exam 2 random questions Flashcards
A nurse is preparing a client who is scheduled for an intravenous pyelogram (IVP). Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
A. Allergy to egg products
B. Vomiting and diarrhea for the last 6 hr
C. Serum potassium of 3.6 mEq/L
D. Serum creatinine of 1.2 mg/dL
Vomiting and diarrhea for the last 6 hr (depletes fluid volume)
A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic kidney disease (CKD). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
A. Limit fluid intake
B. Limit caloric intake
C. Eat a diet high in phosphorus
D. Eat a diet high in protein
A. Limit fluid intake (prevent hypervolemia)
A nurse is caring for a client who is in the oliguric-anuric stage of acute kidney injury. The client reports diarrhea, a dull headache, palpitations, and muscle tingling and weakness. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
A. Administer an analgesic to the client
B. Check the client’s electrolyte values
C. Measure the client’s weight
D. Restrict the client’s protein intake
B. Check the client’s electrolyte values
A nurse is preparing an in-service program about the stages of acute kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include about prerenal azotemia?
A. Prerenal azotemia begins prior to the onset of symptoms.
B. Interference with renal perfusion causes prerenal azotemia.
C. Prerenal azotemia is irreversible, even in the early stages.
D. Infections and tumors cause prerenal azotemia.
B. Interference with renal perfusion causes prerenal azotemia.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has stomatitis due to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching? A. “I will use a soft toothbrush or foam swab for oral care.”
B. “I will use lemon and glycerin swabs after meals.”
C. “I will remove my dentures except while eating.”
D. “I will rinse my mouth frequently with hydrogen peroxide solution.”
B. “I will use lemon and glycerin swabs after meals.”
what should chemo pt with stomatitis use for oral care?
soft toothbrush or foam swab
what should chemo pt with stomatitis rinse their mouth with
hydrogen peroxide solution
A nurse is teaching a client how to perform a breast self-examination (BSE). The nurse should identify which of the following findings as an indication of breast cancer?
A. Lumps that are mobile and tender on palpation prior to a menstrual period
B. Multiple round masses that are tender and found in both breasts
C. Bilaterally darkened areolas
D. A nontender, hard lump that is palpated in a breast
D. A nontender, hard lump that is palpated in a breast
A nurse is providing dietary teaching a client who has late-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD). Which of the following nutrients should the nurse instruct the client to increase in her diet?
A. Calcium
B. Phosphorous
C. Potassium
D. Sodium
A. Calcium (prevent hypocalcemia)
Common sites of breast cancer metastasis
bones
lungs
brain
liver
A client who has acute pyelonephritis should drink at least how many ml/day
2000 ml
what urine symptom is expected after a TURP (transurethral resection of the prostate)
pink tinged urine
what type of incontinence is expected after a TURP?
stress incontinence
are dysuria and urinary frequency expected after a TURP?
yes
when should urinary collection pouch be changed?
early in the morning (urine output is reduced)
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is preoperative for a renal biopsy. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
A. “You will be NPO for 8 hr following the procedure.”
B. “An allergy to shellfish is a contraindication to this procedure.”
C. “You will need to be on bed rest following the procedure.”
D. “A creatinine clearance is needed prior to the procedure.”
C. “You will need to be on bed rest following the procedure.” (reduce bleeding risk)
A nurse is assessing a client who has urolithiasis and reports pain in his thigh. This finding indicates the stone is in which of the following structures?
A. Ureter
B. Bladder
C. Renal pelvis
D. Renal tubules
A. Ureter
brachytherapy treats what kind of cancer?
uterine cancer
how is brachytherapy performed?
radioactive infusion into/near tumor
A nurse is caring for a client who had a nephrostomy tube inserted 8 hours ago. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the client’s plan of care?
A. Flush the nephrostomy tube every 4 hours with sterile water.
B. Clamp the nephrostomy tube intermittently to establish continence.
C. Check the skin at the nephrostomy site for irritation from urine leakage.
D. Monitor for and report any blood-tinged drainage to the provider immediately.
C. Check the skin at the nephrostomy site for irritation from urine leakage.
should a nephrostomy tube be regularly irrigated
no
should you ever clamp a nephrostomy tube
no
is blood tinged urination expected following nephrostomy tube insertion?
yes
what is effluent?
discharge of waste products
A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving peritoneal dialysis. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider immediately?
A. Difficulty draining the effluent
B. Redness at the access site
C. Fluid flowing from the catheter site
D. Cloudy effluent
D. Cloudy effluent (sign of peritonitis)
what is the daily allowance of dietary calcium?
1000 mg
A nurse is checking the laboratory values of a client who has chronic kidney disease. The nurse should expect elevations in which of the following values?
A. Potassium and magnesium
B. Calcium and bicarbonate
C. Hemoglobin and hematocrit
D. Arterial pH and PaCO2 Check Answer Question Feedback Close Explanation
A. Potassium and magnesium
is increased breast density a risk for breast cancer?
yes
is postmenopausal obesity a risk for breast cancer?
yes
is hormone replacement therapy a risk for breast cancer?
yes
how often should intermittent self catherization be performed
every 2-3 hrs
how often should jp drains be emptied daily
twice
shoudl a pt w jp drain take a shower
no take baths
what age should mammograms start
40
what age should self breast exams start
20
A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
A. WBC 6,000/mm^3
B. Potassium 3.0 mEq/L
C. Clear, pale yellow drainage
D. Report of abdominal fullness
B. Potassium 3.0 mEq/L (hypokalemia, arrythmia)
A nurse is providing postoperative discharge teaching to a client following a panhysterectomy for uterine cancer. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. “You will need to continue to use some form of birth control for 6 months.”
B. “You might experience manifestations of menopause.”
C. “Do not lift anything heavier than 15 lb.”
D. “Pain or burning with urination is an expected outcome of this surgery.
B. “You might experience manifestations of menopause.”
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is preoperative prior to a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the information?
A. “I will not need to have a urinary catheter following this procedure.”
B. “I will expect my urine to be cloudy after having this procedure.”
C. “At least I won’t have leakage of urine after having this procedure.”
D. “I will feel the urge to urinate following this procedure.”
D. “I will feel the urge to urinate following this procedure.”
A nurse is planning care for a client who is postoperative following a radical mastectomy. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
A. Rest the arm on the affected side on the bed when the client is sleeping
B. Instruct the client to keep the affected arm flexed when ambulating
C. Begin exercises with the client 1 day after the procedure
D. Maintain the client on bed rest for 2 days after the procedure Check Answer Question Feedback Show Explanation Grade Pause Previous
C. Begin exercises with the client 1 day after the procedure
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for tamoxifen. The nurse should recognize that tamoxifen has which of the following therapeutic effects?
A. Anti-estrogenic
B. Antimicrobial
C. Androgenic
D. Anti-inflammatory
A. Anti-estrogenic
what does tamoxifen treat
breast cancer
can tamoxifen be used to prevent breast cancer
yes
what does raloxifene help prevent the risk of
breast cancer
A nurse is preparing to administer raloxifene to a client. Which of the following conditions is a contraindication for the administration of this medication?
A. Osteoporosis
B. Hyperthyroidism
C. Myocardial infarction
D. Deep-vein thrombosis
D. Deep-vein thrombosis (raloxifene increases dvt risk)
what controls volume of urine produced
ADH
high levels of what hormone will limit urine output
ADH
low levels of what hormone will cause excessive amounts of urination
ADH (*seeing low ADH will make u piss your pants)
what arm would you draw blood in a pt with an AV fistula in their right arm
left arm
what should you do to notify staff of an AV fistula on pt arm
place limb alert on affected arm
what can cause ototixicity in CKD pts
loop diuretics
what should you do if pt becomes hypertensive during dialysis
elevate pt legs into trendelenburg position (head lower than their feet)
what is the expected sound when auscultating AV fistula
bruit
untreated UTI that spreads to kidney and causes sepsis is called
urosepsis
painful menstrual period is called
dysmenorrhea
how often should self breast exams be done
monthly
what is an early sign of breast cancer
lumps
what drug stimulates WBC growth
filgrastim
what drug stimulates platelet growth
oprelvekin (odell beckham stepping up to the plate)
what are adverse effects of opelvekin
a-fib
fluid retention
anaphylaxis
( odell beckham steps up to the plate and tells a fib about fluid retention because he’s having anaphylaxis)
can a pt who’s receiving radiation wear a bra with wires
no
no period for 12 months is called
menopause
adverse effects of tamoxifen
weight gain
nausea
vomiting
fatigue
hot flashes
what stage is cervical cancer localized
stage 0
what stage is lesson confined to cervix
stage 1
what stage does lesson extend beyond cervix but not into pelvic wall
stage 2
what stage does lesson extend to pelvic wall and lower vagina
stage 3
what stage does the lesson extend to rectum, bladder or beyond
stage 4
stage 0 cervical cancer surgical management
LEEP
cryosurgery
laser surgery
( on stage 0 leep over the lasers to cryosurgery)
stage 1 cervical cancer surgical management
hysterectomy
conization
intracavity radiation
(on stage 1 get hysterical, put ur cone on and get radiation for your cavity)
stage 2 cervical cancer surgical interventions
radical hysterectomy
radiation
bilateral pelvic lymphadectomy
(on stage 2 get radically hysterical over radiation on both sides of ur pelvis)
stage 3&4 cervical cancer interventions
radiation therapy
CISPLATIN
removal of cervix abs upper vagina
radical trachelectomy
how does intracavity radiation affect vaginal canal
cause vaginal stenosis (vaginal canal narrowing)
can a pelvic exam detect early ovarian cancer?
no
A nurse is caring for a client who has nephrotic syndrome and has been taking prednisone for 3 days. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider as an adverse effect of prednisone?
A. Sore throat
B. Frequent stools
C. Hearing Loss
D. Tremors
A. Sore throat (infection risk increased w glucocorticoid use)
a nurse is planning education about cyclosporine for a client who had a kidney transplant 2 days ago. which of the following statements should the nurse plan to include?
“you will need to continue taking this medication to protect your new kidneys”
how long do you take cyclosporine after kidney transplant
for life
how often should AV fistula be auscultated for bruits
every 4 hrs
what can cause seizures in a pt after hemodialysis?
rapid decrease in fluid
how color will urine be in pt with glomerulonephritis
dark colored
what kind of specimen container should urine be collected in
STERILE container
creatinine normal range
0.5-1.3
calcium normal range
9-10.5
potassium normal range
3.5-5
which is a risk factor for chronic pyelonephritis?
parkinsons
diabetes
peptic ulcer disease
gallbladder disease
diabetes
what should be monitored in pt during extracorpeal shock wave lithotripsy
cardiac rhythm
what is hemophillia
major bleeding disorder
is hemophellia a contraindication for hemodialysis
yes can cause extreme blood loss
normal WBC range
4,500-11,000
what kind of antibiotics can damage kidneys
aminoglycoside antibiotics (micin/mycin antibiotics)
