Meiosis

Question 0

Barr Body

Answer 0

Dark-staining in the cell nuclei of female mammals that contains a condensed, inactive X chromosome; named after its discoverer, Murray Barr

Question 1

Aneuploidy

Answer 1

Condition in which a cell does not contain the correct number, or combinations, of chromosomes

Question 2

Duplication

Answer 2

Change in chromosome structure in which a particular segment is present more than once in the same chromosome

Question 3

Euploidy

Answer 3

Condition in which a cell contains the correct number, and combinations, of chromosomes

Question 4

Gamete Gametogenesis

Answer 4

Development of the male and female sex gametes

Question 5

Genetic Recombination

Answer 5

Process in which chromosomes are broken and rejoined to form novel combinations; in this way offspring receive alleles in combinations different from their parents

Question 6

Haploid (1n) Number

Answer 6

Cell Condition in which only one of each type of chromosome is present

Question 7

Homologous Chromosome

Answer 7

Member of a pair of chromosome that are alike and come together in Synapsis during prophase of the first meiotic division; a homologue

Question 8

Karyotype

Answer 8

Chromosomes arranged by pairs according to their size, shape, and general appearance in mitotic metaphase

Question 9

Meiosis

Answer 9

Type of nuclear division that reduces the chromosome number from 2n to n; daughter cells receive the haploid number of chromosomes in varied combinations; also called reduction division

Question 10

Monosomy

Answer 10

Chromosome condition in which a diploid cell has one less chromosome the normal designated as 2n-1

Question 11

Nondisjunction

Answer 11

Failure of the Homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate during either mitosis or meiosis produces cells with abnormal chromosome numbers

Question 12

Oogenesis

Answer 12

Production of eggs and females by the process of meiosis and maturation

Question 13

Polar Body

Answer 13

Nonfunctional product of Oogenesis produced by the unequal division of cytoplasm in females during meiosis; in humans three of the four cells produced by meiosis are polar bodies

Question 14

Sexual Reproduction

Answer 14

Reproduction involving meiosis gamete formation and fertilization produces offspring with chromosomes inherited from each parent with a unique combination of genes

Question 15

Spermatogenesis

Answer 15

Production of sperm in males by the process of meiosis and maturation

Question 16

Synapsis

Answer 16

Pairing of homologous chromosomes during meiosis 1

Question 17

Synaptonemal Complex

Answer 17

Protein structure that forms between the homologous chromosomes of prophase 1 of meiosis; promotes the process of crossing-over

Question 18

Translocation

Answer 18

Movement of a chromosomal segment from one chromosome to another nonhomologous chromosome, leading to abnormalities–e.g., Down syndrome

Question 19

Trisomy

Answer 19

Chromosome in the condition in which a diploid cell has one more chromosomes of the normal; designated as 2n+1

Question 20

Zygote

Answer 20

Diploid cell formed by the union of two gametes; the product of fertilization