Mechanisms of Evolution Flashcards

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1
Q

Jean Lamark

A

-Evolution occurs through the use and disuse of physical features. -features will increase by use or decrease by disuse . -these traits are then passed down to their offspring. -Through evolution happens during a life time.

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2
Q

Charles Darwin

A

-Characteristics among members of a species vary. -Only individuals with the characteristics suited to the environmental will survive to reproduce. -Overtime those characteristics will increase in population.

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3
Q

Process of Natural Selection

A

Process by which populations (not individuals) change in response to their environments.

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4
Q

4 requirements

A

Genetic Variation Overproduction of offspring Struggle for existence Survival of the fittest.

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5
Q

Genetic Variation

A

Exists in a population through… Meiosis- Genetic variation can be increased during crossing over and independent assortment. Mutations- Can be beneficial Genetic Recombination- Organisms pass on traits to offspring.

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6
Q

Overpopulation/overproduction

A

-when conditions are favorable organisms tend to produce more offspring than the environment can support. -Resources are no longer abundant enough to support every individual in a population competition occurs.

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7
Q

Struggle for Existence

A

-Every organism must constantly fight for limited resources and escape from predators in order to survive long enough to reproduce.

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8
Q

Survival of the Fittest

A

-individuals best suited/adapted to their environment have the best chances for survival. -reproduce more often and pass those good traits on to their offspring. -increased frequency of best traits

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9
Q

Fitness def

A

The ability to survive and reproduce in a particular movement.

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10
Q

Selective pressure

A

The environment factor that effects an organisms ability to survive and/ or reproduce in an environment.

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