Chapter 8 Vocab

Question 0

NAD +

Answer 0

(Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) coenzyme and oxidation-reduction reactions that accepts electrons and hydrogen ions to become NADH + H+ as oxidation of substrates occurs. During cellular respiration, NADH carries electrons to the electron transport chain in mitochondria

Question 1

Cellular Respiration

Answer 1

Metabolism reactions that use the energy from carbohydrates fatty acid or amino acid breakdown to produce ATP molecules

Question 2

FAD

Answer 2

Flavin adenine dinucleotide; a coenzyme of oxidation-reduction that becomes FADH2 as oxidation of substrates occurs in the mitochondria during cellular respiration, FAD then delivers electrons to the electron transport chain.

Question 3

Anaerobic

Answer 3

A chemical reaction that occurs in the absence of oxygen; an example is the fermentation reactions

Question 4

Aerobic

Answer 4

A chemical process that requires air (oxygen); phase of cellular respiration that requires oxygen

Question 5

Glycolysis

Answer 5

Anaerobic breakdown of glucose that results in a gain of two ATP in the production of pyruvate occurs in the cytoplasm of cells.

Question 6

Citric acid cycle

Answer 6

Cycle of reactions and mitochondria that begins with citric acid this cycle breaks down and acetyl group in produces see you to ATP NADH and FADAH2 also called the Krebs cycle

Question 7

Electron transport chain

Answer 7

Process in a cell that involves the passage of electrons along a series of membrane-bound electron carrier molecules from higher to lower energy level the energy released as used for the synthesis of ATP

Question 8

Fermentation

Answer 8

Anaerobic breakdown of glucose that results in a gain of two ATP and end products such as alcohol and lactate occurs in the cytoplasm of cells

Question 9

Substrate level ATP synthesis

Answer 9

Process in which ATP is formed by transferring a phosphate from the metabolic substrate to ADP

Question 10

Cytochrome

Answer 10

Any of several iron containing protein molecules that are members of the electron transport chain in photosynthesis and cellular respiration

Question 11

Catabolism

Answer 11

Metabolic process that breaks down large molecules into smaller ones; Catabolic metabolism

Question 12

Anabolism

Answer 12

Chemical reaction in which smaller molecules (monomers) are combined to form larger molecules (polymers); anabolic metabolism