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History > Medieval Medicine > Flashcards

Medieval Medicine Flashcards

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1
Q

What was scientific knowledge like in medieval times

A

Very little

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2
Q

What was public health like

A

No sanitation or sewers

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3
Q

Belief behind cause of disease

A

Miasma

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4
Q

When was Black Death

A

1348

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5
Q

Biggest killers

A

War and famine

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6
Q

% of children dead before 7

A

30

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7
Q

Three people to see in medieval England when I’ll

A

Local wise woman, barber surgeon, uni trained doc

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8
Q

Brief description of wise woman

A

Local woman who has skills passed through family

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9
Q

Barber surgeon

A

Carry out minor surgeries trained as an apprenticeship by other barber surgeon

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10
Q

Brief description of uni doc

A

7 years training without seeing a body, most advanced doctors

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11
Q

Who created 4 humours

A

Hippocrates

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12
Q

Who came first h or g

A

Hippocrates

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13
Q

Who created theory of opposites

A

Galen

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14
Q

Who did the church revolve their medical ideas around

A

H & G

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15
Q

How did the church control medieval medicine

A

Provided public health and controlled schooling around medicine, also owned and ran All hospitals

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16
Q

How did the church help medieval medicine

A

Provided care for ill, allowed h & g’s ideas to be studied and developed in the future

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17
Q

How did the church limit progress of medieval medicine

A

Limited doctors ability to challenge h & g,many treatments where seen as prayer could cure them

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18
Q

Beleifs of causes of disease in medieval medicine

A

God causes illness, supernatural ideas - astrology, in balance of the four humours, miasma

19
Q

Prevention/ treatment methods in medieval medicine

A

Praying(repenting sins through good acts) rational treatments such as bloodletting and purging, herbal remedies

20
Q

Key individuals in medieval surgery and what they did

A

John Bradmore- used honey and wine as antiseptic, wrote his methods in his books to communicate new techniques for other surgeons
Hugh and Theodoric of Lucca - Italian surgeons who questioned ideas of galen that pus was a sign wound was healings. Lucca experimented with herbal remedies as anaesthetics
barber surgeons

21
Q

Key individuals in Islam medicine medieval

A

Ibn sina, Al razi, and hunain Ibn shaq

22
Q

What did Al razi do

A

Helped plan building of hospital in modern day Iraq, first documented hospital in world
Hung meat in different parts of city and put hospital in place where meat took longest time to rot
Believed In importance of observation and seeking natural causes
First person to identify difference between small pox and measles
Wrote over 200 books which where translated into Latin to teach in Europe

23
Q

What did ibn sina do

A

Doctor and astronomer. Wrote many books. Most famous was cannon of medicine in 1025 - ideas about anatomy and human development. Being one of first doctors to build off galen ideas not just copy them.

24
Q

What where town conditions like

A

Romans built expensive public health systems, e.g. public toilets but destroyed them to destroy remembrance of Roman Empire. Caused serious consequences to town conditions in medieval period.

25
Q

How were toilets built in medieval times.

A

In London toilets built over bridges on Thames so disposed into river.
Some Houses had toilets where waste was just disposed onto street below .
Others just had a bucket (cess pits) and threw waste onto street.
Waste being on street caused many problems such as disease

26
Q

How did butchers affect public health

A

Allowed to slaughter animals in towns and cities. Dump waste they didn’t sell on streets or river. Attracted rats which contributed to the Black Death

27
Q

When was Black Death

A

1348

28
Q

Thought to have split into diseases what where they

A

Bubonic plague - large swelling called buboes - spread by rats fatality rate - 30-60%
pneumonic plague - spread through coughing and sneezing - mortality rate near 100%

29
Q

Beliefs on causes of Black Death

A

Miasma, four humours, god, jews, alinement of planets, contact with the infected. (sort of true)

30
Q

5 Preventions of Black Death

A

Whipped themselves to show their punishment to god.
Prayer & pilgrimage
Bloodletting
Carry herbs to avoid smell of streets
Herbal remedies
avoiding the infected-quarantine
carrying herbs

31
Q

Concequences of Black Death

A

Up to half of population was killed. No cures or treatments where found proved by when it broke out in 1665 they used Same treatments.

32
Q

what did doctors believe behind causes of disease

A

that stars alinement caused disease

33
Q

what did church believe behind causes of diease

A

disease was a punishment from God

34
Q

who was the zodiac man

A

gave information about each part of the body affected by planet and stars

35
Q

what was the hippocratic oath

A

an oath for doctors to make sure that the doctor means no harm towards their patients and treat the patient with respect

36
Q

what did Galen dissect and one problem of this

A

dissection on apes and pigs which led to incorrect assumptions about the body

37
Q

what was a problem about H&G

A

prevented progress as church taught going against them was a sin

38
Q

how did medieval hospitals prevent medieval progression

A

they cared instead of cured meaning that meaning that hospitals didn’t find any new discoveries

39
Q

who were quacks

A

became more prominent during Renaissance however provided herbal remedies and often ripped people off

40
Q

what did hunain ibn shaq do

A

travelled in 9th century to collect ancient Greek text to translate into Arabic

41
Q

what was medieval surgery techniques and why were they used

A

surgery was a last resort, 2 methods that were used were trepanning, cauterisation

42
Q

what was trepanning

A

hole cut through patients head to remove evil spirits

43
Q

what was cauterisation

A

process used to stop bleeding by placing boiling hot iron on wound

History (6 decks)

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