renaissance medicine Flashcards
who was versalius
italian- man who questioned galens ideas and began to disprove his ideas. doctors refused to challenge ideas of galen. dissected humans to learn about body and compare them to previously known pigs. known as the father of modern anatomy.
who was pare
french army surgeon who developed surgery by establishing techniques such as treating wound’s with soothing materials. created ligatures to stop bleeding however lack of knowledge over germ theory so often caused infection and designed prosthetic limbs.
who was william harvey and what did he do?
discovered and developed circulatory system proved by dissecting animals.
who was john hunter and what did he do
Scottish.
thought to leave deep wounds to nature as much as possible.
dissected bodies to gather information.
taught Edward Jenner and others, leading to the name of the father of surgery.
treatments in renaissance
bloodletting - letting a patient to bleed - balance of 4 humours
purging - being sick
herbal remedies - ( medicine from natural substances)
superstition and religious beliefs
what where ideas behind the cause of 1665 black death
same as 1348 black death - punishment from god, miasma from rotten waste, disease was spread from person to person. Also killed cats and dogs and contact with the dead
how did they treat the sick fro plague
praying, religious charms, herbal remedies, bloodletting, purging, cats and dogs killed, bonfires lit to remove smell
what where the attempts to prevent the spread of the plague
strong smelling herbs and flowers around house to prevent smelling bad air.
hold flowers to nose in public.
chew tobacco, fight off the bad smell with strong smell of tobacco
how did government act to black death 1665.
ordered days of prater and fasting o help the ill and repent their sins to god (god sent illness)
victims and families locked in houses for 40 days.
bonfires lit to take away bad smells.
animals banned from city as thought that they could have spread the disease.
events that attracted large crowds where banned.
similarities of black death 1348 and 1665
same beliefs behind the causes pf the disease such as punishment and god.
prevention in society was same - flowers to prevent bad smells
differences between black death 1348 and 1665
government had more developed and logical acts to prevent spread of black death. isolation and banned events which attracted large crowds.
fatality rate much lower in 1665 black death (1/5) to 1348 (1/2)
who is Mary Seacole and what did she do
born in Jamacia
helped ill soldiers in Crimean war
wrote a book called wonderful adventures of Mary Seacole
who was Edward Jenner and what did he do
concluded that cowpox prevented people from getting small pox, tested on little boy.
government made vaccination against small pox compulsory for children.
who was Florence nightingale and what did she do
woman who was neglected as nursing wasn’t seen as for women, helped patients in Crimean war and made certain conditions such as strict hygiene rules which became famous and demanded a hospital reform.
who where all the key individuals in renaissance period
Vesalius - questioned Galen and dissected humans.
Pare - treated wounds with soothing materials ( ligatures)
Harvey - circulatory system
John Hunter - leave wounds to nature and taught
Mary Seacole - Mixed female doctor who set up hotel to treat the injured
Florence nightingale - Crimean war - created new conditions for patients which became famous
Edward Jenner - small pox vaccine
what were the supernatural ideas during the renaissance
prayer - people remained very religious however often used other treatments alongside. less confessing of sins as protestant became more dominant. no more pilgrimage as Henry VI destroyed monasteries.
how did supernatural and natural ideas change during the renaissance
there was a move towards humanism which promoted a return to ancient Greek and Roman thinking, extending knowledge of the natural world rather than relying on religion.
what were the treatments during the renaissance
4 humours, herbal remedies picked by colour/ shape, E.g. yellow herbs were used to treat jaundice which turns the skin yellow. Also believed that the herbal remedies cured the disease which came from that country
what were cures during the renaissance
rubbing theory where illness could be transferred onto something else, e.g. rubbing wart onto vegetable transfers illness onto vegetable
who were quack doctors
claimed to give miracle medicine (scam)
who was Edward Jenner
created vaccine for small pox - deadly disease by giving patients small dose of cow pox.
Whats inoculation
when someone is deliberately infected with small dose of a disease to prevent disease
what is vaccination and how was it opposed for small pox
where a disease is prevented - opposition due to claimed to be unnatural and turn into cow but was proved to work and accepted
