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medical 9-10 > medical terminology - ch. 7 > Flashcards

medical terminology - ch. 7 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

glomerular

A

pertaining to a small ball of capillaries in the kidney

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2
Q

meatal stenosis

A

narrowing of the urethral opening to the outside of the body

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3
Q

creatinine

A

nitrogenous waste

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4
Q

pyel/o

A

renal pelvis

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4
Q

What is diabetes insipidus and what are some of the characteristics of it?

A
  • insufficient ADH (anti-diuretic hormone)
  • water loss
  • polydipsia: excessive thirst
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4
Q

KUB

A

kidney, ureter, and bladder

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4
Q

anuria

A

absence of urine production

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5
Q

oliguria

A

scanty urination

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5
Q

perivesical

A

surrounding the urinary bladder

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5
Q

What is a renal calculus?

A

kidney stones

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6
Q

What is hemodialysis?

A

use of an artificial kidney machine

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7
Q

An incision to remove a renal calculus is known as?

A

nephrolithotomy

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7
Q

What is albuminuria?

A

protein in the urine

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7
Q

pyuria

A

pus in the urine

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7
Q

Distinguish between urinary incontinence and urinary retention.

A
  • urinary incontinence: inability to hold urine in the bladder
  • urinary retention: a condition of urine being held in the bladder
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8
Q

Which lab test measures the amount of urea in the blood?

A

BUN: blood urea nitrogen

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8
Q

nocturia

A

frequent urination at night

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8
Q

polyuria

A

excessive urination

9
Q

What is lithotripsy?

A

using shock waves to crush urinary tract stones

10
Q

edema

A

fluid in tissues

11
Q

cystoscopy

A

visual examination of the bladder

12
Q

calculus

A

a stone

12
Q

polydipsia

A

excessive thirst

13
Q

calyx

A

cup-like collecting region of the renal pelvis

13
Q

incontinence

A

lack of voluntary control

14
Q

electrolyte

A

chemical that carries an electric charge

14
Q

dysuria

A

painful urination

15
Q

erythropoietin

A

hormone released by the kidneys to increase red blood cells

16
Q

nitrogenous

A

substance containing nitrogen, excreted in the urine

17
Q

meatus

A

opening or canal

17
Q

urinalysis

A

examination of urine to determine its contents

18
Q

abscess

A

a collection of pus in any part of the body

19
Q

dialysis

A

treatment to remove waste products/excess fluid from the blood, filters the blood

19
Q

medulla

A

inner region of an organ

19
Q

arteriole

A

small artery
- deliver blood to the glomerulus for filtering in the kidney

20
Q

calyx

A

cup-like collecting region of the renal pelvis
- collect fluid before it moves into the bladder

20
Q

hilum

A

depression in an organ where blood vessels enter and leave
- entry and exit site for structures servicing the kidneys

21
Q

meatus

A

opening or canal
- opens to the outside of the body for elimination

21
Q

nephron

A

combination of glomerulus and renal tubule where filtration, reabsorption, and secretion take place
- responsible for removing waste from the body

22
Q

renal tubule

A

microscopic tube in the kidney where urine is formed after filtration
- returns needed substances to your blood and remove wastes

23
Q

renal vein

A

blood vessel that carries blood away from the kidney and toward the heart
- carry filtered blood from the kidneys to the posterior vena cava

24
Q

trigone

A

triangular area of the ruinary bladder
- one-way valves that allow urine in and prevent it from backing up into ureters

24
Q

ureter

A

one of two tubes leading from the kidneys to the urinary bladder
- transporting urine from the renal pelvis into the bladder

25
Q

urethra

A

tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body
- tube allows urine to pass outside the body

medical 9-10 (13 decks)

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