Islamic Civs

Question 1

Arabian Peninsula

Answer 1

made up of mostly farmers and deserts

Question 2

Mecca

Answer 2

caravan city, well isolated from rivals, nomadic people there first

Question 3

Ka’ba

Answer 3

cubical shrine with idols inside, thought Abraham build it and it is on the spot where God asked him to sacrifice his son, Isaac

Question 4

Abraham

Answer 4

Jewish and Muslim text refer to him as a deciple of god. Thought to be creator of Islam.

Question 5

Muhammad

Answer 5

orphan in uncle’s care who married Khadija, a widow, and only his daughters survived. He meditated in the mountains near Mecca, and on “the night of power and excellence” angel Gabriel talked to him. Became leader of Muslim s: Messager of god

Question 6

Monotheism

Answer 6

the belief in one god

Question 7

Polytheism

Answer 7

the belief in many gods

Question 8

Five Pillars

Answer 8

1) one god and Muhammad is his messenger
2) pray 5 times a day
3) fast during Ramadan
4) praying alms
5) pilgrimage to Mecca once during life

Question 9

Allah

Answer 9

Muslim god, loving

Question 10

Islam-submission

Answer 10

becoming a Muslim means you are at the will of god

Question 11

Muslim

Answer 11

“submission to the will of god”

Question 12

Medina

Answer 12

Mohammad goes with followers because some of them prosecuted by Mecca’s leaders. Start of the hijra

Question 13

Hijra

Answer 13

the beginning of the muslim calendar

Question 14

Umma

Answer 14

community accepting of Muhammad as the ‘messenger of god’

Question 15

Caliphate/Caliph

Answer 15

successor to previous caliph who stood as a leader for the Muslims

Question 16

Dar al-Islam

Answer 16

“house of islam” the conquests that spread the religion geogriphically

Question 17

Quran

Answer 17

the holy book of Islam that is believed to be the word of god said to muhammad

Question 18

Umayyad Caliphate

Answer 18

started with Yazid, a caliph

Question 19

Ali

Answer 19

caliph who fought in the battle of the camel against his friends and muhammad’s wife. Eventually killed by Mu’awiya

Question 20

Abu Bakr

Answer 20

Muhammad’s father in law who was the first successor

Question 21

Shi’ites

Answer 21

believe Ali was the right heir to the prophet

Question 22

Sunnis

Answer 22

“people of tradition and community” believed that the caliphs after Muhammad were rightful heirs.

Question 23

Abbasid Caliphate

Answer 23

started after the Umayyad Empire fell and people converted to Islam. Persan-istic, mostly Islamic, contemporary government

Question 24

Harun al-Rashid’s “Golden Age”

Answer 24

4th caliph in Abbasid. inspired learning and science study in Muslims

Question 25

Hidjra

Answer 25

Mecca to Medina

Question 26

Hajj

Answer 26

Medina to Mecca