med term final Flashcards
rupture
Rrhexis
act of rotating the arm so that the palm of the hand is forward or upward.
supination
the formation of pus
suppuration
a torn or jagged wound or an accidental cut
laceration
a pathological change of the tissues due to disease or injury
lesion
last and longest portion of the small intestine.
ileum
ilium
part of the hip bone
surgical removal
ectomy
tissue death
necrosis
abnormal hardening
sclerosis
abnormal narrowing
stenosis
abnormal softening
malacia
surgical repair
plasty
is the surgical creation of an artificial opening to the body,
Ostomy
surgical incision
otomy
an examination technique in which the examiners hands to feel texture of body parts,
palpation
a deposit of fatty plaque within the wall of an artery
atheroma
pounding or racing heart.
palpitation
a prediction of the probable course and outcome of a disease
prognosi
a disease, structure, operation or procedure named for the person who discovered or described it first
eponym
the identification of a disease
diagnosis
a set of signs and symptoms that occur together as part of a specific disease process
syndrome
A physician who specializes in the care of older people
gerontologist
a genetic disorder that is passed from parent to child 50-50 chance getting it.
Huntington’s disease
the process through which the body maintains a constant internal environment
homeostasis
an abnormal condition that exists at the time of birth
congenital disorder
basic structural and functional units of the body
cells
group or layer of similarly specialized cells that join together to perform certain specific functions.
tissues
A substitute for a diseased or missing body part, such as a leg that has been amputated.
prosthesis
on the lateral side of the thigh. This muscle is the largest of the quadriceps.
lateralis
pertaining to the formation of blood cells
hematopoietic
degenerative disorder can cause the loss of normal spinal structure and function.
spondylosis
the wider ends of long bones such as the femurs of the legs
epiphysis
the shaft of a long bone
diaphysis
The collar bone is located connected to the sternum and to the scapula.
clavicle
funny bone, located in the proximal tip of the ulna.
olecranon
breast bone, located in the middle of the chest.
sternum
kneecap, the bony anterior portion of the bone.
patella
ankle bones
tarsals
form the part of foot where the toes are attached
metatarsals
the bones that form the wrist.
carpals
the bony structure that forms the upper portion of the sternum.
manubrium
form most of the upper jaw.
maxillary
jawbone, attached to the skull.
mandible
slightly curved triangular shaped bone near the base of the spine that forms the lower portion of the back
sacrum
abnormal increase in the outward curvature as viewed from the side.
kyphosis
abnormal increase in the forward curvature of the lumber spine
lordosis
abnormal lateral curvature of the spine
scilliosis
A congenital defect that occurs during early pregnancy when the spinal canal fails to close completely around the spinal cord to protect it.
spina bifida
a chronic autoimmune disorder in which the joints and some of other body systems are attacked.
rheumatoid arthritis
wear and tear arthritis, most commonly associated with aging.
osteoarthritis
relatively rare malignant tumor that originates in the bone.
primary cancer
occurs when cancer cells metastasize
secondary cancer
inflexible layers of dense connective tissues hold the bones tightly together.
fibrous joints
allow slight movement and consist of bones connected entirely by cartilage.
cartilaginous joints
created where two bones articulate to permit a varierty of motions.
synovial joints
Destruction, loose
lysis
a band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together abnormally
adhesions
the act of rotating the arm or leg so that the palm of the hand or sole of the foot is turned downward or backward.
pronation
the act of rotating the arm or leg o that the palm of the hand or sole of the foot is turned forward or upward.
supination
circular movement around an axis such as the shouldur joint
rotation
the circuar movement at the far end of a limb.
circumduction
bend the neck and rotate the head
sternocleidomastoid
made up of four muscles
quadriceps femoris-
thick fan shaped muscle situated on the anterior chest wall
pectoralis major-
not having control over muscles and they are smooth
involuntary muscles fibers
paralysis of both legs and the lower part of the body
paraplegia
paralysis of all four extremities
quadriplegia
total paralysis affecting one side of the body
hemiplegia
Which type of cyst is a benign, fluid-filled lump that is usually on the outer surface of the wrist or hand; it is usually painless, doesn’t require treatment, and is most common on women between the age of 20-40?
gangilion cyst
where the muscle begins.
muscle origin
where the muscle ends by attachhing to a bone or tendon
muscle insertio
decrease in the number of disease fighting white blood cells circulating in the blood
leukopenia
an abnormal swelling or bulge in the wall of a blood vessel, such as an artery
aneurysm
a foreign object such as a blood clot
embolus
the lost of normal rhythm of the heart beat
cardiac arrhythmia-
the blocking of an artery by a thrombus
thrombotic occlusion-
peripheral artieral occlusive diease in which the intermittent attacks are triggered by cold temperatures or sress.
Raynaud’s disease-
the middle and thickest of the hearts 3 layers
myocardium
located between the right ventricle and the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery
mitral valve
controls the opening between the right atrium and the right ventricle
tricuspid valve
causes fluid to backup which results in edema.
congestive heart failure:
Which structure within the heart is considered our “natural pacemaker” since it establishes the basic rhythm and rate of the heartbeat:
sinoatrial
What does blood pressure indicate:
the measure of the amount of systolic and diastolic pressure exerted against the walls of arteries.
occurs when the ventricles contract and is the highest pressure
systolic
which occurs when the ventricles are relaxed, lowest pressure.
diastolic
specializes in diagnoaing and treating disorders of the immune system
immunologist-
a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating malignant disorders such as tumors and cancer
oncologist
swollen glands, inflammation of lymph nodes
lymphadenitis-
the state of being resistant to a specific disease
immunity
lymphocytes play a role in cell mediated immunity
T cells-
bind with specific antigens in the antigen antibody response
immunoglobulin
specialized lymphocytes that produce antibodies
B cells-
disease fighting protein caused by the immune system in response to the prescense of a specific antigen
antibodies
a toxin or other foreign substance which induces an immune response in the body, especially the production of antibodies.
antigens
a substance that prevents or reduces the bodys normal immune response.
immunosuppressant
the lymphatic vessels of the small intestine which absorb digested fats.
lacteals
one cells microscopic organisms t
bacteria
a simple parasitic organism
fungus
very small infectious agents that live only by invading other cells
virus
a viral infection characterized by a low grade fever, swollen glands, inflamed eyes
rubella
shingles, is an acture viral infecttion characterized by painful skin eruptions that follow the underlying route of an inflammed nerve
herpes zoster/shingles-
an acute viral infection that is transmitted to humans through the bite or saliva of an infected animal
rabies
mono, cuased by epstein barr virus.
infectious mononucleosis-
a plant or animal that lives on or within another living organism at the expense of that organism
parasite
nasopharaygal tonsils locatd in naasopharynx
adenoids
process by which cancer is spread to a new site
Metastasis
to transport air to and from the lungs
trachea
e happens when the body’s natural defense system can’t tell the difference between your own cells and foreign cells, causing the body to mistakenly attack normal cells.
autoimmune disease
two large tubes which branch out from the trachea
bronchi
the expectoration of blood or blood stained septum derived from the lungs or brnchial tubes
hemoptysis
The thick mucous
phlegm-
can occur when a foreign substance such as vomit is inhaled into the lungs
aspiration pneumonia-
the middle section of the chest cavity and is located between of the lungs
mediastinum
thin, moist and slippery membrane that covers the outer surface of the lungs and lines the inner surface of the thoracic cavity
pleura
air filled cavities lined with mucouse membrane are located in bones of the skull
sinuses
air sacs, very small grapelike clusters found at the end of each broncichole
alveoli
diffuculty in speaking whcich may lead to an imaprjrmemnt in vocal quality
dysphonia-
the loss or absense of the ability of the layrnx to produce normal speech sounds
aphonia-
Percussion helps break up thick fluids in the lungs.
chest percussion-
bluish discoloration from the skin
cyanosis
voice box
larynx
the excess accumulation of fluid in the pleural space
pleural effusion-
posterior to the nasal cavity and continues downward to behind the mouth
nasopharynx
the portion that is visible when looking into the mouth
oropharynx
lid like structure located at base of the tounge so that food does not enter the trachea and the lungs.
epiglottis
also shared by both the respiratory and digestive sysstems
laryngopharynx
life threatening genetic disorder in which the lungs and pancreas are clogged with large quanties of thick mucus
cystic fibrosis
Acute respiratory distress syndrome
ARDS
chronic obstuctive pulomanry diseas
COPD
sudden infant syndrome
SIDS
upper respiratory infection
URI
located in the left and right sides of the throar in the area that is visible in the back
palatine tonsils
located in the base of the tounge
lingual tonsils
