medical terminology - ch. 7

Question 1

glomerular

Answer 1

pertaining to a small ball of capillaries in the kidney

Question 2

meatal stenosis

Answer 2

narrowing of the urethral opening to the outside of the body

Question 3

creatinine

Answer 3

nitrogenous waste

Question 4

pyel/o

Answer 4

renal pelvis

Question 4

What is diabetes insipidus and what are some of the characteristics of it?

Answer 4

• insufficient ADH (anti-diuretic hormone)
• water loss
• polydipsia: excessive thirst

Question 4

KUB

Answer 4

kidney, ureter, and bladder

Question 4

anuria

Answer 4

absence of urine production

Question 5

oliguria

Answer 5

scanty urination

Question 5

perivesical

Answer 5

surrounding the urinary bladder

Question 5

What is a renal calculus?

Answer 5

kidney stones

Question 6

What is hemodialysis?

Answer 6

use of an artificial kidney machine

Question 7

An incision to remove a renal calculus is known as?

Answer 7

nephrolithotomy

Question 7

What is albuminuria?

Answer 7

protein in the urine

Question 7

pyuria

Answer 7

pus in the urine

Question 7

Distinguish between urinary incontinence and urinary retention.

Answer 7

• urinary incontinence: inability to hold urine in the bladder
• urinary retention: a condition of urine being held in the bladder

Question 8

Which lab test measures the amount of urea in the blood?

Answer 8

BUN: blood urea nitrogen

Question 8

nocturia

Answer 8

frequent urination at night

Question 8

polyuria

Answer 8

excessive urination

Question 9

What is lithotripsy?

Answer 9

using shock waves to crush urinary tract stones

Question 10

edema

Answer 10

fluid in tissues

Question 11

cystoscopy

Answer 11

visual examination of the bladder

Question 12

calculus

Answer 12

a stone

Question 12

polydipsia

Answer 12

excessive thirst

Question 13

calyx

Answer 13

cup-like collecting region of the renal pelvis

Question 13

incontinence

Answer 13

lack of voluntary control

Question 14

electrolyte

Answer 14

chemical that carries an electric charge

Question 14

dysuria

Answer 14

painful urination

Question 15

erythropoietin

Answer 15

hormone released by the kidneys to increase red blood cells

Question 16

nitrogenous

Answer 16

substance containing nitrogen, excreted in the urine

Question 17

meatus

Answer 17

opening or canal

Question 17

urinalysis

Answer 17

examination of urine to determine its contents

Question 18

abscess

Answer 18

a collection of pus in any part of the body

Question 19

dialysis

Answer 19

treatment to remove waste products/excess fluid from the blood, filters the blood

Question 19

medulla

Answer 19

inner region of an organ

Question 19

arteriole

Answer 19

small artery - deliver blood to the glomerulus for filtering in the kidney

Question 20

calyx

Answer 20

cup-like collecting region of the renal pelvis - collect fluid before it moves into the bladder

Question 20

hilum

Answer 20

depression in an organ where blood vessels enter and leave - entry and exit site for structures servicing the kidneys

Question 21

meatus

Answer 21

opening or canal - opens to the outside of the body for elimination

Question 21

nephron

Answer 21

combination of glomerulus and renal tubule where filtration, reabsorption, and secretion take place - responsible for removing waste from the body

Question 22

renal tubule

Answer 22

microscopic tube in the kidney where urine is formed after filtration - returns needed substances to your blood and remove wastes

Question 23

renal vein

Answer 23

blood vessel that carries blood away from the kidney and toward the heart - carry filtered blood from the kidneys to the posterior vena cava

Question 24

trigone

Answer 24

triangular area of the ruinary bladder - one-way valves that allow urine in and prevent it from backing up into ureters

Question 24

ureter

Answer 24

one of two tubes leading from the kidneys to the urinary bladder - transporting urine from the renal pelvis into the bladder

Question 25

urethra

Answer 25

tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body - tube allows urine to pass outside the body