Membrane Structure Flashcards
Phosphoglycerides are enriched in ________ and has a backbone of _________
Intracellular membrane
3-carbon glycerol with 2 FA chains attached
Types of Phosphoglycerides (3)
Phosphatidyl-ethanolamine (neutral)
Phosphatidyl-choline (neutral)
Phosphatidyl-serine (net - charge)
One chain of phosphoglycerides are usually _______ to ______
Kinked
Increase fluidity and inhibit dense packing
Sphingolipids are found in the ______ and have a backbone of ______
Plasma membrane
Sphingosine
An example of a sphingolipid is
Sphingomyelin
Glycolipids are found in the ______ and have a backbone of _____. They are enriched in ________
Plasma membrane
Sphingosine with carbohydrates on external face
Myelin
Glycolipids have _______ added instead of _______ so it’s _________
Sugars
Phosphate
Asymmetrical
Sterols are found in the _________ and an example is ________
Plasma membrane
Cholesterol
3 main features of sterols
Polar OH on both sides of membrane
Rigid to stiffen certain parts
Aliphatic region to keep the FA chain of phospholipids apart
Channels
Ion specific
Can be reversible plugged to regulate flow
Regulates pore opening
Na blocked channel using:
Tetrodotoxin
Lidocaine
K blocked channel is used to treat
Arrythmias
Carriers are
Passive, down concentration gradient
No chemical change
3 types of carriers
Uniport- faster than diffusion; conformational change
Symport- cooperative binding
Antiport
Na glucose is an example of
Symporter
Glut 1 Glucose is an example of
Uniporter
Pumps require
Energy
Move against concentration gradient
P-type pump steps
Auto phosphorylation from ATP
Phosphorylation leads to a conformation change
Pumps ions
Na/K ATPase is an example of a
P-type pump
ABC transporter
Pump small molecules most of the time
ABC Problems associated with
MDR
Chloroquin Resistance
CFTR (exception to regulating ion flow)
ABC Transporter steps
Small molecules bind to transporter
ATP binding sites come together
Hydrolysis
Small molecule release outside cell
Inner leaflet contains
Phosphatidyl-ethanolamine and serine
Outer leaflet contains
Phosphatidyl-choline
Spingolipids
Glycolipids
Proteins that attach to lipids then membrane (3)
Myristoyl
Palmitoyl
Farnesyl
Lipid raft
Create thick midcodomain that sequesters subsets of membrane proteins
Not random
Cholesterol and sphingomyelin
Integral proteins
Stretch of hydrophobic amino acids
Peripheral proteins
Associate with membrane by charge
Lipids covalently attached
