Biotech

Question 1

What is a karyotype?

Answer 1

A visual, ordered display of all the chromosomes from one somatic cell

Question 2

How is a karyotype made?

Answer 2

By taking pictures of chromosomes arranged by size, banding pattern, and centromere position.

Question 3

What kind of mutations can karyotypes detect?

Answer 3

Chromosomal mutations and genetic disorders

Question 4

What is nondisjunction?

Answer 4

Lack of correct chromosomal separation

Question 5

What are the potential results of nondisjunction?

Answer 5

Disorders, miscarriage, possibility of death

Question 6

What chromosome number would be found in gametes if nondisjunction occurs in Meiosis I?

Answer 6

22 and 24

Question 7

What chromosome number would be found in gametes if nondisjunction occurs in Meiosis II?

Answer 7

22, 23, 24

Question 8

Monosomy

Answer 8

2n-1

Question 9

Trisomy

Answer 9

2n + 1

Question 10

Which chromosome determines the sex of the baby?

Answer 10

X and Y chromosomes

Question 11

Down syndrome

Answer 11

Extra copy of chromosome 21

Question 12

Klinefelter

Answer 12

Extra X

Question 13

Turner

Answer 13

Monosomy

Question 14

What is colchicine?

Answer 14

A drug that inhibits microtubule formation

Question 15

Why is colchicine used in the karyotype?

Answer 15

Freezes the chromosomes in Metaphase I because they are clearly visualized.

Question 16

What is a Giemsa band?

Answer 16

Used to dye chromosomes so that their centromere positioning is clear for the karyotype.