Medical Terminology Flashcards
Normal Respiratory Rate for Adults
12-20 breaths per minute
Normal Respiratory Rate for Infants
30-60 breaths per minute
Orthopnea & indications
difficulty breathing when lying flat ; heart failure or chronic lung disease
Barrel Chest
increased anteroposterior diameter of the chest
what is Barrel Chest common in?
COPD ; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
what are the types of cyanosis ? (2)
peripheral cyanosis & central cyanosis
symptoms of peripheral cyanosis
bluish discoloration of the fingers, hands and feet due to poor circulation
symptoms of central cyanosis
bluish discoloration of the lips and mucous membranes which indicates severe hypoxemia (spO2 will be lower)
Symptom of Diaphoresis & signs of distress
sweating ; sweating while in bed & sitting is a sign of distress
Signs of respiratory distress in Infants
grunting(indicates impending respiratory failure) , nasal flaring, retractions (visible sinking of the chest between the ribs)
Pulse oximetry reading of 90%
indicates mil hypoxemia (low oxygen levels in the blood) ; requires further assessment
what is palpation?
feeling for abnormalities
Pulse for adult
60-100 bpm
what is the capillary refill time and what does it assess?
Normal : less than 2 second
Assess peripheral circulation
what does a delayed refill of capillary indicate?
indicates shock or poor perfusion
what is palpating the trachea and if a shift, what does that indicate?
used to assess tracheal deviation?
a shift may indicate pneumothorax, pleural effusion, or lung collapse (atelectasis)
Decreased tactile fremitus
occurs when vibrations are reduced during touch ; common in pleural effusion or pneumothorax
Increased tactile fremitus
occurs when vibrations are increased during touch ; common in emphysema, conditions with excess air.
Percussion Note for Emphysema & what does is suggest?
Hyperresonance or tympanic (loud, low pitched sound)
Suggests air trapping, COPD, or pneumothorax
Percussion Note for Pleural Effusion or Pneumonia & what does it suggest?
Dullness(soft, thudding sound)
Suggests fluid or lung consolidation
What is Percussion?
tapping on the chest wall
What is Auscultation?
listening to breath sounds
normal breath sounds
Vesicular
Bronchial
Bronchovesicular
what is vesicular?
soft, low pitched sounds hear over most of the lung fields
what is bronchial?
loud, high pitched sounds heard over the trachea
what is bronchovesicular?
moderate pitches sounds heard over the major bronchi
What are abnormal lung sounds called? (4)
Rhonchi
Coarse
Crackles (rales)
Stridor
what is rhonchi?
muffled sound heard over lung field
what is coarse and what does it indicate?
low pitched sounds, indicating mucus in airways
what is crackles (rales)?
discontinuous, popping sounds, suggesting fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema or pneumonia)
what is stridor and what does it indicate?
if whispered sounds are heard clearly through a stethoscope, lung consolidation (pneumonia) is suspected.
what is the normal temperature (oral)
98.6-100.4 (37C)
what is the normal heart rate (pulse)
60-100 beats per minute
what is the normal blood pressure?
systolic 90-140/60-90 mmHg
what is the normal respiratory rate?
12-20 breaths per minute
what is the normal oxygen saturation(SpO2)
95-100%
Rapid, Deep Breathing is indication of?
Hyperpnea(deep breathing) & tachypnea(fast breathing) indicate metabolic acidosis, fever or anxiety
