medsurg exam 2 review Flashcards
Peritoneal dialysis patients have an increased risk of what kind of infection
peritonitis
peritonitis signs and symptoms
abdominal pain
anorexia (loss of appetite)
nausea/vomiting
confusion
how many liters of fluid should you encourage a kidney stone pt to drink
3 liters
should you encourage a kidney stone pt to walk around? [TEST QUESTION]
yes
what condition does dark, bubbly urine indicate?
cholecystitis
what dietary education should a chronic kidney disease pt be given for protein?
reduce protein in diet
what dietary education should a chronic kidney disease pt be given for sodium
reduce sodium
what dietary education should a chronic kidney disease pt be given for potassium?
reduce potassium
what dietary education should a chronic kidney disease pt be given for phosphorus?
reduce phosphorus
what dietary education should a chronic kidney disease pt be given for calories
increase calories
can a pt with cystitis drink caffeine or carbonated beverage?
no
how should a pt wipe themselves to avoid a UTI? [delete my # if u get this wrong]
front to back
what kidney disorder causes mass protein loss and protein in urine?
nephrotic syndrome
what class of drugs should be given to a patient with urge incontinence?
anticholinergic medications
can a pt with urge incontinence drink caffeine?
no
what type of incontinence would a vaginal repair be performed
stress incontinence
would you perform a vaginal repair on a pt with urge incontinence?
no
what labs would be elevated in a patient with chronic kidney disease?
BUN
Creatinine
what phase of acute kidney failure is there reduced urine output
oliguric phase
urine output of less than 400cc/day indicates what phase of acute kidney failure
oliguric phase
edema, weight GAIN, hypercalcemia, HYPERvolemia and hypertension are s/s of what phase of acute kidney failure
oliguric phase
how long does the oliguric phase of acute kidney failure last
1-2 weeks
what labs will be elevated in a pt in the oliguric phase of acute kidney failure
BUN and creatinine
urine output of more than 3L/day indicates what phase of acute renal failure
diuretic phase
HYPOvolemia and weight LOSS indicates what phase of acute renal failure?
diuretic phase
how long does the diuretic phase of acute renal failure last?
several days to 1 week
urine output between 4-5L/day and normal BUN & creatinine lvls indicates what phase of acute renal failure?
recovery phase
end-stage kidney disease does what to blood pressure?
elevates it
uremia, pruritus (itchy skin), confusion, slurred speech, tachypnea and elevated BP are s/s of what kidney disease?
end-stage renal disease
what causes bone pain in pts with kidney disease
hypercalcemia (calcium is pulled from bones)
flank pain, hypertension and polyuria indicates what kidney disease?
polycystic kidney disease
inflammation of the bladder wall is called?
cystitis
inflammation of the urethra is called?
urethritis
bladder spasms are called?
tenesmus
foul smelling urine is called?
pyuria (peeyouria)
lower urinary tract infections include?
urethritis
cystitis
what antibiotics treat urinary tract infections
bactrim
cipro
pyridium
sulfanethoxazole is an antibiotic also called
bactrim
iprofloxacin is an antibiotic also called
cipro
phenazopyridine is an antibiotic also called
pyridium
what antibiotic turns pee reddish orange
pyridium
what antibiotic causes bladder spasms
pyridium
is pyridium a urinary analgesic and antiseptic?
yes
upper urinary tract infections include
pyelonephritis
glomerulonephritis
inflammation of the renal parenchyma (kidney tissue) is called
pyelonephritis
costovertebral angle pain, flank pain, chills and fever are s/s of what kidney disease
pyelonephritis
where is the costovertebral angle
below the 12th rib and between the spine
what would a pyelonephritis patient’s urine test positive for
RBC
WBC
casts
bacteria
what does uremia do to the skin
makes it dry and itchy
reduction of what reduces uremia risk
protein
is it normal to gain 5 lbs in one day?
no
what medication treats hyperkalemia
kayexolate
polystyrene sulfonate is also called
kayexolate
polystyrene sulfonate treats what
hypercalcemia
medication that moves potassium out of body
kayexolate
a nurse with holds morphine from dying cancer patient because she is worried it will kill her. what ethical principle did she use?
non maleficence
surgical removal of both fallopian tubes and ovaries is called
bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy
surgical removal of uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries
total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy
what will cause a patient not to be able to have sex after a total hysterctomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy
vaginal dryness
menopause, hot flashes and vaginal dryness occur after what surgical procedure
total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy
does menopause occur in all patients no matter their age after total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy?
yes
what education would you give a pt with vaginal dryness after total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy
artificial lube
estrogen cream for vagina
will a patient need a pap smear every 6 months after a total hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy [professor will cry if u get this wrong on the test]
no
what does a WBC count of 17,000 indicate in a female patient? [test question]
infection
what kind of foods should a pt with kidney stones avoid
tree nuts:
peanuts
cashews
almonds
hazelnuts
(*kidney stone pts not fw that sus shit)
what can you use to prevent foot drop in a patient if a foot board is not available
high top shoes
what are side effects of radiation on a pt s/p mastectomy
fatigue
myelosuppression
would a pt with breast cancer get alopecia (hair loss)
no because radiation would not be given on their head
what kind of lotion can be used after chemo
hydrating
no fragrance
no metal
no alcohol
what is the prognosis for a stage 4 breast cancer pt
terminal
which cancer is the most deadly
ovarian
what is BRCA-1
breast cancer gene
mouth soreness is called
stomatitis
restlessness, headache, seizure and coma are s/s of what hemodialysis complication
dysequillibrium syndrome
what drug would be given to a pt with dysequillibrium syndrome
phenytoin
a nurse notices a pt who is restless, experiencing headaches, seizure and coma after hemodialysis. what is the pt suffering from and what med would be given PRN [test question]
dysequilllibrium syndrome
phenytoin
if hemoglobin and hematocrit are low, how will the pts 02 be?
low
s/s that kidney is being rejected by body after transplant
kidney pain
kidney enlargement
how will pts BP be after hemodialysis
low
is hypotension an expected side effect of hemodialysis
yes
a pt states that her sister has a history of cervical cancer what screening would you suggest for the pt?
pap smear
