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Biology > Meiosis > Flashcards

Meiosis Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two types of reproduction?

A

Asexual, sexual

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2
Q

What are the differences in the two types of reproduction?

A

Asexual: One parent, clones
Sexual: Two parents, genetically different.

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3
Q

What are homologous chromosomes?

A

A pair of chromosomes that have similar shapes, sizes, and genetic information.

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4
Q

What is the difference between a haploid and diploid cell?

A

Haploid: One set of chromosomes (N)
Diploid: Two set (pair) of chromosomes (2N)

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5
Q

Is sperm cell haploid or diploid?

A

Haploid

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6
Q

Is a liver cell haploid or diploid?

A

Diploid

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7
Q

Is an egg cell haploid or diploid?

A

Haploid

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8
Q

Is a stomach cell haploid or diploid?

A

Diploid

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9
Q

If the diploid number in a liver cell is 52, how many chromosomes are there in the egg of this organism?

A

26

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10
Q

What produces a zygote?

A

A combination of a sperm and egg

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11
Q

During meiosis the chromosome number

A

Is reduced

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12
Q

Meiosis produces haploid reproductive cells called

A

Gametes

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13
Q

What are the two human gametes?

A

Sperm and egg

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14
Q

How many times do cells divide during meiosis?

A

Twice

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15
Q

What are the stages in Meiosis I?

A

Prophase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I, Telophase I

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16
Q

What are the stages in Meiosis II?

A

Prophase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II, Telophase II

17
Q

What is a tetrad?

A

Structure containing 4 chromatids (or 2 homologous chromosomes) that forms during Meiosis

18
Q

What best describes “crossing over”

A

An exchange of information between two homologous chromosomes.

19
Q

What type of material is exchanged during crossing-over?

A

Genes/genetic material/DNA

20
Q

Crossing over occurs in what stage of meiosis?

A

Prophase I

21
Q

How many cells are formed at the end of Meiosis I?

A

Two cells

22
Q

How many copies of chromosomes does each cell have after Meiosis I?

A

2N chromosomes

23
Q

Is DNA copied before Meiosis II?

A

NO!!!

24
Q

How many cells form at the end of Meiosis II?

A

Four

25
Q

How many chromosomes does each cell hold at the end of Meiosis II?

A

N Chromosomes (haploid)

26
Q

Prophase I

A

Homologous chromosomes pair up and form a tetrad

27
Q

Metaphase I

A

Homologues line up at the equator

28
Q

Anaphase I

A

Spindle fibers move homologous chromosomes to opposite sides

29
Q

Telophase I

A

Cytoplasm divides, 2 daughter cells are formed

30
Q

Prophase II

A

Chromosomes move toward metaphase plate as the spindle forms

31
Q

Metaphase II

A

Chromosomes line up along equator, not in homologous pairs.

32
Q

Anaphase II

A

Sister chromatids separate

33
Q

Telophase II

A

Nuclear membrane reforms, cytoplasm divides, 4 daughter cells formed.

Biology (7 decks)

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