Medieval Period/Middle Ages and Latin West and Renaissance

Question 1

Feudal System

Answer 1

people give land in exchange for military service

Question 2

Noble/Lord

Answer 2

powerful, gets king to sign Magna Carta.

Question 3

Investiture Controversy

Answer 3

fight between Pope and Kings over who appoints bishops in realm of Kings ( decided as Worms that Pope will)

Question 4

Simony

Answer 4

making profit from religious things, giving of money at church

Question 5

Crucades

Answer 5

Byzantine Empire, council of Clairamond: asks Pope Urban the 2nd for help, 15 years after schism, meeting saying that Christians should rule holy land instead of Muslims

1) gives common enemy so little providences stop fighting
2) younger brothers have opportunity to get land
3) trade oppertunities

Question 6

Charlemagne

Answer 6

unites entire Latin West for only one time, after dies it splits, rules with pope (religion and politics ties)

Question 7

Pope Urban 2nd

Answer 7

asked by king of Byzantine Empire to help, starts crucades

Question 8

Canon Law

Answer 8

laws made that Christian figures have to follow in the church

Question 9

Venice

Answer 9

wealthy trade port city, involved in Crusades, exported tiles and competed with London in selling and updating them

Question 10

Black Death

Answer 10

ends feudal system, kills many, serfs now go to cities and have opportunity to move up in social and economic system

Question 11

Hanseatic League

Answer 11

league of merchants protecting their rights and boundaries

Question 12

Guilds

Answer 12

specialized groups that helped with the economical and political interests of a profession

Question 13

Medici Family

Answer 13

Jewish merchant bankers who would pay interest and started the art movement of the time

Question 14

Renaissance

Answer 14

movement of culture and artwork

Question 15

Universities

Answer 15

enabled for specialization interest, all Latin speaking, now non-religious people can be educated

Question 16

Scholasticism

Answer 16

scholars of theology and those who studied it and applied it (even to the church!)

Question 17

Humanists

Answer 17

scholars of language, literature, history

Question 18

Vernacular

Answer 18

language of commoners, eventually printed books in this causing more peasants to become literate, scholars only used Latin

Question 19

Shakespeare

Answer 19

poet and writer of the time whose works are still loved since they were printed and spread throughout the west by the printing press

Question 20

Great Western Schism

Answer 20

between Phillip the Fair and Pope Boniface, 2 popes (french and italian), then goes back to pope being housed in Rome

Question 21

Magna Carta

Answer 21

says king is not above the law

Question 22

Hundred Years War

Answer 22

France vs England over who gets to rule France, Joann of Arc burned at stake

Question 23

New Monarchies

Answer 23

rulers over nations making gov more centralized

Question 24

Johann Gutenberg

Answer 24

makes Gutenberg Bible which is first book to be published, makes printing press off of Chinese moveable type ideaology

Question 25

Printing Press

Answer 25

made by Gutenberg, not lit to vast novels, writing in vernacular so commoners more literate,

Question 26

Leonardo da Vinci

Answer 26

painted the Mona Lisa, great Western European artist

Question 27

Michelangelo

Answer 27

great artist of his time who painted the Sistine Chapel

Question 28

Age of Exploration/Maritime Revolution

Answer 28

with crusade interactions with middle east and exchange of cultures people wish to travel as a pastime not as a nessecity