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ATI Comprehensive > Med-Surg: Musculoskeletal/1 > Flashcards

Med-Surg: Musculoskeletal/1 Flashcards

1
Q

arthroscopy

A

visualizes internal structs of shoulder or knee joints.

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2
Q

visualizes internal structs of shoulder or knee joints

A

arthroscopy

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3
Q

arthroscopy - cannot be done if

A

infection is present

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4
Q

arthroscopy - pt must be able to bend joint at least

A

40 degrees

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5
Q

arthroscopy post op

A

apply ice and elevate 24 hours post

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6
Q

bone scan

A

radioactive medium is injected for viewing entire skeleton, primary to detect tumors, arthritis, osteomylitis, osteoporosis, and more

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7
Q

bone scan - when to administer isotopes

A

4-6 prior to testing

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8
Q

bone scan instructions

2

A
  1. lie still 30-60 mins while being performed

2. increase fluids post

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9
Q

dexa scan

A

most common screening tool for measuring bone mineral density for dx osteopenia and osteoporosis

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10
Q

most common screening tool for measuring bone mineral density for dx osteopenia and osteoporosis

A

dexa scan

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11
Q

dexa scan is the baseline for

A

women in their 40s

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12
Q

dexa scan instructions

3

A
  1. wear loose fitting clothes without sippers or metal
  2. must remove jewelry
  3. stop vitamin D and calcium 48 hours prior
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13
Q

EMG and nerve conduction studies

A

used to evaluate muscle weakness by emission of low freq electrical stimulation

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14
Q

EMG instructions

2

A
  1. client will perform activities for measurement of muscle activity
  2. observe needle site for hematoma
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15
Q

MRI is contraindicated in pts with

3

A
  1. pacemaker
  2. stents
  3. surgical clips
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16
Q

MRI and titanium joints

A

okay to have MRI

17
Q

MRI intra op

A

lay supine 45-60 mins

18
Q

musculoskeletal common labs

7

A
  1. serum calcium
  2. serum phosphorus
  3. alkaline phosphatase
  4. creatine kinase
  5. lactic dehydrogenase
  6. asparatate aminotransferase
  7. aldolase
19
Q

osteoarthritis

A

progressive degenerative deterioration and loss of cartilage in one or more joints

20
Q

progressive degenerative deterioration and loss of cartilage in one or more joints

A

osteoarthritis

21
Q

OA cont. factors

6

A
  1. aging
  2. female
  3. metabolic disease
  4. obesity
  5. repetitive use or abuse of joints
  6. smoking
22
Q

OA manif.

8

A
  1. chronic joint pain and stiffness
  2. pain diminished after rest or worse at activity
  3. creptius (grating sound or sensation)
  4. limited movement
  5. Heberden’s nodes (closest to end of fingers and toes)
  6. Bouchard’s nodes (middle joint)
  7. excess joint fluid
  8. skeletal muscle atrophy
23
Q

heberden’s node is to

A

OA - nodes at end of fingers and toes

24
Q

Bouchard’s node is to

A

OA - nodes at middle joints

25
Q

OA dx procedures

3

A
  1. x ray
  2. MRI
  3. ESR and CRP - elevated
26
Q

OA NI

5

A
  1. use ice or heat
  2. ROM and isometric exercises
  3. rest and sleep
  4. PT
  5. assistive devices
27
Q

RA

A

chronic, progressive autoimmune CT disorder primarily affecting synovial joints

28
Q

chronic, progressive autoimmune CT disorder primarily affecting synovial joints

A

RA

29
Q

RA CFs

4

A
  1. physical and emotional stress
  2. female
  3. young to middle age
  4. family hx
30
Q

RA manif.

8

A
  1. morning stiffness
  2. pain at rest or after immobility
  3. bilateral joint inflammation
  4. decreased ROM
  5. joint deformity - late stage
  6. warmth, redness, edema
  7. dry eyes and mouth - Sjogren’s syndrome
  8. numbness, burning, tingling in hands/feets
31
Q

OA or RA - morning stiffness

A

RA

32
Q

OA or RA - pain reduced after rest

A

OA

33
Q

bilateral joint inflammation

A

RA

34
Q

Sjogren’s syndrome

A

RA - dry mouth and eyes

35
Q

RA dx. procedures

7

A
  1. x ray
  2. MRI
    • rheumatoid factor
  4. synovial fluid analysis
  5. antinuclear antibody test
  6. ESR
  7. CRP
36
Q

RA - DMARDs rx

3

A
  1. methotrexate
  2. leflunomide
  3. hydroxychloroquine
37
Q

RA - tx for severe, life threatening exacerbation

A

plasmapheresis

ATI Comprehensive (17 decks)

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