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concept 3 > exam 1 > Flashcards

exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

3 tiers of TRIAGE SYSTEM

A

Emergent
Urgent
Non urgent

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2
Q

Triage tier level for life threatening

A

emergent

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3
Q

examples of emergent triage tier

A

chest pain w diaphoresis
hemorrhage
resp distress
stroke
vital sign instability

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4
Q

examples of urgent level triage

A

severe abdominal pain
displaced or multiple fractures
renal colic
resp infection
soft tissue injuries

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5
Q

what triage tier would a chest pain pt w diaphoresis be

A

emergent

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6
Q

what triage tier would a pt w resp distress be

A

emergent

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7
Q

what triage tier would a pt w severe abdominal pain be

A

urgent

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8
Q

what triage tier would a pt with displaced or multiple fx be

A

urgent

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9
Q

what triage tier would a pt with renal colic be

A

urgent

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10
Q

what triage tier would an older adult pt w resp infection be

A

urgent

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11
Q

what triage tier would a pt w a simple fracture be

A

non urgent

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12
Q

what triage tier would a pt with a rash be

A

non urgent

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13
Q

what triage tier would a pt with soft tissue injuries be

A

urgent

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14
Q

what is disposition

A

providers decision of where pt should go after discharge from ED

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15
Q

what should you do with IV lines and indwelling tubes when a pt dies in bed from trauma, suspected homicide or abuse?

A

leave them in place

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16
Q

what level is a trauma center that provides care from prevention through rehabilitation

A

level 1

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17
Q

what lvl trauma center is a community hospital that can provide care to vast majority of injured pts

A

level 2

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18
Q

what lvl trauma center is a rural hospital that focuses on initial injury stabalization & pt transfer

A

level 3

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19
Q

what lvl trauma center is located in a rural/remote setting

A

level 4

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20
Q

What to check during primary survey

A

Airway/cervical spine
Breathing
Circulation
Disability
Exposure
*ABCDE

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21
Q

If there is excessive bleeding what should be checked during primary survey

A

Circulation
Airway/cervical spine
Breathing
*If a pt is bleeding hella, call a CAB

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22
Q

What should be checked during secondary survey

A

comprehensive head to toe
identify other injuries

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23
Q

what should be anticipated during 2nd survey

A

gastric tube & urinary catheter
prep for diagnostic studies
application o f splints & temp dressings

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24
Q

what should be done before disposition is determined

A

assess psychological needs
consult w social services and rehab team
coordinate w other support services as needed
be alert for human trafficking signs
implement SBIRT

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25
Q

what is SBIRT

A

screening, brief intervention and referral to treatment

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26
Q

should you give a pt w heat exhaustion a salt tablet

A

no

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27
Q

can you give a pt with heat exhaustion plain water

A

no it’ll worsen sodium deficit

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28
Q

what should you rehydrate a heat exhaustion pt with in a clinical setting

A

IV 0.9% saline

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29
Q

what labs should be done on heat exhaustion pt

A

serum electrolyte analysis

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30
Q

what can happen if heat stroke is untreated

A

organ dysfunction or death

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31
Q

how does exertional heat stroke happen

A

strenuous activity in hot, humid conditions

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32
Q

how does classic non exertional heat stroke occur

A

chronic exposure to hot humid environment over time

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33
Q

body temp over 104 degrees F indicates

A

heat stroke

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34
Q

signs of a heat stroke

A

temp over 104
altered mental status
hypotension
tachycardia
tachypnea
elevated cardiac troponin

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35
Q

how would a heat stroke pts heart rate be

A

tachy

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36
Q

how would a heat stroke pts breathing be

A

tachy

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37
Q

how would heat stroke pts cardiac troponin be

A

elevated

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38
Q

what kind of IV should be inserted in heat stroke pt

A

IV with large bore needle or cannula

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39
Q

How should core temperature be measured in heat stoke pt

A

rectal probe

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40
Q

what kind of snake has depression or pit between each eye and nostril

A

pit viper

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41
Q

rattlesnakes, copperheads and coppermouths are what kind of snakes

A

pit vipers

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42
Q

snakes with red, black rings separated by yellow cream rings are

A

coral snakes

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43
Q

what is the most significant risk of snake bite

A

airway compromise and resp failure

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44
Q

what to do with snake bite pt

A

ensure IV lines
have resuscitation equipment available
contact poison control

45
Q

how would you treat a bee sting allergic rxn

A

epi pen

46
Q

what imaging would be done for pt struck by lightning and where

A

CT of head

47
Q

what lab should be done for pt struck by lightning

A

CK

48
Q

what do CK labs diagnose

A

skeletal muscle damage

49
Q

what should be given prophylactically to pt struck by lightning

A

tetanus

50
Q

where should pt struck by lightning follow up

A

burn center

51
Q

what should lightning burns be covered with in community setting

A

sterile dressing

52
Q

what material should be avoided in cold weather

A

cotton

53
Q

what clothing material should be worn in cold weather

A

synthetic clothing

54
Q

a body temperature of 90-95 indicates

A

mild hypothermia

55
Q

a body temp of 82.4 to 90 indicates what

A

moderate hypothermia

56
Q

body temp below 82.4 indicates

A

severe hypothermia

57
Q

body temp below 95 indicates

A

hypothermia

58
Q

what position should hypothermia pt be placed in

A

supine

59
Q

how should hypothermia pt be internally rewarmed

A

warm IV fluids
heated oxygen
heated lavage (peritoneal, pleural, gastric)

60
Q

what is a lavage

A

the washing out of a body cavity with water or medicated solution

61
Q

what frostbite grade is hyperemia and edema

A

grade 1

62
Q

what frostbite grade has large, clear to milky, fluid filled blisters with partial thickness skin necrosis

A

grade 2

63
Q

what frostbite grade has small blisters containing dark fluid, body part that is cool, numb, blue or red and doesnt blanch

A

grade 3

64
Q

what frostbite grade has a blister over carpal or tarsal that is numb, cold, bloodness and has necrosis that extends to muscle and bone

A

grade 4

65
Q

how should frost bite affected area be rapidly rewarmed

A

swirled in water without touching side of container

66
Q

why should you not let frost bite affected area touch side of container during rapid rewarming

A

to prevent tissue damage

67
Q

how should frost bite affected area be elevated

A

above heart level

68
Q

what should you assess frost bite for

A

compartment syndrome

69
Q

what is compartment syndrome

A

when pressure increases and restricts blood flow

70
Q

what immunization should be given for frostbite

A

tetanus

71
Q

how should frostbite dressings be

A

loose ,non-adherent and sterile

72
Q

disaster that occurs inside hospital

A

internal disaster

73
Q

disaster that occurs outside hospital

A

external

74
Q

what color triage is emergent class 1

A

red

75
Q

what color triage can wait for care and is class 2

A

yellow

76
Q

what color triage is non urgent/ walking wounded class 3

A

green

77
Q

what color triage allows pt to die and is class 4

A

black

78
Q

what color triage is class 4

A

black

79
Q

what color triage is class 2

A

yellow

80
Q

what color triage is class 3

A

green

81
Q

what color triage is class 1

A

red

82
Q

total arterial blood flow is called

A

perfusion

83
Q

blood flow through tissues is

A

peripheral perfusion

84
Q

blood flow through heart is

A

central perfusion

85
Q

functional site of blood formation

A

bone marrow

86
Q

spleen tissue that is filled w WBCS, a major site of antibody production and filters out bacteria and old RBCs

A

white pulp

87
Q

what spleen tissue is storage site for RBCs

A

red pulp

88
Q

what spleen tissue contains ends of many blood vessels

A

marginal pulp

89
Q

process of controlled blood clotting

A

hemostasis

90
Q

process that prevents over enlargement of fibrin clot

A

fibrinolysis

91
Q

anti-clotting deficiency increases risk for

A

venous thromboembolism, myocardial infarction, strokes

92
Q

pallor or cyanosis indicates

A

reduced perfusion

93
Q

thin/absent hair can indicate

A

poor perfusion

94
Q

most common symptom of sickle cell disease crisis

A

pain

95
Q

labs for sickle cell

A

hemoglobin S (HbS) percentage on electrophoresis
hematocrit
reticulocyte count

96
Q

how will hematocrit be during sickle cell crisis

A

low

97
Q

how will WBC be during sickle cell crisis

A

high

98
Q

imaging for sickle cell

A

xray
CT
PET
MRI

99
Q

sickle cell pain management uses

A

morphine & hydromorphone
PCA
Hydroxyurea
Endari
Crizanlizumab
Hydration

100
Q

combination hormone drugs for contraceptive may increase what in sickle cell pts

A

clotting

101
Q

hemoblobin less than 13.5 in men indicaress

A

anemia

102
Q

hemoglobin less than 12 in women indicates

A

anemia

103
Q

how would heart rate be after meal and activity in pt with anemia

A

continuous and rapid

104
Q

most common type of anemia

A

lack of iron

105
Q

pernicious anemia is a deficiency of

A

vitamin b12

106
Q

rare life threatening anemia from not enough RBCs

A

aplastic anemia

107
Q

how to treat iron deficiency anemia

A

increase oral intake of iron

108
Q

how to treat pernicious anemia

A

increase vitamin b12 intake

109
Q

aplastic anemia treatment

A

blood transfusions
immunosuppressive therapy

concept 3 (17 decks)

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