Mediastinal Disease Flashcards
1
Q
Adult Masses Usual Location
A
65% Anterior Compartment, 33% symptomatic
2
Q
Children Masses Usual Location
A
65% posterior compartment, 66% symptomatic
3
Q
Local Symptoms of Masses
A
Usually obstructive symptoms
- dysphagia, hoarseness
- SVC syndrome
- cough, stridor, hemoptysis
- Horner syndrome (sympathetic chain compression)
4
Q
Systemic Symptoms of Masses
A
B symptoms (typically from endocrine masses)
5
Q
Anterior Compartment Masses
A
4 Ts
- Thymus
- Thyroid
- Teratoma
- “terrible” lymphoma
6
Q
Middle Compartment Masses
A
Cysts most common
Also: LA, granulomatous inflammation, lymphoma, diaphragmatic hernia
7
Q
Posterior Masses
A
Neurological Tumors
Meinigocoele
Carcinomas
Esophageal Lesions
8
Q
Pneumothorax PE
A
Diminished breath sounds
Dull Percussion
Low Fremitus
9
Q
2 types of pleural effusion
A
Transudative and Exudative
10
Q
Transudate Characteristics
A
Hydrostatic Changes
LDH pleura/serum ratio
11
Q
Exudate Characteristics
A
Protein Rich LDH pleura/serum >0.6 OR Protein pleura/serum >0.5 OR LDH pleura is 2/3 of upper limit normal serum
12
Q
Most common tumors in pleura
A
Usually secondary (mets) Lung > Breast > Lymphoma > GI > GU
