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Sociology 100 > Media (Lecture 15&16) > Flashcards

Media (Lecture 15&16) Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Mass Media

A

the TECHNOLOGY (print, radio, television, internet) that allow mass communication

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2
Q

Mass Communication

A

the actual TRANSMISSION of message from one source to huge audience at same time

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3
Q

Political Economy

A
  • looks at relation between economic ownership and power over society
  • looking at media, asks who owns it? and what effect ownership has on media
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4
Q

COnclomerate

A
  • large business structure with interests in a variety of fields (eg: gambling, drinks, media)
  • emphasis on PROFIT not ‘quality news’
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5
Q

Horizontal Integration

A

chains of local newspapers owned by same company all have identical stories; ignore local issues (ie: calgary and toronto news owned by same company)

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6
Q

Vertical Integration

A

radio stations mostly play music produced by record company owned by same corporation

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7
Q

Cross-ownership

A

companies own different types of media (tv, papers etc) and repeat same issues across them to save money —> reduces diversity of perspectives

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8
Q

Commodification

A
  • treating an object (or person, idea, value, work of art) as a commodity to be bought and sold
  • the overall transformation of part of society so everything in it is commodified
  • news coverage focuses increasingly on personality NOT issues
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9
Q

Native Advertising

A
  • adverts disguised as news stories in a respectable news outlet (ie: buzzfeed)
  • blurs boundaries of truth and adverts
  • ie: if you purchase this you will be as cool/ smart/ funny etc.. as this person
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10
Q

Niche marketing

A

Advertisers target very specific segments of the population with carefully-focused commercials and message

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11
Q

Colonization of the Lifeworld (Habermans)

A
  • terms for increasing dominance of impersonal system motives (profit, power etc) in areas previously open to free debate
  • seen in effects of profit motive on media’s ability to be a space for public discourse
  • as society gets more complex, it relies more on impersonal systems
  • media should be part of fluid public sphere, with open debate, but instead is governed by motive of efficiency and profit
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12
Q

Integration

A

in Parson’s AGIL system, the function that brings members of society together in a common set of values, beliefs, and understanding

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13
Q

Structural Functionalists integrating members

A
  • Socialization: like education, mass media can present a single standard view of society as a whole, ensuring cohesion
  • Enforcing Social Norms: in both news and entertainment, we see criminals being punished when they break social rules
  • Economic Stimulus: media promote consumption through advertising, thus helping economy
  • Information and Surveillance: transits vital news
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14
Q

Agenda Setting

A
  • media’s power to select which topics we think and talk about
  • whatever gets discussed int eh media is likely to be uppermost in out thoughts
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15
Q

Gatekeeping

A

actively preventing certain ideas, values, people, lifestyles from appearing in media

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16
Q

Alternative Media

A

Less prominent media sources, but used by subordinate groups to transmit views

17
Q

Moral Entrepreneurs (Howard Becker)

A

An individual who tries to influence a group by setting or upholding a moral norm, often by LABELLING behaviour as good or bad

18
Q

Rule Creators

A

those how define a new rule, usually by identifying some threat to society

19
Q

Rule Enforcers

A

those whose position depends on ensuring others follow the rules; they can gian personal power in a situation by upholding a rule

20
Q

Epistemic Closure

A

When individuals choose only news outlets that agree with they politics, they find only confirmation of their beliefs (ie: Fox news)
• possible in highly marketized media world

21
Q

Homogenization

A

when differences disappear, and we all become the same–> mass media encourage cultural homogenization (ie: evrywhr in the world is becoming highly influenced by america)

22
Q

Cultivation Theory

A
  • Masses are terrified by constant images of threats and conflict on tv
  • consequently, they support hardline solutions for nonexistent problems
23
Q

Narcotizing Dysfunction

A
  • constant exposure to the same messages over and over agin makes us less sensitive to them–> we don’t care as much
  • may make us indifferent to violence or to suffering in other parts of world
24
Q

’ The Medium is the message’

A

McLuhan’s famous statement that HOW the media says something is more important than WHAT it says

25
Q

Commodity Fetishism

A

Originally a Marxist term, but changed and adapted by Baudrillard to describe the way we desire a product for its cultural value, not its actual use
• we don’t actually want the concrete material item, we view the world as a set of brands (which are somehow more important for what they represent than what they are)

26
Q

Hyperreality

A

the ultra-bright, fast-moving, sensory overload world produced by the mass media– which overwhelms the dull material world underneath
• impossible for us to distinguish between reality and manufactured hyperreality

27
Q

Cultural Studies

A
  • sociological study of various aspects of cultures– both ‘high are’ and mass entertainment
  • examines movies, tv, news etc to see what we can learn about a society from them
28
Q

Male Gaze

A
  • Feminist concept to describe the way women are generally expected to present themselves to be judged by men
  • Women are trained to spend a long time looking good to attract the ubiquitous male eye
29
Q

Orientalism

A
  • tendency for Europeans/ western writers to depict other parts of world (especially Asia) as ‘mysterious’ and ‘magical’
  • Makes these areas seem irrational and pre-modern–? only there for white man to ‘find’
30
Q

The Other

A
  • theoretical term to describe any group marked out as different from or somehow inferior to ‘the norm’
  • linked to idea of ALTERITY, suggesting dominant groups always define themselves against some Other

Sociology 100 (13 decks)

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