medical terminology semester test study guide Flashcards
frontal lobe function
voluntary movement, expressive language, and manages higher-level executive functions
temporal lobe function
processes auditory and memory information
parietal lobe function
sense of touch and movement and processes language
occipital lobe function
visual perception color, form, and motion
brainstem function
breathing, consciousness, blood pressure, heart rate, and sleep
Fx
fracture
RICE
Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation
WBC
White Blood Count
ADLs
Activities of Daily Living
AKA
Above the Knee Amputation
oste/o
bone
my/o
muscle
encephal/o
brain
erythr/o
red
leuk/o
white
cyst/o
bladder
ur/o
urine
rhin/o
nose
arthr/o
joint
scoliosis
a common procedure performed in secondary schools where healthcare pros observe the sideways curvature of the spine
osteomalacia
softening of the bone
osteogenic sarcoma
most common type of bone cancer and is usually found in the ends of long bones.
muscular dystrophy
a group of inherited diseases that lead to chronic, progressive muscle atrophy
Dupuytren’s contracture
a thickening and tightening (contracture) of tissue beneath the skin on the palm of the hand and fingers
concussion
a violent shaking up or jarring of the brain
retinopathy or prematurity
a potentially blinding eye disorder that primarily affects premature infants
compartment syndrome
bleeding within the tissues from a severe injury that puts pressure on the muscles and nerves, impairing blood flow
cerebral palsy
brain damage resulting from a defect, trauma, infection, or lack of oxygen before, during, or shortly after birth
spina bifida
a congenital defect in the walls of the spinal canal in which the laminae of the vertebra do not meet or close.
thromboctyopenia
any disorder in which there is an abnormally low amount of platelets.
aura
potential phase of a migraine in which you might see flashing or bright lights or zig-zag lines
splenomegaly
enlargement of the spleen
deep vein thrombosis
blood clot that has formed in a vein deeo in the body
dysuria
painful urination
oliguria
decreased urine production
hematuria
blood in the urine
glomerulonephritis
damage to the filtration portion of the kidney
ambulation
the act of walking or moving from place to place
tympanic membrane
eardrum
oritis externa
swimmer’s ear
tinnitus
ringing in the ears
epistaxis
nose bleed
vertigo
dizziness
anosmia
loss of smell
shaken baby syndrome
preventable injury resulting from violently shaking an infant by the shoudlers, arms, or legs.
coma
a deep state of unconsciousness
concussion
hit to the head or body causes your head and brain to move rapidly back and forth
cerebrovascular accident (stroke)
loss of blood flow to part of the brain
syncope
fainting
hemarthrosis
bleeding into a joint cavity
thrombolytic
dissolves blood clots
gold compound drugs
used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis
occupational safety and health administration
the agency that established and enforces safety standards for the workplace
ergonomics
an applied science used to promote the safety and well-being of a person by adapting the environment and using techniques to prevent injury.
body mechanics
the way the body moves and maintains balance while making the most efficient use of all its parts. (ALWAYS bend at the knees when picking up something)
strongest muscle in the body (should be used when lifting)
thighs
should be used along with the thighs when lifting
arms and shoulders
can be damaged when not using proper body mechanics
the back muscles
Safety data sheet
info sheets regarding chemicals used in the workplace, the PPE to use, wear to store it, how to clean up spills, manufactures name and contact info, first aid measure, etc.
fungi
a simple, plant-like organism that lives on dead organic matter and can cause diseases such as ringworm and athletes foot.
protozoa
one-celled animal-like organisms are often found in decayed materials, animal or bird feces, insect bites and contaminated water. malaria can be caused by some of these organisms
helminths
multicellular and commonly referred to as worms or flukes
disinfection
a process that uses chemicals to destroy or kill pathogenic organisms but is not always effective against spores and viruses
sterilization
a process that destroys all microorganisms, both pathogenic and nonpathogenic, including spores and viruses
antisepsis
prevents or inhibits the growth of pathogenic organisms but are not effective against spores and viruses. they can usually be used on the skin
autoclave
a piece of equipment that uses team under pressure or gas to sterilize equipment and supplies
opportunistic infection
an infection that occurs when the body’s defenses are weak such as with an AIDS patient or a cancer patient
bloodborne pathogens or viruses that are of major concern for healthcare workers
HIV, HBV (Hepatitis B Virus), HCV (Hepititis C Virus)
bradycardia
a pulse rate under 60 beats per minute
afebrile
without fever
pain scale
used to access the patients level of pain on a scale of 0 to 10 with 0 being no pain, 10 being the worst pain possible, and 5 being moderate and medium pain.
hypotension
low blood pressure
cyanosis
blue-grey color of skin and/or nails
hypertension
high blood pressure
hypothermia
low body temperature
arrhythmia
irregular or abnormal ehart beat
dyspnea
labored or difficulty breathing
orthopnea
unable to breath without sitting up straight or standing
tachypnea
rapid respirations (above 25 breaths per minute)
apical pulse
over the apex of the heart using a stethoscope
respiratory rate
when checking a patient’s respirations, never let them know you are counting them so they cant alter their breathing. adults: 12-20 breaths per minute.
temperature
most accurate: rectally. least accurate: axillary. before taking a patient’s temperature always ask if they had anything to eat, drink, or smoke in the last 15 minutes
sphygmomanometer
an instrument used to measure blood pressure in mm of mercury.
before providing first aid, ALWAYS
check the scene before giving care, you don’t want to become a victim yourself.
second impact syndrome
when someone receives a second concussion before the first concussion has properly healed
good samaritan laws
these laws protect anyone who provides first aid from being sued
stroke- how to recognize
sudden numbness or weakness of the face, arm or leg, especially one side of the body, difficulty speaking, and drooping of the mouth
if someone has a nosebleed, you should
have them lean forward and pinch their nostrils together
an epinephrin (epi) pen should be used for
a severe allergic reaction
if you suspect someone is having a heart attack, you should
give them an aspirin if they are not allergic
when doing compressions on an adult or child you should compress ___ inches
two
for every ___ compressions you should give ___ breaths.
30, 2
you should give ___ compressions in __ minute
100, 1
to check responsiveness in a victim, always
tap and shout
if you give breaths and they don’t go in, always
re-tilt the head and try to give another breath
an AED is used to
analyze the heart rhythm and deliver shock if needed
K
potassium
KVO
Keep Vein Open
L&D
Labor and Delivery
MN
MidNight
MI
Myocardial Infarction
N/C
No Complaints
NKDA
No Known Drug Allergies
BRP
BathRoom Privileges
N&V
Nausea and Vomiting
BSC
BedSide Commode
STAT
Immediately
SOB
Shortness Of Breath
S&S
Signs and Symptoms
tid
three times a day
tx
treatment
U/A
Urinalysis
V/S
Vital Signs
WNL
Within Normal Limits
w/o
WithOut
URI
Upper Respiratory Infection
ac
before meals
hs
at bedtime
if king henry died drinking chocolate milk, kilo = _____
1000
if king henry died drinking chocolate milk, hecto = _____
100
if king henry died drinking chocolate milk, deka = _____
10
if king henry died drinking chocolate milk, unit = _____
1
if king henry died drinking chocolate milk, deci = _____
0.1
if king henry died drinking chocolate milk, centi = _____
0.01
if king henry died drinking chocolate milk, milli = _____
0.001
roman numeral for 1
I
roman numeral for 2
II
roman numeral for 3
III
roman numeral for 4
IV
roman numeral for 5
V
roman numeral for 6
VI
roman numeral for 9
IX
roman numeral for 10
X
roman numeral for 40
XL
roman numeral for 50
L
roman numeral for 90
XC
roman numeral for 100
C
roman numeral for 400
CD
roman numeral for 500
D
roman numeral for 900
CM
roman numeral for 1000
M
roman numeral for 2000
MM
roman numeral for 3000
MMM
1 tsp is how many mL
5
5 mL is how many tsps
1
