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EMT > medications > Flashcards

medications Flashcards

1
Q

Another name for epinephrine

A

Adrenaline

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2
Q

Class of epinephrine

A

Sympathomimetic

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3
Q

MOA of epinephrine

A

Stimulates alpha 1, beta 1, and beta 2 receptors; vasoconstrictor and bronchodilator

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4
Q

Indications for epinephrine

A

Anaphylaxis

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5
Q

Contraindications of epinephrine

A

Hypersensitivity

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6
Q

Doses for epinephrine

A

0.3~0.5 mg 1:1000 IM/SQ, pediatric: 0.15 mg 1:2000 SQ

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7
Q

Onset and duration for epinephrine

A

5-10 minutes

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8
Q

Side effects and considerations of epinephrine

A

Side effects: headache, hypertension, angina, tachycardia, weakness
May assist with prescribed

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9
Q

Activated charcoal: other names and class

A

Other names: aqua, actidose

Class: absorbent and Antidote

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10
Q

MOA of activated charcoal

A

Absorbs ingested chemicals and excreted

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11
Q

Indications of activated charcoal

A

Toxic ingestion, medication overdoes

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12
Q

Contraindications for activated charcoal

A

Ingestion of acids, salts, coma, GI obstruction

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13
Q

Dose of activated charcoal

A

Adult is 1g/kg PO

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14
Q

Onset and duration of activated charcoal

A

Immediate, in GI tract

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15
Q

Considerations of activated charcoal

A

Pneumonia

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16
Q

Proventil and ventolin alternative names for

A

Albuterol

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17
Q

MOA for albuterol

A

Binds and stimulates beta 2 receptors, bronchodilation

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18
Q

Albutrol is a

A

Bronchodilator (beta 2 agonist)

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19
Q

Indications of albuterol

A

Bronchospasms with reversible obstructive airway disease, anaphylaxis

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20
Q

Contradictions of albuterol

A

Hypersensitivity

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21
Q

Dose for albuterol

A

Adult is 2.5 mg in 3 mL of NS IN 6-8 lpm in nebulizer, every 20 mins

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22
Q

Onset and duration for albuterol

A

Onset is 5-10 minutes

Duration 10-15

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23
Q

Side effects of albuterol

A

Palpitations, tachycardia, tremor, throat irritation hypertension, epistaxis, dizziness, apprehension, and restlessness

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24
Q

Considerations of albuterol

A

Use cation in people with tachycardia and that beta blockers may antagonize albuterol

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25
Q

Atrovent

A

Ipatropium bromide

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26
Q

Class of ipatropium bromide

A

Antagonizes the acetylcholine receptor on smooth muscle, bronchodilation, dries up secretions

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27
Q

 indications of ipatropium bromide

A

Bronchitis or Rhonchi, bronchospasm with PTSD

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28
Q

Dose and administration of ipatropium bromide

A

0.5 mg in 2.5 mL NS nebulized

29
Q

Max of 1 dose for __ but 3 doses for __

A

ipatropium bromide, albuterol

30
Q

Onset and duration

A

5-15 minutes, 4-6 hours

31
Q

Ipatropium bromide is only given with

32
Q

Cough, throat irritation, headache, dizzy, dry mouth, palpitations, productive cough are side effect of

A

ipatropium bromide

33
Q

Aspirin other names

A

Bayer, ecotrin, st Joseph’s

34
Q

Class of aspirin

A

Anti platelet agent , antipyretic, nonsterioidal anti inflammatory

35
Q

MOA of aspirin

A

Prevents formation of platelets from clotting

36
Q

Indications of aspirin

A

Unstable angina, acute MI, ACS (not for headaches and or fevers for EMT)

37
Q

Contraindications of aspirin

A

GI Bleeding, active ulcer, hemorrhage stroke, bleeding disorder

38
Q

Dose and administration of aspirin

A

81-324 mg tablets PO

39
Q

Onset and duration for aspirin

A

Onset is 15-30 minutes, duration is 4-6 hours

40
Q

Side effects of aspirin

A

Bronchospasm, increased bleeding, heartburn, stomach issues

41
Q

Aspirin has increased effects with

A

Anticoagulant

42
Q

Nitroglycerin class

A

Organic nitrate, vasodilator, antianginal agent

43
Q

MOA or nitroglycerin

A

Relaxes vascular smooth muscle, dilating peripheral arteries and veins, reduces preload, and decreases after load, lowers oxygen demand of heartv

44
Q

Indications for Nitroglycerin

A

Chest pain, MI

45
Q

Don’t give nitroglycerin if….

A

Hypotension (systolic below 90 or 100, drop of 30 mmHg below baseline), head injury, any ED medications

46
Q

Dose of Nitroglycerin

A

0.4 mg SL (max 3 doses)

47
Q

Effects of Nitroglycerin

A

Headache, tachycardia, hypotension, dry mouth, diaphoresis, stinging under tongue

48
Q

Narcan class

A

opioid antagonist

49
Q

Don’t use narcan if

A

Known hypersensitivity

50
Q

Dose for narcan

A

0.5-2 mg, 1 cc max per nostril, repeat in 5 minute intervals

51
Q

Onset and duration of narcan

A

Within 2 minutes, 20-60 minutes

52
Q

Side effects of narcan

A

Spontaneous respirations, tachycardia, hypertension, blurred vision, combativeness

53
Q

Glucagen is also known as

54
Q

Pancreatic hormone

55
Q

Converts liver glycogen to glucose

56
Q

Indications for glucagon

A

Hypoglycemia

57
Q

Contraindications of glucagon

A

Hypersensitivity, insulinoma

58
Q

Dose of glucagon

A

Adult 1 mg in 1 mL IM (max one dose)

59
Q

Onset and duration of glucagon

A

5-10 minutes, 60-90 minutes

60
Q

Side effects of glucagon

A

Hypoglycemia rebounding, tachycardia, hypotension, urticaria

61
Q

Considerations for glucagon

A

Power must be reconstituted, not a first choice for hypoglycemia

62
Q

Glutose 15 and insta glucose

63
Q

Class of glucose

A

Monosaccharide, carb

64
Q

MOA of glucose

A

After absorption from GI tract, glucose is distributed in tissues and increase in circulating blood sugar

65
Q

Indications for glucose

A

Hypoglycemia

66
Q

Patient unable to swallow or protect airway do not use

A

Glucose (oral glucose)

67
Q

Dose and administration of glucose

A

15-45 g PO

68
Q

Onset and duration glucose

A

10 minutes, depends on blood sugar level

69
Q

Side Effects of glucose

EMT (8 decks)

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