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ati comprehensive > Med-Surg: Respiratory System/1 > Flashcards

Med-Surg: Respiratory System/1 Flashcards

1
Q

mantoux test induration

2

A
  1. 10 mm or more = positive

2. 5 mm may be considered significant if patient is immunocompromised

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2
Q

how to administer mantoux test

1

A
  1. administer 0.1 ml PPD ID to upper half inner surface of forearm
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3
Q

asthma meds for anti-inflammatory

2

A
  1. corticosteroids - fluticasone, prednisone

2. leukotriene antagonists - montelukast

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4
Q

asthma dx procedures

3

A
  1. abgs
  2. sputum culture
  3. pulmonary function tests
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5
Q

pulmonary emphysema manifestations

9

A
  1. dyspnea with productive cough
  2. difficult exhalation, pursed lip breathing
  3. wheezing
  4. crackles
  5. barrel chest
  6. shallow, rapid respirations
  7. respiratory acidosis with hypoxia
  8. weight loss
  9. clubbing fingers
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6
Q

CB manifestations

4

A
  1. productive cough
  2. thick, tenacious sputum
  3. hypoxemia
  4. respiratory acidosis
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7
Q

pre bronchoscopy NPO

A

8-12 hours

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8
Q

inflammation and hypersecretion of mucus in the bronchi and bronchioles caused by chronic exposure to irritants

A

chronic bronchitis

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9
Q

mantoux test - assess for reaction when

A

48-72 hours following injection

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10
Q

status asthmaticus - prepare for emergency what

A

intubation

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11
Q

mantoux test is positive but diagnosis must be confirmed how

A

sputum culture for presence of acid-fast bacillus (AFB)

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12
Q

cor pulmonale manifestations

7

A
  1. hypoxia and hypoxemia
  2. extreme dyspnea
  3. cyanotic lips
  4. JVD
  5. dependent edema
  6. hepatomegaly
  7. pulmonary HTN
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13
Q

thoracentesis - have what at bedside

A

chest tube

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14
Q

bronchoscopy is used to see or do what?

5

A
  1. larynx
  2. trachea
  3. bronchi
  4. obtain tissue biopsy
  5. foreign body removal
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15
Q

complications of COPD

A

cor pulmonale - right sided HF caused by pulmonary disease

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16
Q

pulmonary emphysema contributing factors

5

A
  1. cig smoke - passive smoke inhalation
  2. advanced age
  3. exposure to air pollution
  4. alpha-antitrypsin def
  5. occupational dust
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17
Q

COPD - assess cardiac for

A

signs of right sided failure

18
Q

bronchoscopy post op observe what

5

A
  1. gag reflex
  2. bleeding
  3. respiratory distress
  4. VSs
  5. LOC
19
Q

destruction of alveoli, narrowing of bronchioles, and trapping of air resulting in loss of lung elasticity

A

pulmonary emphysema

20
Q 
ABGs - how to take
4
-sample
-keep
-apply
-monitor
A
  1. sample is drawn into a heparinized syringe
  2. keep on ice and transport immediately
  3. apply direct pressure min. 5 minutes
  4. monitor for hematoma
21
Q

allows the most accurate method of assessing respiratory function

A

ABGs

22
Q

dx procedures for COPD

5

A
  1. chest x ray
  2. pulmonary function tests - air remains trapped in lungs
  3. pulse ox - often less than 90
  4. abgs - chronic respiratory acidosis
  5. CT
23
Q

WFT-GT and T-SPOT.TB

A

identify the presence of myocobacterium tuberculosis infection by measuring the immune response to the TB bacteria in whole blood

24
Q

COPD - calories

A

encourage high calorie foods

25
Q

pulmonary emphysema

A

destruction of alveoli, narrowing of bronchioles, and trapping of air resulting in loss of lung elasticity

26
Q

COPD cor pulmonale nursing interventions

2

A
  1. encourage a low sodium diet

2. maintain fluid balance with possible fluid restriction

27
Q

astham attack - positioning

A

high fowlers

28
Q

ABGs - perform Allen test if

A

no arterial line

29
Q

COPD cor pulmonale medications

2

A
  1. diuretics

2. digoxin

30
Q

thoracentesis - max amount of fluid to be removed at one time

A

1 liter

31
Q

ABGs puncture site

A

apply direct pressure for at least 5 mins

32
Q

status asthmaticus - administer what as prescribed

3

A
  1. oxygen
  2. epinephrine
  3. systemic steroid
33
Q

COPD - encourage immunizations for

2

A

pneumonia

influenza

34
Q

asthma - late sign

A

cyanosis

35
Q

cor pulmonale is to

A

complication of COPD

36
Q 
bronchoscopy consideration
4
-obtain
-maintain
-position
-administer
A
  1. obtain informed consent
  2. maintain NPO 8-12 hours
  3. position upright
  4. administer meds are prescribed
37
Q

thoracentesis - obtain what before and after

A

chest x ray

38
Q

chronic bronchitis

A

inflammation and hypersecretion of mucus in the bronchi and bronchioles caused by chronic exposure to irritants

39
Q

COPD - encourage how much liquid a day

A

2-3 L

40
Q

asthma medication - bronchodilators

2

A
  1. short acting - albuterol

2. methylxanthines such as theophylline - monitor therapeutic range for toxicity

41
Q

digoxin

A

antiarhythmic - increased cardiac output by increase the contraction but slowing the HR

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