Meiosis notes Flashcards

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1
Q

Meiosis

A

Cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms

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2
Q

Recessive

A

Genes that are expressed in offspring only when inherited not masked from both parents, i.e. When Inherited from one parent.

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3
Q

Mitosis

A

division of the nucleus

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4
Q

Fertilization

A

Fusion of an egg and sperm cell

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5
Q

Homologous Chromosomes

A

Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure

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6
Q

Non-Homologous Chromosomes

A

chromosomes that are not members of the same pair.

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7
Q

Gametes

A

reproductive cells

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8
Q

Sister Chromatids

A

Replicated forms of a chromosome joined together by the centromere and eventually separated during mitosis or meiosis.

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9
Q

Centromere

A

the region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis.

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10
Q

Independent Assortment

A

Chromosomes will arrange in a different pattern each time. (Mixes the mom and dad chromosomes)

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11
Q

Crossing Over

A

Process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids.

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12
Q

Allele

A

Different forms of a gene

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13
Q

Recessive

A

An allele that is masked when a dominant allele is present

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14
Q

Spindle Fibers

A

Protein structures which move the chromosomes during cell division.

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15
Q

Haploid

A

having a single set of unpaired chromosomes

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16
Q

Diploid

A

a cell that contains two haploid sets of chromosomes

17
Q

Homozygous

A

having two identical alleles for a trait

18
Q

Heterozygous

A

having two different alleles for a trait

19
Q

Non-disjunction

A

the uneven division of chromosomes during meiosis I or II that results in cells w/ more or less chromosomes than normal. *Not a mutation