Anat Blood Vessel/Respiratory Flashcards by Krysiana Medina

Fetal circulation (4)

Lungs are collapsed
2 atria are connected
Ductus Arteriosus
Ductus Venosus

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What is Ductus Venosus?

connects umbilical vein to IVC
why? to bypass the liver

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what is Ductus Arteriosus?

tiny vessels which connect pulmonary to aorta (bypass lungs)

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How are the two atrias connected?

Foreman ovale connects L to R atrias

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the ONLY organ shared between respiratory and digestive systems?

Pharynx (throat)

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other term for pharynx?

throat

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Pharynx is located where?

tube located on back of nose and mouth

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Respiratory mucsoa lines with?

pharynx

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3 parts of the pharynx

Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx

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Nasopharynx location

back of the nose

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Oropharynx location

bak of the mouth

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Laryngopharynx location

back of the larynx

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Epiglottis does what?

stops food from entering the trachea

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Epiglottis is part of?

part of the larynx

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*first structure to make air warm, clean and humid?

nose

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Paranasal sinuses are?

lines with respiratory mucosa
airfilled bony cavities

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Parts of the paranasal sinuses? (4)

Frontal, maxillary, ethmoid, sphenoid

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Function of paranasal sinuses? (3)

makes skull lighter
sense of smell
voice better/louder

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Functions of the Respiratory System (2)

exchange of resp gases (O2 & CO2)
Adjusts blood pH 7.35-7.45

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Nose is lined with?

Nasal epithelium

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Roof of nasal bone is how much?

1/3

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Nasal Septum

separates two nasal cavities

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Parts of nasal septum? (3)

cartilage, vomer bone and perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone

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Palate is and what are they? (2)

floor of nose/roof mouth
Soft palate & hard palate

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What stops food from entering the nose? what palate is it part of?

uvula Soft palate

What and how many bones does the HARD palate have?

FOUR bones 2 maxillary / 2 palatine

Concha

lateral walls of the nose that are shell like covered completely by nasal epithelium

*What increases surface area of the nose?

Nasal Concha

Respiratory System contains? (8)

nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli ducts and alveoli

What is part of the UPPER respiratory system?

nose, pharynx, and larynx

Respiratory mucosa is in which airways? (5)

nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea and bronchi

*if exchange happens only in alveoli, what happens in the others?

airways make air clean, warm and humid

the exchange of O2 and CO2 happens ONLY where?

alveoli

Respiratory mucosa is?

makes airways clean, humid and warm

*What factors influence blood flow in veins? (4)

contraction of skeletal muscles valves in veins gravity respiratory movement

Most important factor that influences blood flow in veins?

contraction of skeletal muscles

Function of Valves in veins & Location

valves stop backflow in veins, below the heart

Gravity is located?

above the heart

Coronary Circulation

Ascending aorta

Ascending Aorta

L and R coronary arteries

Left ascending aorta parts

L anterior descending artery Circumflex Artery

Circumflex Artery

Cardiac veins to Coronary Sinus then enter the right atrium

Location of the coronary sinus

back of the heart

*Capillaries

interstitial fluid to tissue cell to tissue fluid

wall of arteries, veins are (3)

tunica intima tunica media tunica externa

Tunica Intima

inner layer simple squamos epithelium

Tunica Media

middle layer smooth muscle

Tunica Externa

outer layer connective tissue for support

Tunica media is thicker than?

veins

in arteries, tunica externa is?

thinner

large blood vessel which takes blood AWAY

arteries aorta

Order of BP ( 6)

Heart, arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins

small arteries

arterioles

microscopic blood vessels in tissue

capillaries

What do capillaries deliver and pick up?

O2 and nutrients picks up O2 waste

Small veins

Venules

Large blood vessels take blood TO the heart?

veins

Most of the blood is located in which blood vessel?

veins 60%

Highest BP is located in which?

Arteries Aorta

Lowest BP is located in which?

Veins

Highest speed of blood is located in which?

Arteries

Slowest speed of blood located in which?

Capillaries

what is blood pressure?

pressure of the blood against blood vessels

what kind of blood pressure do we measure?

arterial

ABP =?

systolic/diastolic

normal blood pressure

120/75 or120/80

Factors influencing BP (5)

Age, weight, viscosity of the blood, cardiac output, stroke volume and HR

the most important factors for BP?

Cardiac Output Peripheal resistance

BP formula

BP = CO x PR

CO formula

CO= SV x HR

BP formula full

BP=SV x HR x PR

Friction between the wall of blood vessel and blood

Peripheal Resistance