MedSurg: Electrolyte Connections: Causes Flashcards

1
Q

Addison’s Disease can lead to _________?

A

Hypermagnesemia

Hyponatremia

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2
Q

Chronic alcoholism can lead to ________?

A

Hypomagnesemia

Hypocalcemia

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3
Q

Too much NG output can lead to _______?

A

Hypomagnesemia, Hyponatremia

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4
Q

Chemotherapy can lead to _______?

A

Hyperphosphatemia

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5
Q

Too much Mrs. Dash can lead to _______?

A

Hyperkalemia

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6
Q

Renal failure can lead to ______?

A

Hyperkalemia, Fluid Volume Excess or Deficit, Hypercalcemia, Hypernatremia, Hypermagnesemia, Hyperphosphatemia

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7
Q

Hyperaldosteronism can lead to _______?

A

Hypernatremia
Hypomagnesemia
Hypokalemia

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8
Q

Vomiting and Diarrhea can lead to ______?

A

Hypokalemia
Hyponatremia
Hypomagnesemia
Hypocalcemia (diarrhea, specifically)

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9
Q

Alcohol withdrawal can lead to

A

Hypophosphatemia
(Creates a high phosphorus demand by cells - has to do with carbohydrates given to malnourished alcoholics while withdrawing)

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10
Q

Too many phosphorus-based laxatives and enemas can lead to

A

Hyperphosphatemia

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11
Q

Too much dairy or vitamin D can lead to

A

Hyperphosphatemia

Hypercalcemia

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12
Q

Cancer with bone metastasis can lead to

A

Hypercalcemia

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13
Q

Too much glucose administration can lead to

A

Hypophosphatemia

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14
Q

Hypoparathyroidism can lead to

A

Hypocalcemia

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15
Q

Cushing’s syndrome can lead to

A

Hypernatremia

Hypokalemia

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16
Q

Fístulas can lead to

A

Hypokalemia

17
Q

Long-term stress/epinephrine release can lead to

A

Hypokalemia

K+ moves with epinephrine into the cell

18
Q

Lots of wound or burn drainage can lead to

A

Hyponatremia

Lots of sodium in wound drainage

19
Q

Magnesium deficiency can lead to

A

Hypocalcemia

20
Q

Hypomagnesemia resembles

A

Hypocalcemia

21
Q

Too much phosphorus can lead to

A

Hypocalcemia

22
Q

Calcium Gluconate must be given _____ (IV or IM)?

A

IV

IM will destroy muscle tissue

23
Q

Potassium-sparing diuretic use can lead to

A

Hyperkalemia

24
Q

ACE inhibitor use can lead to

A

Hyperkalemia
(Angiotensin is never produced, which means that Aldosterone is never produced, which means that potassium isn’t released from body)

25
Q

IV insulin administration can lead to

A

Hypokalemia

Insulin facilitates the movement of potassium into the cell

26
Q

Excessive sweating can lead to

A

Hypokalemia

Hypernatremia (Na is lost in sweat, but not as much as water, so the relative concentration of salt rises)

27
Q

Too many hypotonic fluids can lead to

A

Hyponatremia

Probably Fluid Volume Excess

28
Q

Uncontrolled Diabetes can lead to

A

Hypernatremia (polyuria)

Hypomagnesemia

29
Q

Hyperparathyroidism can lead to

A

Hypercalcemia

30
Q

Prolonged NG suction can lead to

A

Hypokalemia
Hyponatremia
Hypomagnesemia

31
Q

Too many diuretics can lead to

A

Hypokalemia
Hypomagnesemia

Hypocalcemia (Loop diuretics only)
Hypercalcemia (Thiazide diuretics only)
Hyperkalemia (potassium-sparing diuretics)

32
Q

Prolonged immobility can lead to

A

Hypercalcemia

Not enough OPG to put calcium back on bone

33
Q

SIADH can lead to

A

Hyponatremia

Due to abnormal retention of water

34
Q

DKA recovery is associated with

A

Hypophosphatemia