Medical Information Flashcards
allo-
Different
Hyster-
Uterus
Ot-
Ear
Arthro-
Joint
Col-
Colon
Recto-
Straight
Chondro-
Cartilage
Glosso-
Tongue
-algia
Pain
-cele
Tumor or hernia
-ectomy
Excision
-osis
Condition
-plasia
To form
-trophy
Nourish, grow
-blast
Bud or sprout
-clast
Destroy
-iatry
Healing
-penia
Poverty
-rrhage or rrhea
Excessive flow
Centrioles
Paired, tubular cell organelles. Assist in cell division by organizing chromosomes.
Microvilli
Fingerlike projections found in the lining of the lower GI tract and the proximal tubule of the kidneys to increase surface area.
Types of epithelium
Simple (1 layer) or stratified.
Functions of connective tissue
To connect, support, transport and defend other tissues.
Fibrous connective tissue subclasses
Loose and dense.
Types of loose connective tissue
Areolar, adipose and reticular.
Types of dense fibrous connective tissue
Regular, irregular and elastic.
Areolar connective tissue
Widely distributed and functions like elastic glue. It can become more liquid under heat or mechanical pressure.
Adipose connective tissue
Fat cells which store surplus energy. Insulates, conserves heat and cushions structures.
Reticular connective tissue
Matrix of reticular fibers. Provides a supportive framework and traps harmful substances.
Regular, dense connective tissue
Connects muscles and bones. Composed of parallel rows of slightly elastic fibers.
Examples of dense, regular connective tissue
Tendons and ligaments.
Dense, irregular connective tissue
Stronger fibers which are arranged irregularly. Occurs in regions with multidirectional tension.
Examples of dense, irregular connective tissue
Deep fascia, periosteum and the outer layer of the kidneys and spleen.
Elastic connective tissue
Found in the walls of blood vessels and bronchi. Recoil after being stretched.
Fascia
Sheets of connective tissue which envelop the body beneath the skin and enclose muscles and nerves into groups.
Types of fascia
Deep or superficial
Superficial fascia
Is continuous with the dermis and made or areolar tissue.
Deep fascia
Dense, irregular connective tissue which maintains the body’s shape.
Hardest connective tissue
Bone
Cartilage
A strong, rubbery matrix connective tissue.
Hyaline cartilage
Translucent, pearly matrix which covers the articulating surfaces of bones as well as other surfaces.
Fibrocartilage
A more durable type of cartilage which acts as a shock absorber. Found in the knee and intervertebral discs.
Elastic cartilage
Cartilage found in the ears, nose and larynx.
Components of blood
Plasma, erythrocytes, leukocytes and thrombocytes.
Membrane functions
Protect and anchor structures.
Types of membranes
Epithelial or connective tissue
Allostasis
The process of achieving homeostasis through physiologic and behavioural changes.
Types of epithelial membranes
Cutaneous, mucous or serous
Cutaneous membranes
Epithelial membranes which cover external body structures.
Mucous membranes
Epithelial membranes which line the body cavities that open to the outside.
Serous membranes
Epithelial membranes that line closed body cavities. Consist of two layers with serous fluid in between.
Synovial membranes
Connective tissue membranes that line the cavities of joints.
Meningeal membranes
Connective tissue membranes that line the spaces within the dorsal cavity and provide protection.
Top right abdominal region
Right hypochondriac
Top central abdominal region
Epigastric
Central abdominal region
Umbilical
Middle right abdominal region
Right lumbar
Lower right abdominal region
Right iliac
Lower middle abdominal region
Hypogastric
Cranial
Upper skull
Temporal
Side of the skull
Frontal
Forehead
Orbital
Eye
Zygomatic
Upper cheek
Occipital
Lower back of the skull
Acromial
Top of the shoulder
Scapular
Shoulder blade
Antebrachial
Forearm
Carpal
Wrist
Dorsum
Back of the hand or foot
Pollex
Thumb
Coxal
Hip
Pubic
Genital area over the pubic symphysis
Groin
Area between the thigh and abdomen.
Crural
Leg, shin
Calf
Posterior leg
Pedal
Foot
