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Exam 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Prescribedinhalersandepinephrine
autoinjectorshaveasimilar
effectonpatientsinthattheycan:

A

Increase heart rate

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2
Q

Epinephrineisanexampleofadrug’s:

A

Generic name

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3
Q

Theclearplastictubingthatconnectsthe
fluidbagtoaneedleorcatheterinintravenous
therapyiscalledthe
______
set.

A

Administration

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4
Q

Crushingchestpaininapatientwitha
knownhistoryofheart
problemswouldbetreatedbyadministering:

A

Nitro

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5
Q

What are the 5 rights of administering drugs

A 
Do I have the right patient 
Is this the right medication 
Is this the right dose
Is this the right route
Is it the right time
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6
Q

Common side effects of inhalers

A

Higher heart rate and jitters

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7
Q

Examples of prescribed inhalers

A

Albuterol and levalbuterol

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8
Q

suspensionusedto

treatapoisoningoroverdoseinwhichthesubstancewasswallowed.

A

Activated charcoal

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9
Q

isadministeredtoa
consciouspatient(abletoswallow)withan
alteredmentalstateandahistoryof
diabetes.

A

Oral glucose

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10
Q

drugusedtotreatanypatientwhosemedicalor

traumaticconditioncauseshimtobehypoxicorindangerofbecominghypoxic.

A

Oxygen

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11
Q

Manypatientswithrecurrentchestpaincarry pills.

A

Nitro

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12
Q

EverydrugormedicationintheUnitedStatesis
listedinthe __ whichisacomprehensive
governmentpublication.

A

us Pharmacopoeia

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13
Q

Everydrughas__ orspecificsigns,symptoms,or

circumstancesunderwhichitisappropriatetoadministerittoapatient.

A

Indications

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14
Q

3 names of a drug

A

General
Chemical
Trade (brand)

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15
Q

Form of activated charcoal

A

Suspension

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16
Q

Side effects of nitro

A

Low blood pressure

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17
Q

Constrictsthebloodvesselsandrelaxesairway

passages, Increasedheartrateandbloodpressure

A

Epinephrine

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18
Q

Antidote for a patient who is unconscious and in respiratory failure from narcotic

A

Narcan

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19
Q

Bronchodilator inhaler enlarges…

A

Constructed breathing tubes

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20
Q

Nitroglycerin helps

A

Dilate coronary vessels

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21
Q

Epinephrine is a

A

Vasoconstrictor

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22
Q

What % of people have an ischemic stroke if they have 1 FAST SYMPTOM

A

70

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23
Q

Force protection medications…

A

Atropine auto injector

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24
Q

An example of a compressed powder or tablet is

A

Nitro

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25
Q

An example of a sublingual spray

A

Nitro

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26
Q

A parenteral route means

A

Bypassing the GI tract

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27
Q

What route makes it difficult to absorb a medication if bad circulation

A

Sublingual

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28
Q

If a medication is absorbed SL its absorbed by the

A

Vascular soft tissue

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29
Q

When giving a drug IN use a

A

Atomizer

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30
Q

Injected into bone marrow cavity

A

Intraosseous

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31
Q

What kind of patients have a difficult time eliminating medications

A

Geriatric

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32
Q

After giving a medications…

A

Reassess patient

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33
Q

Medication that may be prescribed to patient for dolly management of respiratory disease. Not used for emergency treatment

A

Advair

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34
Q

Insufficient flow of an IV can cause

A

Clots

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35
Q

Inspiration is a __ process

A

Active

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36
Q

Air pulled into lungs, diaphragm lowers and ribs move up and out

A

Inhalation

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37
Q

Breaths per minute for adult, school age child, and infant

A

12-20
18-30
30-60

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38
Q

First organ affected by hypoxia

A

Brain

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39
Q

No air into lungs, ominous in children is a

A

Silent chest

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40
Q

What kind of respirations are seen before respiratory arrest

A

Agonal

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41
Q

In children, with their airway they have…

A 
Larger tongue
Smaller trachea
Smaller airway
Less developed cricoid cartilage 
Heavy dependence on diaphragm
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42
Q

Bag valve ventilations for adult vs child

A

Adult is 10-12

Child is 12-20

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43
Q

Nonrebreather mask required __ breathing to pull oxygen into lungs

A

Adequate

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44
Q

What won’t vibe ventilation to a patient not breathing or inadequately

A

NBM

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45
Q

Effect of hyperventilating

A

Constricts blood vessels, elimination of more CO2

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46
Q

The pulse rates on adults will. __ when there is a lack of oxygen

A

Increase

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47
Q

__ pulse rates can indicate inadequate artificial ventilation in kids

A

Decreasing

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48
Q

In patients with difficult breathing observe…

A

Barrel chest, tripod position, altered mental status, work of breathing, pale or cyanosis skin, edema, noisy breathing

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49
Q

Crackles and rhonchi are in the

A

Lower airway

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50
Q

Do not put a __ in child’s mouth to examine airway because it can result in spasms or injury

A

Tongue depressor

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51
Q

Decreased heart rate can be a late sign of

A

Difficulty breathing

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52
Q

High pitched, air moving through narrow passage

A

Wheezing

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53
Q

What sound is Heard in inspiration and caused by fluid in alveoli or by opening of closed alveoli

A

CrackLes

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54
Q

Lower pitched, resembles snoring, caused by secretions in airway

A

Rhonci

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55
Q

Upper airway sound, high pitch, obstruction

A

Strider

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56
Q

CPAP is a __ procedure

A

Noninvasive

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57
Q

Blowing oxygen continuously at a low pressure into airway prevents

A

Alveoli rom collapsing

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58
Q

Can prevent fluid from entering alveoli in pulmonary edema

A

CPAP

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59
Q

Depressants are also known as

A

Barbiturates

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60
Q

Mixing ammonia and other chemicals can lead to an

A

Explosion

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61
Q

Never use CPAP in situations where

A

Artificial ventilations would be indicated

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62
Q

Don’t give CPAP if

A

Lack of normal respiratory rate, can’t sit up, hypotension, upper GI bleed

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63
Q

Side effects of CPAP

A

hypotension, pneumothorax, risk of aspiration, drying of corneas

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64
Q

Broad classification of chronic lung disease

A

COPD

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65
Q

Number one cause of COPD

A

Smoking

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66
Q

Bronchiole lining inflamed, excess mucus produced, clubbing digits

A

Chronic bronchitis

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67
Q

Pursed lip breathing, alveoli walls break down , lungs lose elasticity, CO2 trapped in lungs

A

Emphysema

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68
Q

In asthma what breathing phase is longer

A

Exhalation

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69
Q

Chronic disease with episodic exacerbations, bronchioles narrow and muscles overproduced

A

Asthma

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70
Q

Airway flow is restricted in 1 direction

A

Wheezing in asthma

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71
Q

Abnormal fluid accumulation in alveoli

A

Pulmonary edema

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72
Q

Pressure builds up in pulmonary capillaries and patient experiences dyspnea

A

Pulmonary edema

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73
Q

CHF patients often have

A

Pulmonary edema

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74
Q

Treatment of patients with Pulmonary edema

A

Keep legs in dependent position, CPAP, low sodium

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75
Q

Infection in the lungs, results from inhalation of microbes

A

Pneumonia

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76
Q

Rupture of a bleb, lung collapses without injury, decreased or absent lung sounds on injured lung side

A

Spontaneous pneumothorax

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77
Q

Tachycardia, JVD, hypotension, and smoking, tall or thin people are at higher risk

A

Spontaneous pneumothorax

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78
Q

CPAP contraindicated with

A

Spontaneous pneumothorax

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79
Q

Commonly caused by DVT

A

Pulmonary embolism

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80
Q

Blockage in blood supply to lungs

A

Pulmonary embolism

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81
Q

Common reasons for DVT

A

Laying down in same position for a long time, active cancer, limb immobilized

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82
Q

Signs of pulmonary embolism

A

Breathing worsens in and out, swelling in leg, hypotension, tachycardia, tachypnea

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83
Q

Primary result of childhood vaccination against haemophilus influenza type B

A

Epiglottitis

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84
Q

Infection causing swelling around and above epiglottis, common with children

A

Epiglottitis

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85
Q

Caused by group of viral illnesses, inflammation of larynx, trachea, and bronchi

A

Croup

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86
Q

Tissues in upper airway become swollen, loud barking cough, inspiratory strider

A

Croup

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87
Q

Croup common in ages

A

6 months to 4 years

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88
Q

Broncholitis is common in the

A

Fall and winter

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89
Q

Small airways inflames because of viral infection

A

Bronchiolitis

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90
Q

Most common cause of bronchiolitis

A

Respiratory syntactical virus (RSV) kids less than 5

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91
Q

Half of people with CF are

A

18 and up

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92
Q

Genetic, appears during childhood, causes thick mucus in lungs and digestive system

A

CF

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93
Q

Viral respiratory infections are common in. ___ and symptoms can last. __

A

Adults, 1-2 weeks (influenza)

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94
Q

With viral respiratory infections what are treatment options

A

Oxygen with hypoxia and bronchodilator for wheezing, good hygiene

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95
Q

The prescribed inhaler is a

A

Metered dose

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96
Q

When giving prescribed inhaler, have patient exhale deeply and hold breath for ___ . Wait ___ between administration

A

5-10 seconds, 15-30 seconds

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97
Q

Small volume nebulizer is a

A

Metered dose

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98
Q

Produced continuous flow of aerosolized medication that can be taken during multiple breaths

A

Small volume neb

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99
Q

Hold breath for __ with nebulizer

A

2-3 sec

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100
Q

First line agent to treat bronchoconstiction

A

Duo neb

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101
Q

Dilates bronchioles passageways by engaging beta receptors with sympathetic NS

A

Albuterol

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102
Q

Blocs bronchoconstriction associated with parasympathetic NS

A

Ipatropium bromide

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103
Q

What numbers are concerning with tachycardia and bradycardia

A

150, 50

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104
Q

Inaninfantorachild,bradycardiaisasignof:

A

Respiratory failure

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105
Q

Aconditionininfantsandsmallchildreninwhichthemovement
ofthediaphragmcausesthechestandabdomentomovein
oppositedirectionsiscalled:

A

Seesaw breathing

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106
Q 
Allofthefollowingarecontraindicationsfor
CPAPuseEXCEPT:
A. tachycardia.
B. chesttrauma.
C. hypotension.
D. poormaskseal.
A

A

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107
Q

muscularstructurethatdividesthechest

cavityfromtheabdominalcavity.

A

Diaphragm

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108
Q

patientwhousesseveralpillowstoprophimselfupwhensleepingmaybe
sufferingfrom .

A

Pulmonary edema

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109
Q

Blockageduetonarrowingofthebronchithatleadfromthetracheatothelungsis
knownas .

A

Bronchoconstriction

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110
Q

Shortness of breath

A

Dysnpnea

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111
Q

patient meets nitroglycerin criteria, the maximum number of doses that
can be administered is:

A

3

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112
Q 
Which of the following is NOT a sign of congestive heart failure?
A. Jugular vein distention
B. Crackles
C. Urticaria
D. Pulmonary edema
A

C

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113
Q

malfunction of the heart’s electrical system will generally result in a(n

A

Dysrhythmia

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114
Q

contraindication for the administration of

nitroglycerin?

A

Viagra taken

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115
Q

Patients suffering from an occlusion or narrowing of the coronary arteries suffer from
______

A

CAD

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116
Q

first organ perfused by oxygenated blood leaving the heart is the:

A

Heart

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117
Q

The V1 lead for a 12-lead E C G is placed:
A. in the 5th intercostal space at the mid-clavicular line.
B. in the 5th intercostal space on the anterior axillary line.
C. at the level of the 4th intercostal space just to the right of the sternum.
D. at the level of the 4th intercostal space just to the left of the sternum.

A

C

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118
Q

The blocking of a coronary artery by the formation of a

thrombus or by an embolism is known as

A

Acute MI

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119
Q

two most common sites of aneurysms that you will

encounter in emergency situations are the:

A

Aorta and brain

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120
Q

The blanket term that refers to any time the blood supply to the cells of the heart is
blocked or disrupted is ___________________ ___________________ .

A

Cardiac compromise (ACS)

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121
Q

pulse rate slower than 60 beats per minute is

A

Bradycardia

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122
Q

pulse rate faster than 100 beats per minute is

A

Tachycardia

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123
Q

Most heart problems in infants and small children are ___________________ in
nature.

A

Congenital

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124
Q

With coronary artery disease, the amount of blood passing through the artery is

A

Reduced

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125
Q

Angina pectoris, literally “a pain in the chest,” is most often brought on by

A

Stress and exertion

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126
Q

The condition that occurs when the heart is unable to pump blood with normal
efficiency is called ___________________ ___________________ .

A

Heart failure

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127
Q

Nitroglycerin should only be administered if the patient’s systolic blood pressure is
above ___________________ .

A

90

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128
Q

A clot formed of blood and plaque attached to the inner wall of an
artery or vein

A

Thrombus

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129
Q

Dilation of a weakened section of an arterial wall

A

Aneurysm

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130
Q

Moving blood clot or plaque that broke loose from an artery wall

A

Embolism

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131
Q

Condition in which part of the heart muscle dies from oxygen

starvation

A

Acute MI

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132
Q

Blockage, as of an artery by fatty deposits

A

Occlusion

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133
Q

Pain in the chest due to reduced supply of blood and oxygen

to a portion of the heart muscle

A

Angina

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134
Q

Acute coronary syndrome, __ BP and __ heart rate

A

Increased

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135
Q

Hypoxia condition of the heart

A

Ischemia

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136
Q

Chest discomfort that radiates to jaw neck shoulders abdomen, dyspnea common in older people and women, irregular pulse

A

ACS

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137
Q

Grabbing clutching chest is

A

Levine sign

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138
Q

Look for __ in physical exam of ACS

A

Acute pulmonary edema, fluid on left side, swollen ankles and feet on right side

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139
Q

12 lead ECG measures the

A

Anterior part of the heart, last thing to change during heart attack

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140
Q

If ECG is normal with chest pains give

A

Aspirin

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141
Q

Order of medications for chest pain

A

Oxygen
Aspirin
Nitro

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142
Q

Max dose of aspirin

A

325 mg PO

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143
Q

Don’t give aspirin if

A

GI bleed, blood thinners, allergic, aspiration risk

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144
Q

You can __ with nitro if prescribed

A

Assist

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145
Q

Viagra is a

A

Vasodilator

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146
Q

After giving a dose of nitro, reassess and repeat dose in __ if partial relief

A

5 minutes

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147
Q

Risk factors of coronary artery disease

A

Hereditary, hypertension, obesity’s increase blood cholesterol, smoking

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148
Q

Insufficient flow to myocardium

A

Angina

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149
Q

If pain exerts itself and stops once rested, it is known as

A

Stable angina

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150
Q

Nitro __ blood vessels

A

Dilates

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151
Q

Hardened plaque can cause aneurysm of a blood vessel

A

Acute MI

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152
Q

Acute MI can cause

A

Ischemia, dysrhythmias, carcinogenic shock

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153
Q

Disrupts electrical function of heart

A

Ischemia

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154
Q

Right sided heart failure include

A

Pressure build up in right atrium and SVC
jvd
Pedal edema
Abdomen swelling

155
Q

Left sided heart failure

A

Pressure build up in pet atrium and pulmonary vein
Fluid leaks into alveoli
Impaired gas exchange
Pulmonary edema

156
Q

Look for ____ with heart failure and acute pulmonary edema

A

Edema, crackles, swelling in as stomach, JVD, pink frothy sputum

157
Q

Bursting of an aneurysm can cause

A

Internal bleeding

158
Q

Normal BP by AHA

A

110/70

159
Q

Arrhythmias to worry about

A

Ventricular fib and tach

160
Q

Sodium and potassium in the heart make the heart

A

Squeeze

161
Q

Sodium in heart regulated by

A

Insulin

162
Q

Pulseless electrical activity indicates

A

Mechanical failure

163
Q

Are all examples of ___ heart failure: loss of normal heart structure, MI, chronic hypertension, loss of valve function

A

Mechanical

164
Q

Electrical dysfunction of the heart include

A

Asystole, unusually slow or fast rhythm, v fib and v tach

165
Q

Complete failure of electrical system

A

Asystole

166
Q

Abrupt onset of dysrhythmia, oxygen levels normal in beginning

A

Sudden cardiac arrest

167
Q

Acute blunt trauma to chest

A

Commotion cordis

168
Q

Heart stopped pumping due to systemic hypoxia , low oxygen levels

A

Asphyxial cardiac arrest

169
Q

Primal reflex during cardiac arrest

A

Agonal respiratiojsn

170
Q

Cardiac arrests in children are usually

A

Asphyxia

171
Q

Cardiac arrest in children caused by

A

Respiratory problem, choking

172
Q

SUIDS has an __

A

Unknown cause

173
Q

Accidental suffocation and strangulation can result in

A

SIDS

174
Q

Late sign of heart failure

A

Pink frothy sputum

175
Q

Increases temperature is a sign of

A

Pericarditis

176
Q

Cardiac slowdown and sleep apnea signs of

A

SUIDS

177
Q

Unless rigor mortis, provide __ in SUIDS

A

Resuscitation

178
Q

Handplacement of CPR

A

Lower third of patients sternum

179
Q

CPR With one rescuer and 2 rescuer infant

A

1 rescuer= 2 finger chest

2 = thumbs around chest

180
Q

5 elements of improving cardiac arrest survival

A
  1. Recognition and activation of ERS
  2. Immediate high quality CPR
  3. Rapid defibrillation
  4. BAsic and advanced Ems
  5. ALS and post arrest care
181
Q

CPR maintains

A

Cerebral and coronary perfusion pressures

182
Q

Concerned with what with narcan

A

Breathing

183
Q

Range of blood glucose

A

70-110

184
Q

Compression depth in adults and infants

A

2 inch, 1.5 or 1/3 diameter

185
Q

Elbows should be _ during CPR

A

Locked

186
Q

Pivot point to __ in CPR

A

Waits

187
Q

Compressions __ CPR

A

100-120 per minute, aim for compression fraction above 90%

188
Q

Ventilations in CPR for pediatrics with 2 rescuers

A

15:2

189
Q

Mechanical CPR device

A

LUCASCPR

190
Q

Sends single shock from negative pad to positive pad

A

Monophasic AED

191
Q

Sends shock in one direction and then other

A

Biphasic AED

192
Q

Triangle of life consists of

A

Compressions, attached AED, and airway management and ventilations

193
Q

Swelling in upper airway

A

Angioedema

194
Q

It alone while providing compressions, for adults __ for children __

A

attach AED first then adult compressions

Begin CPR then attach AED for kids

195
Q

Check pulse every __ if resuscitation is successful

A

30 seconds

196
Q

Once you start resuscitation you continue until

A

Spontaneous circulation occurs, too exhausted, cease resuscitation order, turn care over

197
Q

Croup can lead to

A

Epligollistis

198
Q

Cardiac arrest for hypothermia and submersion injuries…

A

Attempt defibrillation and wait again until core temp is 86 before attempting again

199
Q

The most important component of successful C P R implementation is:

A

Quality compressions

200
Q

The first step in assessing a patient in cardiac arrest is to:

A

Verify pulselessness and apnea

201
Q 
If a patient has an artificial pacemaker, it is usually visible as a lump:
A. above the sternum.
B. below the sternum.
C. above a clavicle.
D. below a clavicle.
A

D

202
Q

Pediatric defibrillator pads should be used for defibrillation of
any child who is less than: A. 13 years old. B. 6 years old. C. 10 years old. D. 8 years old.

A

D

203
Q 
Allthefollowingaresignsorsymptomscommonlyassociatedwitha
diabeticemergencyEXCEPT:
A. anelevatedheartrate.
B. combativeness.
C. seizures.
D. hot,dryskin.
A

D

204
Q 
GlucoseisadministeredbytheEMTintheformofa:
A. tablet.
B. liquidforinjection.
C. nasalspray.
D. gel.
A

D

205
Q

Thetypeofdiabetesthatrequiresapatienttoinjectsupplementaldosesof
syntheticinsulinis:

A

Type 1

206
Q

Ifapatientdrinkslargeamountsofwater,has
acetonebreath,andhas
warmskin,youwouldsuspect:

A

Hyperglycemia

207
Q

Themostcommoncauseofseizuresininfants
andchildrensixmonthsto
threeyearsofageis:

A

Hugh fever

208
Q 
Theconditioninwhichapersonhasatemporarylossofconsciousnesswith
spontaneousrecoveryiscalled
A. atrophy.
B. syncope.
C. unresponsiveness.
D. dizziness.
A

B

209
Q 
Thetypeofseizurecharacterizedbyunconsciousnessandmajormotor
activityiscalled:
A. complexpartialseizure.
B. focalsensoryseizure.
C. Jacksonianseizure.
D. tonic-clonicseizure.
A

D

210
Q

Thephaseofatonic clonicseizureinwhichthebodyjerksaboutviolentlyisthe:

A

Clonic

211
Q 
Theconditioninwhichastrokeseverelylimitsapatient’sabilitytousewordsis
called:
A. ischemia.
B. dyspnea.
C. aphasia.
D. syncope.
A

C

212
Q 
Afterconvulsionshaveceased,apatientwithaseizuredisordershouldbe
transported:
A. inaproneposition.
B. ontheirside.
C. withfeetelevated.
D. inatripodposition.
A

B

213
Q

Bloodsugarcannotpassfromthebloodstreamintothebody’scellswithout

A

Insulin

214
Q

Themostcommonmedicalemergencyforpatientwhoisdiabeticisacondition
called

A

Hypoglycemia

215
Q

oftenbecontrolledwithoutsupplemental

insulinthroughsuperviseddietandoralmedication.

A

Type 2

216
Q

Twoormoreconvulsiveseizuresinaroworasingleseizurelasting10minutesor
moreisdefinedastheconditioncalled___________________

A

Status epilepticus

217
Q

Document level of consciousness or after meds in a patient with altered mental status every

A

5 minutes

218
Q

Diseases to impact pancreas

A

Alcoholism

219
Q

Insulin acts as a

A

Gateway

220
Q

Glucose is large and cannot pass through cell withou

A

Insulin

221
Q

Pancreas secretes insulin when blood glucose exceeds

A

90

222
Q

Pancreatic cells don’t function properly, too little insulin

A

Type 1

223
Q

Need to be __ for oral glucose

A

A and o x 3

224
Q

Body’s fat cells fail to utilize insulin

A

Type 2

225
Q

Hypoglycemia caused by

A 
Too much insulin
Too little sugar intake
Increased metabolic rate
Vomiting
Overexertion
226
Q

Onset is __ in hypoglycemia

A

Rapid

227
Q

Treatment of hypoglycemia

A

Oral glucose

228
Q

Caused my insulin deficiency, infection, stress, increased dietary intake, slow onset

A

Hyperglycemia

229
Q

Increased urination is a sigh of

A

Hyperglycemia

230
Q

Build up of wastes and combined with dehydration

A

DKA ketoacidosis

231
Q

Signs of DKA

A 
Blood glucose around 400
Shock
Increased eating drinking and urination
Acetone odor 
Expel molecules through metabolic rate (coos mows rate- on exhalation)
232
Q

Continuous glucose meters can test every __ minutes by sensor under skin

A

5 minutez

233
Q

Less thank 60 mg/dL

Greater than 140 mg/dL

A

Hypoglycemia

Hyperglycemia

234
Q

Greater than 300 mg/dL

A

Dehydration

235
Q

Reading of high

Reading of low

A

500 mg/dL, 15 mg/dL

236
Q

Oral glucose only helps

A

Hypoglycemic people

237
Q

If normal respiratory rates but snoring use a

A

NPA

238
Q

Partial seizures affect

A

1 part of the brain

239
Q

Generalized seizures affect

A

All Brain and consciousness

240
Q

Steps of a tonic clonic seizure

A

Tonic
Clonic
Postictal

241
Q

Patients know, seizures proceeded by a sensation

A

Aura

242
Q

Most common cause of seizures in adults

A

Failure to take medications

243
Q

In heat stroke, what organ shuts off first

A

Kidney

244
Q

What is eclampsia

A

High blood pressure and excess protein in urine results in sezures in pregnant women or after giving birth

245
Q

If present during seizure…

A

Don’t try to hold patient still

If vagus nerve stimulator, family members apply magnet

246
Q

Abnormal behavior that includes looking like drunk, fidgeting, glassy stare, no loss of consciousness but no memory of episode

A

Complex partial sezuire

247
Q

Brief 10 second temporary loss of concentration of awareness, no motor activity

A

Absence (petit mal) seizure

248
Q

Generalized seizures are

A

Tonic clonic and absent

249
Q

BlockGs that occurs from clot or embolism obstructing artery

A

Ischemic stroke

250
Q

Bleeding from ruptured blood vessel in brain

A

Hemorrhage stroke

251
Q

Results from high blood pressure or weak area of artery bulges and ruptures

A

Hemorrhage stroke

252
Q

Hemiparesis

A

1 sided weakness

253
Q

Difficulty communicating

A

Aphasia

254
Q

Patient knows what they want to say but uses wrong words

A

Inexpressive aphasia

255
Q

Patient can understand you buy responses don’t make sense

A

Inreceptive aphasia

256
Q

Patient exhibits stroke signs that resolve in 24 hours

A

TIA

257
Q

Hypoxia period is short and no permanent damage in

A

TIA

258
Q

Use CPSS to assess for

A

TIA

259
Q

Patients criteria for clot busting drugs

A

Onset of stroke less than 3 hours prior
CT scan shows no hemorrhage
BP not hypertensive

260
Q

Greatest danger with syncope patient is

A

Falling

261
Q

During anaphylaxis, blood vessels

A

Blood vessels dilate rapidly causing hypotension

262
Q

On first exposure of allergic reaction

On second exposure

A

Antibodies form

Antibodies combine with allergen, release histamine

263
Q

What happens during spectrum of rxn during allergic rxn

A

Blood vessels dilate
Flushing of skin
Bronchoconstriction
Urticaria (hives)

264
Q

During allergic reaction, heart rate __ and __ BP

A

Increases, decreases

265
Q

Epinephrine does what for blood vessels and bronchioles

A

Constricts blood vessels and dilates bronchioles

266
Q

Doses for epi

A
  1. 3 mL adults

0. 15 mL kids

267
Q 
Signsandsymptomsofanallergicreactionincludeallofthe
followingEXCEPT:
A. itching.
B. pale,coldskin,.
C. decreasedbloodpressure.
D. wateryeyes.
A

B

268
Q

Anaphylaxisisdifferentiatedfromanallergic

reactionby

A

Respiratory distress

269
Q 
Whenadministeredasamedication,epinephrinewillaccomplishall
ofthefollowingEXCEPT:
A. constrictbloodvessels.
B. lowerbloodpressure.
C. dilatethebronchioles.
D. improveperfusion.
A

B

270
Q

Administrationofepinephrineneedstobe

carefullydocumentedBecause of effects on the

A

Heart

271
Q

Tomanageapatient’sairwayandbreathingduringanallergicreaction,anEMT
shouldapply___________________ -___________________ ___________________
througha___________________ ___________________ .

A

High concentration oxygen, Nonrebreather

272
Q

epinephrinewill___________________ blood

vesselsandimprovethe___________________ oftissues.

A

Constrict, perfusion

273
Q

A disease that may be passed from one person to another is:

A

Communicable

274
Q

A microbe that is not a cell and that has a protein coat or shell that encloses what it needs to reproduce is a:

A

Virus

275
Q

Microbes that can cause yeast infections are:

A

Fungi

276
Q

The time from exposure to the development of first symptoms is the:

A

Incubation period

277
Q 
During the local infection stage of sepsis, the body:
A. increases white blood cells.
B. produces lactic acid.
C. causes vasoconstriction.
D. decreases vascular permeability.
A

A

278
Q 
During septic shock, lactic acid and other chemicals accumulate
in the bloodstream, producing
\_\_\_\_\_\_
 and leaky capillaries.
A. vasoconstriction
B. bronchoconstriction
C. vasodilation
D. bronchodilation
A

C

279
Q

life-threatening condition that results from an abnormal and
counterproductive response by the body that causes damage to
tissues and organs is called:

A

Sepsis

280
Q

A problem involving the gastrointestinal system that can develop
into sepsis is:

A

Pancreatitis

281
Q

Causes of sepsis from lungs

A

Pneumonia

282
Q

A type of hepatitis spread by the fecal oral route is:

A

A

283
Q

Each year, an influenza vaccine is released that works against
______
that scientists believe will be most common that season.

A

Several viruses

284
Q 
Washing the exposure site is one of the postexposure actions for:
A. chickenpox.
B. pertussis.
C. croup.
D. H I V.
A

D

285
Q 
Antibiotics that used to be effective may no longer work
because of bacteria developing:
A. resistance.
B. virulence.
C. toxicity.
D. susceptibility.
A

A

286
Q

SIRS criteria

A

Temp lower than 96.8 and higher then 101
Heart rate over 90
Respiratory rate over 20
Systolic bp lower than 90

287
Q

Quick sepsis related organ failure assessment doesn’t

A

Predict if someone is septic, predicts if patient will die or has to stay in ICU

288
Q

__cause yeast infections, ___________________ can cause malaria, and
___________________ such as tapeworms live off the body without providing any benefit.

A

Fungi, Protozoa, parasites

289
Q

Rabies virus infection is almost always fatal if the virus enters the body through the
___________________ , most often from the bite of an infected animal.

A

Blood steam

290
Q

inflammation of the tissues surrounding the brain and spinal cord, is a
well-known cause of death.

A

Meningitis

291
Q

Patients with chickenpox are isolated to prevent spread of the disease until all of the
___________________ have dried and have crusts on them.

A

Lesions

292
Q

With measles, small white or bluish-white spots called ___________________ spots may
appear on the inside of the cheek.

A

Koplik

293
Q

disease caused by paramyxovirus that typically starts with vague
symptoms such as muscle aches, loss of appetite, and headache.

A

Mumps

294
Q

with hepatitis A may be asymptomatic, so they can spread the disease
easily and unknowingly.

A

Children

295
Q

Following H I V exposure, ___________________ in the form of antiviral
medication can be prescribed for 28 days.

A

PEP, POSTEXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS

296
Q

The incubation period for influenza ranges from ___________________ to ___________________ days
but is typically ___________________ days.

A

1-4, 2

297
Q

People with latent ___________________ confirmed by skin or blood testing will be put on one
or more antibiotics for 6–9 months.

A

Tuberculosis

298
Q

H P V causes genital warts and is the causative agent of ___________________ cancer in
women.

A

Cervical

299
Q

strength of the microbe in combating the body’s defenses.

A

Virulence

300
Q

The incubation period for hepatitis B is __

A

60-90 days

301
Q

TheannualnumberofpoisoningcasesintheUnitedStateseach
yearismorethan:

A

2 million

302
Q

Moderntreatmentofingestedpoisoningandoverdoseconsists
primarilyof: A. administrationofanantidote. B. preventionofabsorption. C. inducementofvomiting. D. dilutionofapoisonoussubstance.

A

B

303
Q

Themostfrequentvictimsofpoisoningare:

A

Children

304
Q

Ischemic stroke vitals

A

200/100 High bp (vasoconstriction), pulse and respiratory rate normal

305
Q

Hemorrhage stroke vitals

A

High BP, low pulse of 40, pulse fluctuates

306
Q

Number one cause of aneurysm

A

High bp

307
Q

treatingcasesofinhaledpoisons,thedrugoffirstchoiceis:
A. activatedcharcoal. B. syrupofipecac. C. glucose. D. oxygen.

A

D

308
Q

Allthefollowingaretypicalsignsandsymptomsofcarbonmonoxide

A. cherryredskin. B. cyanosis. C. nausea. D. alteredmentalstatus.

A

A

309
Q

Theprimarystepintreatingapatientwithabsorbedliquidpoisoning
is:
A. administrationofoxygen.
B. irrigationoftheskin.

C. neutralizationoftheacidoralkali. D. administrationofanantidote.

A

B

310
Q

Mind affectingdrugsthatactonthecentralnervous
systemtodistort
sensoryperceptionsareknownas:

A

Hallucinogens

311
Q

Whenapatienthasingestedapoison,provideventilationsthrougha(n)

A

Pocket face mask

312
Q

Theprincipalprehospitaltreatmentofinhaled

poisoningconsistsof

A

Maintain airway and support ventilation

313
Q

Alcohol affects the

A

CNS

314
Q

Thepatientsufferingfromalcoholwithdrawalmayexperienceseizures,or
.

A

Delirium tremens

315
Q

Cleaningfluid,glue,andmodelcementarecommonlyabused

A

Volatile chemicals

316
Q

Adult poisoning from

A

Accident or deliberate medication overdose

317
Q

Blown pupil affects

A

Pulse

318
Q

Pressure in head trauma results in

A

Projectile vomiting

319
Q

Works through absorption allowing substances to attach to its surface

A

Activated charcoal

320
Q

Contradictariona of activated charcoal

A

Can’t swallow, mental status altered, ingested acids or alkalis, active vomiting, or swallowed gas

321
Q

What used to be the preferred treatment for poisoning

A

Syrup of ipecac, induces vomit with one dose

322
Q

Dilution amount for adults and children

A 
Adults= drink 1-2 glasses of water or milk 
Child= drink. 1/2 to 1 glass
323
Q

Water may __ while milk may

A

Slow absorption, soothe stomach

324
Q

Acetaminophen poisoning effects

A

4-12 hours= loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting

1-2 days= right upper quadrant pain and jaundice

325
Q

Give antidote with acetaminophen positing in the first

A

12 hours

326
Q

Vasodilation __ BP

A

decreases

327
Q

A band around the head, headache is a symptom of

A

CO poisoning

328
Q

Always check the ¥¥ with ischemic stroke

A

Time since last normal

329
Q

Remove powder of an absorbed position by brushing it off and irrigating it with clean water for at least

A

20 minutes

330
Q

Any disease or condition that arises spontaneously or where cause is unknown

A

Idiopathic

331
Q

Stimulants such as cocaine or meth that affect the CNS and excite user

A

Uppers

332
Q

Depressants such as benzodiazepines that depress CNS

A

Downers

333
Q

Roofies or rohypnol are

A

Dormers

334
Q

GHB is a

A

Downer

335
Q

Georgia Home Boy or goop, produces sense of euphoria and hallucinations, causes reparatory depression

A

Downers, GHB

336
Q

Ecstasy is a

A

Hallucinogen

337
Q

CO if inhaled will cause

A

Prevents normal carrying of oxygen on red blood cells, hypoxia

338
Q

Painthatoriginatesinthewallsofthehollow

organsiscalled:

A

visceral

339
Q

Thin membrane lining the abdominal cavity and covering each organ

A

Peritoneum

340
Q

Attached to the abdominal wall

A

Parietal peritoneum

341
Q

Covers each organ

A

Visceral peritoneum

342
Q

Fewer nerve endings allow for only diffuse sensations of pain, dull or achy

A

Visceral pain

343
Q

Described as sharp, localized to a specific area, many nerve endings allow for pain that’s easier to locate

A

Parietal pain

344
Q

Painthatisfeltinaplaceotherthanwhereit

originatesiscalled:

A

Referred

345
Q 
Whichofthefollowingsignsindicatesinternalbleeding?
A. Greenishemesis
B. Sweetsmelltoemesis
C. Mucousinemesisandfeces
D. Coffee-ground-likeemesis
A

D

346
Q 
Whichtypeofmedicationcancausebleedinginthestomach?
A. Diabetesmedication
B. Aspirin
C. Epinephrine
D. Albuterol
A

B

347
Q

Whattermisusedtoindicatevoluntaryorinvoluntaryprotecting
oftheabdomentopreventfurtherpainuponpalpation?
A. Guarding
B. Reacting
C. Checking
D. Auscultation

A

A

348
Q 
Thebestpositioninwhichtoplaceaconsciouspatientwith
acuteabdominalpainis:
A. therecoveryposition.
B. prone.
C. apositionofcomfort.
D. guarded.
A

C

349
Q 
retroperitonealspacecontainswhichofthefollowing
organs?
A. Kidneys
B. Liver
C. Spleen
D. Gallbladder
A

A

350
Q

patientwithpainintherightlowerquadrant

(RLQ)ismostlikelysufferingfromwhichofthefollowing?

A

Appendicitis

351
Q

Tearingpainthatisfeltinthebackisasymptomofwhatseriousmedicalproblem?

A

Abdominal aortic aneurysm

352
Q

Severe flank pain suffering from

A

Renal colic

353
Q

Irritation of peritoneum, usually by foreign material, sensitive and especially to acidic substances

A

Peritonitis

354
Q

Hole in muscle layer of abdominal wall, allowing tissue or organs to protrude up against skin

A

Hernia

355
Q

Fertilized embryo implants outside the uterus

A

Ectopic pregnancy

356
Q

Older people have a __ ability to perceive pain

A

Decreased

357
Q

What quadrant is a position of comfort for airway protection

A

LLR

358
Q

Stay at least __ feet from psycho patient

A

3

359
Q

Tenth leading cause of death US

A

suicide

360
Q 
Themedicalconditionmostlikelytocausearapidonsetoferraticbehavior,
dizziness,andprofuseperspirationis:
A. lowbloodsugar.
B. lackofoxygen.
C. headtrauma.
D. stroke.
A

A

361
Q

Amedicalconditionthatcancloselymimicapsychiatricconditionis:
A. lowbloodsugar. B. depression. C. psychosis. D. catatonia.

A

A

362
Q

Intalkingwithabehavioralpatient,anEMTshouldtakeallofthefollowing
actionsEXCEPT: A. identifyinghimself. B. avoidingdirecteyecontact. C. beingashonestaspossible. D. standingatleastthreefeetfromthepatient.

A

B

363
Q

highestsuiciderateshavebeenfoundinpeople

ages:

A

15-25

364
Q

Patientswhohavebeenimproperlyrestrained
maydieofatypeofbreathing
impairmentknownas

A

Positional asphyxia

365
Q

Extremely agitated or psychotic behavior

A

Excited delirium

366
Q 
diseasecausedbyageneticdefectinapatient’shemoglobiniscalled:
A. sicklecelldisease.
B. coagulopathy.
C. anemia.
D. hemophilia.
A

A

367
Q

Renalpatientswhosebloodisfilteredthroughaspecialized
machineareundergoing:

A

Hemodialysis

368
Q

ThevibrationthatcanbefeltbytheEMTwhenapatient’sA-Vfistulaisgentlypalpatediscalled:

A

Thrill

369
Q 
End stagerenalpatientswhomisstheirdialysistreatmentsare
athighriskfor:
A. acuteCOPD.
B. cardiacarrest.
C. acutebronchoconstriction.
D. cardiactamponade.
A

B

370
Q

liquidpartofthebloodthattransportsnutrients.

A

Plasma

371
Q

ESRDpatientswhomissadialysistreatmentmayhavesymptomsverysimilarto

A

CHF

372
Q

Most commonly transported organ

A

Kidney

373
Q

Sicklecellpatientsareathigherriskofhaving

thedestroyedbythedisease.

A

Spleen

374
Q

Common age of sickle cell anemia

A

30s and 40s

375
Q

Common potassium levels for

A

3-3.5

376
Q

UTI most common in

A

Elderly female

377
Q

UTI caused by __ can result in

A

Bacteria, pylonephritis

378
Q

Kidney stone pain is __ and made of __

A

Retropareitemal Calcium

379
Q

Renal failure Results from shock or toxic ingestion

A

Acute

380
Q

Renal failure inherited or secondary to damage from uncontrolled diabetes or hypertension

A

Chronic

381
Q

What percent recieve hemodialysis

A

90

382
Q

Special fluid infused into abdominal cavity to absorb waste

A

Peritoneal dialysis

383
Q

Gravity exchange process repeated several times a day

A

CAPD

384
Q

Machine used to fill and empty abdominal cavity while person sleeps

A

CCPD

EMT (8 decks)

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