Medication Administration Flashcards
Types of orders
Routine order - continues until someone stops it
As needed order - PRN
One time orders (STAT & NOW)
-Stat - asap
- NOW ( within 90 mins)
Parts of a medication order
client identifiers
date and time of order
name of med
dosage
route
frequency
signature of provider
Medication Supply Systems Advantages
computerized automated dispensing cabinets
accessed by individual username & passwords
client specific medication displayed
Medication Supply System Disadvantages
med restock error
removal of medication error
work arounds and overrides
Barcode Medication Administration advantages
reduce medication errors
easier documentation
Barcode Medication Administration Disadvantages
manually input administration
requires nurse compliance
Rights of Medication Administration
right medication
right client
right dose
right route
right time
right assessment data
right documentation
right response
right to refuse
right reason
right education
Routes of administration
oral
parenteral
topical
inhalant
instillation
Oral route advantages
most convenient
most comfortable
easy to administer
Oral route disadvantages
nausea/vomiting
unconscious clients
swallowing difficulty
slower onset
Oral Medications
wheres the absorption
what kinds of routes
absorption is in stomach and small intestines
routes;
solid
liquids
enteral
sublingual/buccal
solid oral medications
tablets
capsules
liquid oral medications
elixirs
spirits
suspensions
syrups
enteral medications
how to crush
used with GI tubes
preferred route; liquid and crushable meds
crush completely, mix in 15-30 mL, flush before and after each med with 30 mLs
Sublingual and Buccal meds slower or faster than oral
faster
Parenteral Route Advantages
used for drugs that are poorly absorbed orally
immediate onset of action
avoid compliance issues
Parenteral Route Disadvantages
can be painful
aseptic technique
require additional equipment to administer
cause serious safety events
Parenteral Medications
absorbed where
types
absorbed in circulatory system
types;
needleless syringe
ampule
vial
prefilled syringe
reconstituted powder medicines
Parenteral Routes
Intradermal - 10-15°
Intravenous - 25°
Subcutaneous - 90°
Intramuscular - 90°
IM Injection Sites
Deltoid
Ventral Gluteal
Vastus Lateralis
Topical and Instillation Meds Places
Skin
ear
eye
nose
suppostiory
Topical and Instillation Routes Advantages
painless
limited adverse effects
Topical and Instillation Routes Disadvantages
messy/uncomfortable
time consuming
risk for skin irritation
Topical Skin application rules
always wear gloves
rotate sites for adhesive patches if possible
massage thoroughly in skin
Instillation Eardrops Takeaway
pull pinna up and back
drop on side of ear
pump inner cartilage
lay down upward for 5 mins
Instillation Eye drops takeaway
place in conjunctival sac only
light pressure on inner eye
Instillation Nasal Drops Takeaway
blow nose prior to administration
do not sneeze after administration
Instillation Suppository Postion
Rectal; sims
Vaginal; dorsal recumbent
Inhalant Medications
Metered Dose or dry powder
Medication Documentation
Administered Medications
Omitted Medications
Refused Medications
