Autonomic Nervous sytem Flashcards
efferent division of the peripheral nervous system is subdivided into
somatic and autonomic
autonomic nervous system is divided into
sympathetic and parasympathetic
rest and digest is what nervous system
parasympathetic
fight and flight is what nervous system
sympathetic
functions of the parasympathetic division
conserve and restore energy reserves during the time of rest
SLUDD responses
salivation, lacrimation, urination, digestion, and defecation
3 decreases and 1 increase of parasympathetic reactions
decreased HR
decreased diameter of airways
decreased diameter of pull
dilation of erectile tissue
ganglion
cluster of nerve cell bodies that lie outside the CNS. equivalent in CNS is nucleus
where do sympathetic pathways originate
lumbar regions and spinal cord
where is the sympathetic ganglia found
in two chains that run along both sides of vertebral column
have short preganglionic fibers and long postganglionic fibers
sympathetic pathways
activation of what type of cholinergic receptor will result in faster cell response to acetylcholine
nicotinic cholinergic receptor
parasympathetic pathways originate where
mainly brain stem, can in sacral region of spinal cord and control pelvic organs
where are parasympathetic ganglia located
either on or near their target organs
what receptor is the only one with more epinephrine
B2
direct activation of which receptor will result in the opening on an ion channel
nicotinic cholinergic receptor
which ligand can activate both iontropic and metabotropic receptors
acetylcholine
muscarinic cholinergic receptors are
G-protein-coupled receptors
nicotinic cholinergic receptor are
Ach- gated channels
in somatic neuron the pathways between CNS and effector cell is ___ and it releases what
monosynaptic, ACh to bind to nicotinic receptors
where does the adrenal medulla develop from
same embryonic tissue as sympathetic neurons
a modified postganglionic sympathetic neuron that receives a synaptic contact form preganglionic sympathetic neuron and releases ACh
Chromaffin cell
physiological responses that occur as a direct result of muscarinic cholinergic receptor stimulation
bronchoconstriction, secretion of gastric acid, decreased heart rate, constriction of the pupil
what nervous system controls pupillary constriction due to bright light
parasympathetic
what nervous system controls pupillary dilation due to dim light
sympathetic nervous system
when the ciliary muscle is relaxed the lens is ___ for ___ vision
flat, far
when the ciliary muscle contracts the lens is more _____ for ____ vision
convex, near
which drug can be used to dilate the pupil
muscarinic cholinergic antagonist
parasympathetic does what for the eye
constricts pupil, contracted ciliary muscles
sympathetic does what for the eye
dilates the pupil and relaxes the ciliary muscle
varicosities are
sites of synaptic contact between autonomic postganglionic neuron and its target cells
what does varicosities arrangement do
increases the number of targets that a single axon branch can influence
what do chromatin cells release
epinephrine and some release norepinephrine
what do most postganglionic sympathetic neurons release and what does it act on
norepinephrine and acts on target cells through adrenergic receptors
what has its cell body in a ganglion
postganglionic neuron
a patient experiences mydriasis and constipation upon administration of an experimental drug as part of a clinical trial. based on the information that you have the drug blocks which of the following receptors
muscarinic cholinergic receptors
the somatic nervous system controls what
skeletal muscle
the autonomic nervous system controls what
smooth muscle, various glands, and cardiac muscle
a dynamical balanced between the autonomic branches
homeostasis
adrenergic receptors are in what system
sympathetic
parasympathetic preganglionic are short or long
long
Nm
muscle type found in skeletal muscle
Nn
neural type found in CNS and PNS ( ANS)
a special adaptation of the sympathetic divison
adrenal medulla
post ganglionic cells release ___ and ____ into the blood stream
norepinephrine and epinephrine
