med term final exam Flashcards
ather/o
plaque, fatty substance
arteri/o
artery
scler/o
hard
abdomin/o
abdomen
erythr/o
erythrocytes, red blood cells
leuk/o
leukocytes, white blood cells
HTN
Hypertension is a condition in which an individual’s blood pressure is higher than normal.
excessive, increased
hyper
surgical procedure
cenesis
cancerous tumor
carcinoma
vertical plane that divides the body into unequal left and right portions
saggital plane
midline, divides the body in equal left and right halves
mid- saggital plane
horizontal plane that divides the body into superior and inferior
transverse plane
vertical plane that is into anterior and posterior
frontal (coronal) plane
a general increase in the bulk of a body part or organ that is due to an increase in the size but not in the number of cells in the tissues.
hypertrophic
any disease without a known cause
idiopathic disease
lumb/o
lumbar, lower back
myel/o
spinal cord, bone marow
poly
many
dactyl/o
finger or toe
cost/o
ribs
sole of the foot, ankle, edge of the eyelid]
tars/o
femor/o
thigh bone
surgical removal of the skull
craniectomy
inflammation of the bone marrow and adjacent bone
osteomyelitis
inflammation of the cartilage that connects a rib to the sternum
costochondritis
chondr
cartillage
normal sized RBC
normocyte
Immture RBC
reticulocyte
cell that helps with blood clotting
thrombocyte
oval shaped RBC
elliptocyte
drug that breaks down blood clots
thrombolytic
drug that stops the flow of blood
hemostatic
drug that prevents cougulation of blood
anticoagulant
to pour out
ecchy
abbreviation for normal heart rhythm
NSR (normal sinus rhythm)
my/o
muscle
ic
pertaining to
any sudden involuntary contraction of one or more muscles
spasm
ROM
range of motion testing
OA
Osteoarthritis
RA
Rheumatoid arthritis
hemat/o
blood
phleb/o
vein
ven/o
vein
transports blood from the upper portion of the body to the heart
superior vena cava
hardening and narrowing of the arteries caused by a buildup of cholesterol plaque on the interior walls of the arteries.
atherosclerosis
any group of diseases characterized by thickening and the loss of elasticity of arterial walls
arteriosclerosis
blood cells involved in defending the body against ineffective organisms and foreign substances
leukocytes
mature red blood cells that transport oxygen to the tissues
erythrocytes
OD
right eye
OS
left eye
OU
each eye
AD
right ear
AS
left ear
AU
each ear
to cut/ incise
otomy
artificially created opening
ostomy
lapar/o
abdomen
proct/o
anus and rectum
4 parts of the heart
Right atrium, Right ventricle, Left atrium, Left ventricle
applied to surace of area to be anesthetized
topical anethesia
affect on consciousness
local anesthesia
complete lack of consciousness
general anesthesia
injection into a nerve causing loss of sensation over a particular area
regional anesthesia
blood loss caused by a blockage in brain
ischemic stroke
hardening of artery in brain
cerebral arteriosclerosis
mini stroke
TIA tansient ischemic attack
blood loss caused by rupture of blood vessel in brain
hemorrhagic stroke
widening/abnormal dilatation of blood vessel in brain
cerebral aneurysm
hardening of an artery in the brain due to buildup of fatty plaque
cerebral atherosclerosis
how to pronounce cholecystogram
KOH- lay - SIS- toh - gram
how to pronounce urologist
yoo - RAWL - oh - jist
how to pronounce seborrhea
seb - or- EE - ah
how to pronounce abdominocentesis
ab - DAW - min - oh - sin - TEE - sis
how to pronounce colonoscopy
COH - loh - NAWS - koh - pee
abbreviation for hypertension
HTN
abbreviation for normal heart rhythm
NSR
swollen glands, inflammation of the lymph nodes
lymphadenitis
any substance that the body regards as being foreign.
antigen
a condition where the body doesn’t have enough disease-fighting leukocytes in the blood.
Leukopenia
pain of the spleen
splenalgia
HCT
hematocrit
C + S
culture + sensitivity
hyper kal emia
high potassium blood condition
hypo natr emia
low sodium blood condition
medicines that help prevent blood clots
Anticoagulant
A state of balance among all the body systems needed for the body to survive and function correctly.
homeostasis
“clot-busting” drugs that break up and dissolve blood clots that get in the way of your blood flow.
Thrombolytics
primary function of the spleen
Your spleen’s main function is to act as a filter for your blood. It recognizes and removes old, malformed, or damaged red blood cells.
accumulation of air in the pleural space resulting in a pressure imbalance that causes the lung to fully or partially collapse.
pneumothorax
lung, air
pneum/o
bronchiol/o
bronchial tube
surgical puncture of the chest wall with a needle to obtain fluid from the pleural cavity
thoracentesis
procedure in which an incision is made into the trachea to gain access to the airway below a blockage.
tracheotomy
a group of lung diseases in which the bronchial airflow is obstructed, making it difficult to breathe out.
COPD
stomat/o
mouth
enter/o
small intestine
proct/o
anus and recutm
odont/o
teeth
NPO
nothing by mouth
N & V
nausea, vomiting
BM
bowel movement
A tube that is inserted through the nose, down the throat and esophagus, and into the stomach. It can be used to give drugs, liquids, and liquid food
NGT nasogastric tube
Gastroesophageal reflux disease
GERD
inserted through the abdominal wall, to examine the inside of the abdomen
laparscopy
examination of the contents of the peritoneum with a peritoneoscope passed through the abdominal wall.
preritonoscopy
A procedure that uses a proctoscope to look inside the anus and rectum.
proctoscopy
Examination of the lower colon using a sigmoidoscope, inserted into the rectum
sigmoidoscopy
Inflammation of the lining of the stomach and the intestines.
gastroenteritis
enlargement of the liver beyond its normal size.
heptamegaly
the vomiting of blood,
Hematemesis
Surgery to create an opening into the jejunum (part of the small intestine) from the outside of the body
jejenumotomy
pronounce colonoscoppy
kowluhnaaskuhpee
a fatty tumour or cyst of the sebaceous gland.
steatatoma
oophor/o
ovary
IVF
in virto fertilization
ren/o
kidney
UA
urinalysis
kidney disease.
Nephropathy
pyel/o
pelvis
inflammation of the bladder.
cystitis
inflammation of the kidneys.
Nephritis
genetic disorder that causes many fluid-filled cysts to grow in your kidneys.
polycystic kidney disease
urine from the bladder backs up to the tubes
vesicoureteral reflux
involuntary urination or “wetting.”
enuresis
condition in which the kidneys filter too much bodily fluid.
diuresis
painful urination,
dysuria
a potassium level in your blood that’s higher than normal.
hyperkalemia
how to pronounce urologist
yoo
raa
·uh
·juhst
when the level of sodium in your blood is lower than normal.
hyponatremia
a type of urinary tract infection where one or both kidneys become infected.
pyonephritis
main function of kidneys
The main job of the kidneys is to remove waste from the blood and return the cleaned blood back to the body.
a branch of medical science dealing with the action of drugs on and in the nervous system.
neuropharmacology
inflammation of several peripheral nerves at the same time.
polyneuritis
syndrome of primary motivational loss, that is, loss of motivation not attributable to emotional distress,
apathy
impaired thinking, remembering or reasoning that can affect a person’s ability to function safely.
dementia
surgical removal of a whole lobe (section) of an organ (such as the lungs, liver, brain, or thyroid gland)
lobectomy
benign tumor of nerve tissue
neuroma
tending to produce sleep
hypnotic
myring/o
tympanic membrane, eardrum
lacrim/o
tear :(
word part for Ciliary body is a circular structure that is attached to the iris, the colored part of the eye.
cycl/o
an inflammation or irritation of the cornea.
Keratitis
earache. pain in the ear.
otodynia
the gradual loss of your eyes’ ability to focus on nearby objects.
Presbyopia
disease of the retina.
Retinopathy
steat/o
fat
lip/o
fat
adip/o
fat, fatty tissue,
small bruise caused by blood leaking from broken blood vessels into the tissues of the skin or mucous membranes. extravasation
ecchymosis
Bx
biopsy
Ephelides are flat and usually red or tan-to-brown in color.
freckle
how to pronounce seborrhea
seh
·
br
·
ee
·
uh
FBS
Fasting blood sugar
occurs when the body’s sex glands (gonads) produce little or no hormones
Hypogonadism
excessive thirst.
polydipsia
any condition in which the male breast volume is enlarged due to an increase in ductal tissue, stroma, or fat.
gynecomastia
A process in which glucose (sugar) is partially broken down by cells in enzyme reactions that do not need oxygen.
glycolysis
symptoms of diabetes mellutus
Increased thirst (polydipsia) and dry mouth.
Frequent urination.
Fatigue.
Blurred vision.
Unexplained weight loss.
enlargement of the adrenal glands.
Adrenomegaly
is a disorder in which the parathyroid glands in the neck do not produce enough parathyroid hormone (PTH).
Hypoparathyroidism
hyster/o
uterus,
metr/o
uterus
gynex/o
female
lact/o
milk
mam/o
breast
mast/o
breast
LMP
last menustrual period
CS
caesarean section
plastic surgery of the breast
mammoplasty
Hct
hematocrit test
CBC
complete blood count
c& s
culture and sensitivity
two times a day
BID
three times a day
TID
The amount of whole blood that is made up of red blood cells.
hematocrit
painkillers, are medications that relieve different types of pain
Analgesics
is the body position in which a person is lying flat on their front, face down
prone
Puncture of the abdomen with an instrument for withdrawal of fluid from the abdominal cavity.
abdominocentesis
