Medieval Period/Middle Ages and Latin West and Renaissance Flashcards
Feudal System
people give land in exchange for military service
Noble/Lord
powerful, gets king to sign Magna Carta.
Investiture Controversy
fight between Pope and Kings over who appoints bishops in realm of Kings ( decided as Worms that Pope will)
Simony
making profit from religious things, giving of money at church
Crucades
Byzantine Empire, council of Clairamond: asks Pope Urban the 2nd for help, 15 years after schism, meeting saying that Christians should rule holy land instead of Muslims
1) gives common enemy so little providences stop fighting
2) younger brothers have opportunity to get land
3) trade oppertunities
Charlemagne
unites entire Latin West for only one time, after dies it splits, rules with pope (religion and politics ties)
Pope Urban 2nd
asked by king of Byzantine Empire to help, starts crucades
Canon Law
laws made that Christian figures have to follow in the church
Venice
wealthy trade port city, involved in Crusades, exported tiles and competed with London in selling and updating them
Black Death
ends feudal system, kills many, serfs now go to cities and have opportunity to move up in social and economic system
Hanseatic League
league of merchants protecting their rights and boundaries
Guilds
specialized groups that helped with the economical and political interests of a profession
Medici Family
Jewish merchant bankers who would pay interest and started the art movement of the time
Renaissance
movement of culture and artwork
Universities
enabled for specialization interest, all Latin speaking, now non-religious people can be educated
Scholasticism
scholars of theology and those who studied it and applied it (even to the church!)
Humanists
scholars of language, literature, history
Vernacular
language of commoners, eventually printed books in this causing more peasants to become literate, scholars only used Latin
Shakespeare
poet and writer of the time whose works are still loved since they were printed and spread throughout the west by the printing press
Great Western Schism
between Phillip the Fair and Pope Boniface, 2 popes (french and italian), then goes back to pope being housed in Rome
Magna Carta
says king is not above the law
Hundred Years War
France vs England over who gets to rule France, Joann of Arc burned at stake
New Monarchies
rulers over nations making gov more centralized
Johann Gutenberg
makes Gutenberg Bible which is first book to be published, makes printing press off of Chinese moveable type ideaology
Printing Press
made by Gutenberg, not lit to vast novels, writing in vernacular so commoners more literate,
Leonardo da Vinci
painted the Mona Lisa, great Western European artist
Michelangelo
great artist of his time who painted the Sistine Chapel
Age of Exploration/Maritime Revolution
with crusade interactions with middle east and exchange of cultures people wish to travel as a pastime not as a nessecity