Human Genome

Question 1

G-Banding can detect

Answer 1

Large changes in chromosome structure

Question 2

FISH cannot detect

Answer 2

Single nucleotide changes

Question 3

FISH can detect

Answer 3

Changes in chromosome structure too small to be detected with G-banding

Question 4

CGH can detect

Answer 4

Deletions or duplications even if their location is not known

Question 5

Interphase FISH

Answer 5

Chromatin
Faster
Lower resolution because DNA isn’t condensed

Question 6

Metaphase FISH

Answer 6

Chromosome

Need cell culture to amplify number for incubation

Question 7

FISH requires

Answer 7

Location to be known in order to design probe

Question 8

G-Banding

Answer 8

Giemsa stain to create patter of dark/light bands for each chromosome

Question 9

In G-Banding, the cells are arrested in

Answer 9

Metaphase

Question 10

Chromosomes are identified by: (3)

Answer 10

Size
Centromere position
Banding pattern

Question 11

What region stains the darkest in G-Banding?

Answer 11

Heterochromatic region because it’s AT rich

Question 12

Large Repeats

Answer 12

Recombination more likely

Can lead to inversions, duplication, deletions

Question 13

Short repeats- Satellite sequences

Answer 13

Mostly in centromeres and telomeres

Tandem repeats of a few hundred bp long

Question 14

Short Repeats- Micro-Satellites

Answer 14

Repeats of a few nucleotides

Copy number highly variable

Question 15

Retrotransposons

Answer 15

Self amplifying gene sequences

Only LINEs thought active in humans

Question 16

Types of Retrotransposons (3)

Answer 16

LTR (long terminal repeats)
LINE (long interspersed nuclear elements) which are mRNAs encoding reverse transcriptase
SINE (short interspersed nuclear elements)