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ATI Comprehensive > Med-Surg: Fluid & Electrolytes/2 > Flashcards

Med-Surg: Fluid & Electrolytes/2 Flashcards

1
Q

hypernatremia manifestations

8

A
  1. fever
  2. swollen, dry tongue
  3. hallucintaions
  4. lethargy, restlessness, irritable
  5. seizures
  6. tachycardia
  7. hyperreflexia, twitching
  8. pulmonary edema
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2
Q

hypercalcemia manifestations

8

A
  1. muscle weakness
  2. hypercalciuria/kidney stones
  3. dysrhythmias
  4. lethargy/coma
  5. hyporeflexia
  6. polyuria, polydipsia
  7. HTN
  8. NV
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3
Q

hypernatremia risk factors

8

A
  1. dehydration
  2. GI loss
  3. hyperaldosteronism
  4. diabetes insipidus
  5. KF
  6. burns
  7. heatstroke
  8. corticosteroids
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4
Q

hyper or hypocalcemia - hypercalciuria/kidney stones

A

hyper

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5
Q

hyper or hyponatremia - anorexia, NV

A

hyponatremia

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6
Q

hyper or hyponatremia - headache

A

hypo

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7
Q

hyper or hypocalcemia - Chvostek’s sign

A

hypo

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8
Q

hyper or hypocalcemia - lethargy

A

hyper

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9
Q

hypocalcemia risk factors - disease process

4

A
  1. celiac disease
  2. lactose intolerance
  3. crohn’s disease
  4. alcohol use
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10
Q

hyper or hypocalcemia - flank pain

A

hyper

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11
Q

hypercalcemia risk factors - meds

4

A
  1. thiazide diuretics
  2. lithium
  3. steroids
  4. digoxin toxicity
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12
Q

hypocalcemia manifestations

6

A
  1. tetany
  2. cramps
  3. Trousseau’s sign
  4. Chvostek’s sign
  5. hyperreflexia
  6. impaired clotting time
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13
Q

hyper or hypocalcemia - pathological fractures

A

hyper

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14
Q

hyponatremia interventions

3

A
  1. sodium replacement
  2. restrict PO fluid intake
  3. medications - conivaptan hydrochloride
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15
Q

hyponatremia manifestations

11

A
  1. weakness
  2. lethargy
  3. confusion
  4. seizures
  5. headache
  6. anorexia
  7. NV
  8. muscle cramps
  9. twitching
  10. hypotension
  11. tachycardia
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16
Q

hyper or hypocalcemia - muscle weakness

A

hyper

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17
Q

hyper or hypocalcemia - hyperreflexia

A

hypo

18
Q

hypercalcemia interventions

4

A
  1. increase mobility
  2. isotonic IVF
  3. dialysis
  4. cardiac monitoring
19
Q

hyper or hypocalcemia - cramps

A

hypo

20
Q

hyper or hypocalcemia - impaired clotting time

A

hypocalcemia

21
Q

hypernatremia interventions

4

A
  1. seizure precautions
  2. IV fluid - hypotonic or isotonic
  3. diuretics
  4. increase oral fluid intake
22
Q

hyponatremia tx with hypertonic solutions - what is a risk

A

cerebral edema

23
Q

hyper or hyponatremia - weakness

A

hyponatremia

24
Q

hyponatremia risk factors from meds

5

A
  1. diuretics
  2. anticonvulsants
  3. SSRIs
  4. lithium
  5. demeclocycline
25
Q

calcium and phophorus

A

inverse relationship

26
Q

hyper or hypocalcemia - coma

A

hyper

27
Q

hyper or hypocalcemia - NV

A

hyper

28
Q

hypocalcemia risk factors

5

A
  1. hypoparathyroid
  2. hypomag
  3. KF
  4. vitamin D def
  5. GI loss - wound drainage, diarrhea
29
Q

calcitonin

A

hormone secreted by the thyroid that opposes hypercalcemia by increase reabsorption of calcium from the blood into the bones and helps excrete excess calcium out of the kidneys

30
Q

hypercalcemia interventions - meds

5

A
  1. furosemide
  2. calcitonin
  3. steroids
  4. bisphosphonates
  5. calcium cheltors
31
Q

hyper or hypocalcemia - tetany

A

hypo

32
Q

hyper or hypocalcemia - deep bone pain

A

hyper

33
Q

hyper or hypocalcemia - hyporeflexia

A

hyper

34
Q

hyper or hypocalcemia - Trousseau’s sign

A

hypo

35
Q

hypercalcemia risk factors

6

A
  1. hyperparathyroidism
  2. malignant disease
  3. prolonged immobilization
  4. dehydration
  5. vitamin D excess
  6. hyperthyroid
36
Q

hyper or hypocalcemia - HTN

A

hyper

37
Q

what is IV calcium diluted in

A

D5W, never NS!

38
Q

hyponatremia risk factors

6

A
  1. GI loss
  2. SIADH
  3. adrenal insuff.
  4. NPO status
  5. water intoxication
  6. excessive diaphoresis
39
Q

hyper or hypocalcemia - polyuria, polydipsia

A

hyper

40
Q

hypocalcemia interventions

5

A
  1. seizure precautions
  2. IV calcium
  3. daily calcium supplements
  4. vitamin D therapy
  5. monitor for OH

ATI Comprehensive (17 decks)

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