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Immunology > Medical mycology > Flashcards

Medical mycology Flashcards

1
Q

mycoses are

A

fungal infections

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2
Q

Funigi are eukaryotic or prokaryotic

A

eukaryotic

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3
Q

fungi have what features:

A

membrane bound nucleus, ER, Mitochonchria, lysosomes

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4
Q

what kind of chromosomes do fungi have

A

linear chromosomes

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5
Q

Funal membranes contain

A

ergosterol instead of cholesterol

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6
Q

What drug binds to ergosterol

A

amphotericin B and stops it’s biosynthesis

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7
Q

Fungus cells are surrounded by

A

rigid cell wall with carbs like chitin, alpha glucan, beta glucan and mammana

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8
Q

chinocandis inhibit

A

b glucan synthase

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9
Q

most fung are

A

free living

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10
Q

what fungi aren’t free living

A

candida albicans and malassezia furfur (in human floura)

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11
Q

What nutrients do fungi need?

A

heterohpric thus absorb nutrients from oranic matter

need organic source of carbon and nitrogen

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12
Q

Term for organ that live on dead organic matter

A

saprophyte

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13
Q

are fungi motile?

A

most are non-motile

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14
Q

Yeas is: uni/mult cell

A

unicell

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15
Q

How does yeast reproduce

A

budding fission

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16
Q

yeast that elongate and adhere to each are are called

A

pseudomycelium/pseudohyphae

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17
Q

HIstoplasma capsulatam is dimorphic which means i

A

switches between yeast and mold from

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18
Q

Hyphea or mycelium are reffered to as

A

mold

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19
Q

these are the branching cylindric tubules varying in diamter

A

hyphae

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20
Q

Hyphea types

A

nonseptate

sepatea: uninucleate and mutlinucleate

21
Q

hyphae with lots of cell walls

A

septate

22
Q

hyphae with no cell walls

A

coenocytic hyphae

23
Q

mass of intertwined hypahe that accumulate during active growth

A

mycelium

24
Q

Aspergillus can only exsist as

A

a mold

25
Q

Candid albicans is ________ fungus

A

dimorphic

26
Q

which morphotype of candid albicans is pathogenic

A

mold

27
Q

rootlike structures

A

rhizoids

28
Q

Asexual reproduction is done by

A

budding or blastoconidia

29
Q

nuclear fission results in

A

50/50 split

30
Q

buddin results in

A

blastoconidia

31
Q

germ tube results in

A

pseudohyphae

32
Q

thick walled single cells that are resistant to adverse conditions

A

Chlamydoconidia (low nutrients in envir, we signal to make this guy)

33
Q

Single cell conidia formed by disjoining hyphal cells

A

Arthroconidia

34
Q

medically imporant spores borne nakeds on specialized structures

A

conidiospores

35
Q

Two types of conidiospores:

A

marcoconidia are large, multicelled conidia

microcondidia-small single celld conidia

36
Q

philandes are

A

finer like projects that are attached to vesicle of conidosphore that has balls of conidia at the end

37
Q

Direct microscopic examination of clincal specimen done via

A

KOH-technique

38
Q

When cultivating a fungus specimien

A

change temp and include antibiotics

39
Q

how can we target fungas infections via medicine

A

attack their ergosterol cell wall
cell wall synthesis
nucleaic acid synthesis
disrupt microtubles

40
Q

Azole are type of

A

antifungal

41
Q

this drug targets cell wall

A

echinocandins

42
Q

this drug inhibits the biosynthetic pathways

A

allylamines that inhibit biosynthetic pathways

43
Q

thse guys attack nucleic acids

A

antimetaboliets

44
Q

When doing therapies do a :

A

combination therapy

45
Q

when doing combo therapy, the goal is _____

and not _______

A

seeking synergy

not antagonism

46
Q

Resistance to antifungal agents occurs through:

A

efflux pumps, target alterations, reduced asscee to drug targets

47
Q

are antifungal resistance genes transfered cell to cell

A

NO NOT TRANSFERED

48
Q

organism that is resistant to high concentrations of drug but suseptible to low conc

A

Eagle effect

49
Q

the use of azoles in _____ may be contributing to azole reistant in the clinic

A

agriculture

Immunology (12 decks)

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