biology chapter 2: chemistry of life Flashcards
1
Q
atom
A
smallest unit of matter
2
Q
smallest unit of matter
A
atom
3
Q
three parts of an atom
A
- proton
- neutron
- electron
4
Q
proton
A
of protons = whole atomic
- positively charged
- located in nucleus
5
Q
neutron
A
of neutrons can change in isotopes
- located in the nucleus
- neutral or no charge
- part of the atomic mass
6
Q
electron
A
- located in the outer shell - “clouds” - 7 total shells
- negative charge
- responsible for bonding
7
Q
atomic #
A
- number of protons
- identifies the element
- whole number on top
8
Q
atomic mass
A
- equation: # of P + # of N
- number on bottom w/ decimal
9
Q
isotope
A
- element that has the different number of neutrons with the same number of protons
- use atomic mass equation to find the number of neutrons
10
Q
chemical bonds
two types
A
- ionic bond
- covalent bond
11
Q
ionic bonds
A
the charge of electron is transferred
12
Q
covalent bonds
two types
A
nonpolar covalent
polar covalent
13
Q
non polar covalent bond
A
electron charge is shared equally across the molecule
14
Q
polar covalent bond
A
electron charge is shared unequally across molecule
15
Q
ion
A
- element with unequal protons and electrons
- losing an electron = positive charge
- gaining an electron = negative charge
