MedSurg: Electrolyte Connections: Causes

Question 1

Addison’s Disease can lead to _________?

Answer 1

Hypermagnesemia

Hyponatremia

Question 2

Chronic alcoholism can lead to ________?

Answer 2

Hypomagnesemia

Hypocalcemia

Question 3

Too much NG output can lead to _______?

Answer 3

Hypomagnesemia, Hyponatremia

Question 4

Chemotherapy can lead to _______?

Answer 4

Hyperphosphatemia

Question 5

Too much Mrs. Dash can lead to _______?

Answer 5

Hyperkalemia

Question 6

Renal failure can lead to ______?

Answer 6

Hyperkalemia, Fluid Volume Excess or Deficit, Hypercalcemia, Hypernatremia, Hypermagnesemia, Hyperphosphatemia

Question 7

Hyperaldosteronism can lead to _______?

Answer 7

Hypernatremia
Hypomagnesemia
Hypokalemia

Question 8

Vomiting and Diarrhea can lead to ______?

Answer 8

Hypokalemia
Hyponatremia
Hypomagnesemia
Hypocalcemia (diarrhea, specifically)

Question 9

Alcohol withdrawal can lead to

Answer 9

Hypophosphatemia
(Creates a high phosphorus demand by cells - has to do with carbohydrates given to malnourished alcoholics while withdrawing)

Question 10

Too many phosphorus-based laxatives and enemas can lead to

Answer 10

Hyperphosphatemia

Question 11

Too much dairy or vitamin D can lead to

Answer 11

Hyperphosphatemia

Hypercalcemia

Question 12

Cancer with bone metastasis can lead to

Answer 12

Hypercalcemia

Question 13

Too much glucose administration can lead to

Answer 13

Hypophosphatemia

Question 14

Hypoparathyroidism can lead to

Answer 14

Hypocalcemia

Question 15

Cushing’s syndrome can lead to

Answer 15

Hypernatremia

Hypokalemia

Question 16

Fístulas can lead to

Answer 16

Hypokalemia

Question 17

Long-term stress/epinephrine release can lead to

Answer 17

Hypokalemia

K+ moves with epinephrine into the cell

Question 18

Lots of wound or burn drainage can lead to

Answer 18

Hyponatremia

Lots of sodium in wound drainage

Question 19

Magnesium deficiency can lead to

Answer 19

Hypocalcemia

Question 20

Hypomagnesemia resembles

Answer 20

Hypocalcemia

Question 21

Too much phosphorus can lead to

Answer 21

Hypocalcemia

Question 22

Calcium Gluconate must be given _____ (IV or IM)?

Answer 22

IV

IM will destroy muscle tissue

Question 23

Potassium-sparing diuretic use can lead to

Answer 23

Hyperkalemia

Question 24

ACE inhibitor use can lead to

Answer 24

Hyperkalemia
(Angiotensin is never produced, which means that Aldosterone is never produced, which means that potassium isn’t released from body)

Question 25

IV insulin administration can lead to

Answer 25

Hypokalemia | Insulin facilitates the movement of potassium into the cell

Question 26

Excessive sweating can lead to

Answer 26

Hypokalemia | Hypernatremia (Na is lost in sweat, but not as much as water, so the relative concentration of salt rises)

Question 27

Too many hypotonic fluids can lead to

Answer 27

Hyponatremia | Probably Fluid Volume Excess

Question 28

Uncontrolled Diabetes can lead to

Answer 28

Hypernatremia (polyuria) | Hypomagnesemia

Question 29

Hyperparathyroidism can lead to

Answer 29

Hypercalcemia

Question 30

Prolonged NG suction can lead to

Answer 30

Hypokalemia Hyponatremia Hypomagnesemia

Question 31

Too many diuretics can lead to

Answer 31

Hypokalemia Hypomagnesemia Hypocalcemia (Loop diuretics only) Hypercalcemia (Thiazide diuretics only) Hyperkalemia (potassium-sparing diuretics)

Question 32

Prolonged immobility can lead to

Answer 32

Hypercalcemia | Not enough OPG to put calcium back on bone

Question 33

SIADH can lead to

Answer 33

Hyponatremia | Due to abnormal retention of water

Question 34

DKA recovery is associated with

Answer 34

Hypophosphatemia