membrane transport Flashcards
the body is in a state of chemical
disequilibrium
phagocytosis only occurs in
certain white blood cells
type of passive transport
all diffusions and osmosis
the main routes for water movement into and out of the cell
water channels/aquaphors
ion channels when open allow ions to pass between ____ and ____
ECF and ICF
the body is always in osmotic equilibrium T/F
true
diffusion is more complicated in an open system compared to a cell membrane T/F
False
ECF contains
interstial fluid and blood plasma
how does secondary active transport work
uses energy in the concentration gradient of one molecule to push molecules against their concentration gradient
glucose transport into various types of cells can be accomplished via ___ or ____
Facilitated diffusion (glut) or secondary active transport (glucose form intestinal or kidney lumen)
diffusion directly across the phospholipid bilayer of the membrane is
simple diffusion
movement of the cytoskeleton and intracellular transport of the vesicles require
energy
ficks law says that diffusion rate ___ with an ____ in a surface are, concentration gradient, or membrane permeability
increases, increase
what happens when you have an area of high concentration or solid solute into a body of water and the molecules are allowed to naturally diffuse
equilibrium
to import large molecules cells use
phagocytosis and endocytosis
diffusion rate per surface area of the membrane is called
flux
total volume of water in the human body is ____ of body weight
60%
net movement of molecules occurs until concentration is
equal
how do large solutes like monosaccharides get across the membrane
by carriers
molecules still at equilibrium by one molecules exits and one enters is called
dynamic equilibrium
difference between carriers and channels
channels are open on one side and channels are continuous
what do swing gates determine
if the channel is open or closed
movement of substances across membranes can be classified by the ___ or by the ____ through a membrane protein
energy requirements and physical pathways
a carrier that moves more than one kind of molecules at one time
cotransporter
pressure that must be applied to oppose osmosis
osmotic pressure
most cells produce cell-surface receptors that specifically bind and internalize LDL by
receptor- mediated endocyotosis
materials leave the cell by
exocytosis
because water can move freely across cells and ECF, the ECF and ICF are in a state of
osmotic equilibrium
