY

e.g., “viscous lava”

388
Q

Stupor

A

N: a state of near UNCONSCIOUSNESS

e.g., a drunken stupor

389
Q

Anatomical/Anatomy

A

Related to the BODY and its structures

390
Q

Tout

A

V: attempt to SELL something, typically by pestering people in an aggressive or bold manner; to PRAISE publicly, especially in a persistent or annoying way

(Different from FLOUT = openly disregard rules)

e.g., He’s busy touting his client’s latest book around London’s literary agents

e.g., she’s being touted as the next leader of the party

391
Q

Qualms

A

N: doubts, reservations, misgivings

e.g., I have no qualms about recommending this approach

392
Q

Payload

A

N: the load/object/entity carried by a vehicle; sometimes refers to carrying capacity

393
Q

Ensues

A

V: happen / follow / result / develop AFTERWARD

e.g., “the difficulties that ensued from their commitment to Cuba”

394
Q

Heretical

A

Adj: holding an opinion at odds with what is generally accepted; unorthodox; dissident

e.g., A fairly heretical idea in the 1970’s, the cooling-flow theory gained support when Fabian observed a cluster of galaxies in the constellation Perseus and found the central galaxy, NGC 1275, to be a strange-looking object with irregular, thin strands of gas radiating from it.

395
Q

Effluence

A

N: a substance that flows out from something

Outpour

396
Q

Repose

A

N: a state of REST / RELAXATION / SLEEP

e.g., in repose her face looked relaxed

397
Q

God-fearing

A

Adj: devout (de-vowt), earnestly religious

398
Q

Reverence

A

N: deep RESPECT for someone or something

399
Q

Triflers

A

N: someone who behaves lightly or NOT SERIOUSLY
> loafer

400
Q

Labile

A

Lay-bile

Adj: liable to change; easily altered

401
Q

Transcendental

A

Adj: things that lie beyond the practical experience of ordinary people, and cannot be discovered or understood by ordinary reasoning; abstract / high level / out of this world / surpassing all others / superior

e.g., Another approach, both balanced and sensible, would argue for a more transcendental view of social experience and of art.

402
Q

Exasperated

A

Adj: intensely irritated or frustrated; indignant

403
Q

Leaven

A

N: in baking, refers to a SUBSTANCE (typically yeast) that is used in dough to MAKE IT RISE

V: in baking, refers a leavening agent that causes dough or bread to RISE
e.g., it only takes a little bit of yeast to leaven the bread

V: a PERSUASIVE INFLUENCE that MODIFIES/TRANSFORMS something for the better

404
Q

Elicit

A

V: to evoke or draw out a response from someone

e.g., I could elicit no response from him

405
Q

Imperil vs peril

A

Imperil (V) = to PUT in danger or at risk
e.g., She knew she had to drive back or risk imperiling those animals.

In peril = in DANGER
e.g., She feared the worst for the mother, she was either dead or in peril somewhere

406
Q

Mete

A

meet

V: dispense punishment or harsh treatment

e.g., punishments meted out to soldiers who violated army regulations

407
Q

Disparage / disparaging

A

Dis-pear-ege
Dis-pear-a-ging

V: BELITTLE, denigrate, deprecate, downgrade

Adj: expressing the opinion that something is of little worth

408
Q

Unsullied

A

Adj: not spoiled, not made impure

e.g., an unsullied reputation

409
Q

Run amok

A

amuck

Phrase: behave UNCONTROLLABLY and DISRUPTIVELY

e.g., the kids are running amok around the house

410
Q

Manically

A

Adv: in a very EXCITED or ANXIOUS way

Man-ic-ly

411
Q

Burnish

A

V: to polish

e.g., one such invention, currently being tested for its ability to burnish verbal memory and to speed stroke recovery, involves a smartwatch that collects movement and data on heart rate

412
Q

What is the word to describe light illuminating behind an object?

A

Backlit (V)

413
Q

Singed

A

Scorched

414
Q

Candor

A

N: honest in expression, openness, frankness

e.g., a man of refreshing candor; WITH surprising candor

415
Q

Tutelage

A

N: instruction, guardian

Eg under the tutelage of someone

416
Q

Omnipotent

A

Om-ni-poutent

417
Q

Rife

A

Adj: widespread

e.g., “male chauvinism was rife in medicine in those days”

418
Q

Dressed to the nines

A

Idiom: dressed very smartly or elegantly

419
Q

Wryly

A

Adv: dry yet mockingly

e.g., “he reflects wryly on his life and work”

420
Q

Relent/relented

A

V: to give in / concede / ease up / abate

e.g., “she was going to refuse his request, but relented”

421
Q

Insufferable

A

Adj1: Arrogant or cocky

e.g., an insufferable know-it-all

Adj2: unbearable, intolerable

e.g., “the heat would be insufferable by July”

422
Q

Crucible

A

N: refers to a challenging situation that lead to the creation of something new

e.g., FORGED in the crucible of war; FORGED in that crucible of uncertainty

423
Q

Imbibe

A

V: to drink (usually alcohol); quaff; guzzle

e.g., they were imbibing far too many pitchers of beer

424
Q

Unsuspecting

A

Adj: not aware of the presence of danger; unwary

425
Q

Siphon

A

V: to steal/transfer over a period of time (especially illegally or unfairly)

e.g., he’s been siphoning money off the firm

426
Q

Armageddon

A

N (in the New Testament of the Christian Bible) - refers to the last battle between good and evil

Also refers to a vast DECISIVE CONFLICT or confrontation

427
Q

Pundits

A

N: expert

e.g., pundits believe …

428
Q

Capitulate (v); Capitulation

A

V: to surrender or give in

N: the action of surrendering or ceasing to resist an opponent or demand
> in Finance: when investors sell a slumping security en masse

429
Q

Adulation

A

Ad-u-lation

N: obsequious (attentive/fawning/obedient) flattery; excessive flattery or praise

e.g., he found it difficult to cope with the adulation of the fans

430
Q

Maverick

A

N: an unorthodox or independent-minded person

431
Q

Trying

A

Adj: stressful, taxing, frustrating, testing, demanding

e.g., it had been a very trying day

432
Q

Upend

A

Up-end

V: to turn something on its end or upside down

433
Q

Repentant vs Unrepentant

A

Repentant (adj) - showing regret and remorse
Repent (V) - to feel regret or remorse about one’s wrongdoing or sin

Unrepentant (Adj) - showing no regret for one’s wrongdoings

434
Q

Bigamy

A

N: the act of entering into a marriage when legally married to another person
> illegal in Canada

435
Q

Morsel

A

N1: nibble, mouthful, bite (used in the context of FOOD)
e.g., Jules ate a morsel of her meal in front of her

N2: a small piece or amount
e.g., reporters do their best to ferret out every morsel of information

436
Q

Buffet

A

V: Strike repeatedly and violently; batter, afflict or harm someone repeatedly over a long period of time

e.g., they were buffeted by a major recession

437
Q

Martyr

A

N: a person who displays or exaggerates their discomfort or distress in order to obtain sympathy or admiration

e.g., she wanted to play the martyr

438
Q

Unbecoming

A

Adj: not flattering, unseemly, inappropriate, unsuitable

JZ exam (33 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions