biology chapter 6: cell's chemistry energy Flashcards
two types of cellular respiration
aerobic
anaerobic
aerobic cellular respiration
requires what?
requires O2
anaerobic cellular respiration
deosnt require what?
doesnt require O2
ultimate source of energy
sun
photosynthesis requires what
sunlight
cellular respiration requires what?
photosynthesis
what two processes are in a cycle with each other?
photosynthesis
cellular respiration
photosynthesis reactants
there are two
carbon dioxide
water
CO2 and H2O
photosynthesis products
oxygen and glucose
O2 and C6H12O6
from reactant to products in photosynthesis, what is the yield?
sunlight
cellular respiration reactants
oxygen and glucose
O2 and C6H12O6
cellular respiration products
carbon dioxide
water
CO2 and H2O
from reactions to product in cellular respiration, what is the yield?
ATP
cellular respiration is what kind of reaction?
Exergonic reaction
what is an exergonic reaction?
releases energy
glucose (that was produced in photosynthesis) is being broken down.
goes from glucose to ATP
ATP is needed for all energy
parts of the cellular respiration formula
oxidation
reduction
oxidation
lost the hydrogens to form CO2
reduction
gain the hydrogens to form H2O
three stages of cellular respiration
the three stages
stage one: glycolysis
stage two a&b: Pyruvate oxidation and citric acid cycle
stage three: oxidation phosphorylation
stage one: glycolysis
location and function
location: cytoplasm/cytosol (jelly-like substance)
function: taking glucose (C6H12O6) and breaking it down to pyruvate (three carbon molecule)
starting with glucose and ending with pyruvate
stage two a: pyruvate oxidation
location and function
location: mitochondria
function: start with pyruvate (three carbon molecule)
breaks the pyruvate down to CO2
stage two b: citirc acid cycle
location and function
location: mitochondria
function: start with pyruvate is being broken down into Acetyl CoA (co-enzyme)
carbon is being kicked out and CoA comes in which makes 2 Carbons w/ CoA and still forms CO2
stage 3: oxidation phosphorylation
location and function
location: mitochondria
function: NADH and FADH2: electron carriers that come from adding or removing Hydrogens
oxygen is reduced to Water
“electron transport chain and chemiosmosis”
ATP from cellular respiration in stage one: glycolysis
two ATP’s
ATP from cellular respiration in stage two: Pyruvate oxidation and citric acid cycle
two ATP’s
ATP from cellular respiration in stage three: oxidation phosphorylation
28 ATP’s
total number of ATP’s in cellular respiration
32 ATP’s
fermentation: anaerobic harvesting of energy
does not require what?
does not require oxygen
two types of fermentation
lactic acid
alcohol
lactic acid fermentation
goes from pyruvate to lactose
alcohol fermentation
goes from pyruvate to ethanol
