Medieval Medicine

Question 1

What was scientific knowledge like in medieval times

Answer 1

Very little

Question 2

What was public health like

Answer 2

No sanitation or sewers

Question 3

Belief behind cause of disease

Answer 3

Miasma

Question 4

When was Black Death

Answer 4

1348

Question 5

Biggest killers

Answer 5

War and famine

Question 6

% of children dead before 7

Answer 6

30

Question 7

Three people to see in medieval England when I’ll

Answer 7

Local wise woman, barber surgeon, uni trained doc

Question 8

Brief description of wise woman

Answer 8

Local woman who has skills passed through family

Question 9

Barber surgeon

Answer 9

Carry out minor surgeries trained as an apprenticeship by other barber surgeon

Question 10

Brief description of uni doc

Answer 10

7 years training without seeing a body, most advanced doctors

Question 11

Who created 4 humours

Answer 11

Hippocrates

Question 12

Who came first h or g

Answer 12

Hippocrates

Question 13

Who created theory of opposites

Answer 13

Galen

Question 14

Who did the church revolve their medical ideas around

Answer 14

H & G

Question 15

How did the church control medieval medicine

Answer 15

Provided public health and controlled schooling around medicine, also owned and ran All hospitals

Question 16

How did the church help medieval medicine

Answer 16

Provided care for ill, allowed h & g’s ideas to be studied and developed in the future

Question 17

How did the church limit progress of medieval medicine

Answer 17

Limited doctors ability to challenge h & g,many treatments where seen as prayer could cure them

Question 18

Beleifs of causes of disease in medieval medicine

Answer 18

God causes illness, supernatural ideas - astrology, in balance of the four humours, miasma

Question 19

Prevention/ treatment methods in medieval medicine

Answer 19

Praying(repenting sins through good acts) rational treatments such as bloodletting and purging, herbal remedies

Question 20

Key individuals in medieval surgery and what they did

Answer 20

John Bradmore- used honey and wine as antiseptic, wrote his methods in his books to communicate new techniques for other surgeons
Hugh and Theodoric of Lucca - Italian surgeons who questioned ideas of galen that pus was a sign wound was healings. Lucca experimented with herbal remedies as anaesthetics
barber surgeons

Question 21

Key individuals in Islam medicine medieval

Answer 21

Ibn sina, Al razi, and hunain Ibn shaq

Question 22

What did Al razi do

Answer 22

Helped plan building of hospital in modern day Iraq, first documented hospital in world
Hung meat in different parts of city and put hospital in place where meat took longest time to rot
Believed In importance of observation and seeking natural causes
First person to identify difference between small pox and measles
Wrote over 200 books which where translated into Latin to teach in Europe

Question 23

What did ibn sina do

Answer 23

Doctor and astronomer. Wrote many books. Most famous was cannon of medicine in 1025 - ideas about anatomy and human development. Being one of first doctors to build off galen ideas not just copy them.

Question 24

What where town conditions like

Answer 24

Romans built expensive public health systems, e.g. public toilets but destroyed them to destroy remembrance of Roman Empire. Caused serious consequences to town conditions in medieval period.

Question 25

How were toilets built in medieval times.

Answer 25

In London toilets built over bridges on Thames so disposed into river. Some Houses had toilets where waste was just disposed onto street below . Others just had a bucket (cess pits) and threw waste onto street. Waste being on street caused many problems such as disease

Question 26

How did butchers affect public health

Answer 26

Allowed to slaughter animals in towns and cities. Dump waste they didn’t sell on streets or river. Attracted rats which contributed to the Black Death

Question 27

When was Black Death

Answer 27

1348

Question 28

Thought to have split into diseases what where they

Answer 28

Bubonic plague - large swelling called buboes - spread by rats fatality rate - 30-60% pneumonic plague - spread through coughing and sneezing - mortality rate near 100%

Question 29

Beliefs on causes of Black Death

Answer 29

Miasma, four humours, god, jews, alinement of planets, contact with the infected. (sort of true)

Question 30

5 Preventions of Black Death

Answer 30

Whipped themselves to show their punishment to god. Prayer & pilgrimage Bloodletting Carry herbs to avoid smell of streets Herbal remedies avoiding the infected-quarantine carrying herbs

Question 31

Concequences of Black Death

Answer 31

Up to half of population was killed. No cures or treatments where found proved by when it broke out in 1665 they used Same treatments.

Question 32

what did doctors believe behind causes of disease

Answer 32

that stars alinement caused disease

Question 33

what did church believe behind causes of diease

Answer 33

disease was a punishment from God

Question 34

who was the zodiac man

Answer 34

gave information about each part of the body affected by planet and stars

Question 35

what was the hippocratic oath

Answer 35

an oath for doctors to make sure that the doctor means no harm towards their patients and treat the patient with respect

Question 36

what did Galen dissect and one problem of this

Answer 36

dissection on apes and pigs which led to incorrect assumptions about the body

Question 37

what was a problem about H&G

Answer 37

prevented progress as church taught going against them was a sin

Question 38

how did medieval hospitals prevent medieval progression

Answer 38

they cared instead of cured meaning that meaning that hospitals didn't find any new discoveries

Question 39

who were quacks

Answer 39

became more prominent during Renaissance however provided herbal remedies and often ripped people off

Question 40

what did hunain ibn shaq do

Answer 40

travelled in 9th century to collect ancient Greek text to translate into Arabic

Question 41

what was medieval surgery techniques and why were they used

Answer 41

surgery was a last resort, 2 methods that were used were trepanning, cauterisation

Question 42

what was trepanning

Answer 42

hole cut through patients head to remove evil spirits

Question 43

what was cauterisation

Answer 43

process used to stop bleeding by placing boiling hot iron on wound