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ATI Comprehensive > Med-Surg: Endocrine/1 > Flashcards

Med-Surg: Endocrine/1 Flashcards

1
Q

anterior pit gland secretes these hormones

7

A
  1. ACTH
  2. FSH
  3. LH
  4. gonadotropic hormones
  5. prolactin
  6. GH
  7. TSH
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2
Q

posterior pit gland secretes

2

A

ADH/vasopressin

oxytocin

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3
Q

DI

A

def of ADH

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4
Q

DI manif.

10

A
  1. low urine specific gravity/diluted
  2. decrease urine osmolality
  3. hypernatremia (serum)
  4. polyuria
  5. polydipsia
  6. dehydration
  7. weight loss
  8. muscle weakness
  9. dry skin
  10. hemoconcentration
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5
Q

DI dx test

4

A
  1. water fluid deprivation test
  2. vasopressin test
  3. MRI
  4. 24 hour urine
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6
Q

DI meds

2

A
  1. desmopressin acetate

2. vasopressin - lifelong

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7
Q

SIADH

A

excessive release of ADH resulting in the inability to excrete appropriate amount of urine

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8
Q

SIADH mani

8

A
  1. increased urine specific gravity - concentrated
  2. hyponatremia
  3. decreased serum osmolality - diluted
  4. mental confusion, irritability
  5. lethargy
  6. seizures
  7. increased ADH/vasopressin levels
  8. weight gain
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9
Q

SIADH NIs

3

A
  1. restrict fluid intake to 500 ml - 1000 ml/day
  2. monitor for increased BP, tachycardia, hypothermia
  3. monitor mental status
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10
Q

SIADH meds

4

A
  1. hypertonic saline - 3-5%
  2. loop diuretics
  3. demeclocycline
  4. vasopressin receptor antagonists - conivaptan
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11
Q

demeclocycline is to

A

med for SIADH

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12
Q

conivaptan is to

A

med for SIADH - vasopressin receptor antagonist

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13
Q

adrenal cortex procudes

A

glucocorticoids - cortisol
mineralcorticoids - aldosterone
sex hormones

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14
Q

adrenal medulla produces

A

catecholamines epi and norepi

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15
Q

addison’s disease aka

A

adrenal insufficiency

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16
Q

addison’s disease/adrenal insuff.

A

hyposecretion of adrenal cortex hormones, caused by autoimmune disease, TB, or more

17
Q

memory hint: with Addison’s disease, you need to?

A

ADD cortisol

18
Q

addison’s disease manifes.

10

A
  1. weakness
  2. fatigue
  3. NV
  4. hyperpigmentation
  5. hypotension
  6. tachycardia
  7. hypoglycemic
  8. hyponatremic
  9. hyperkalemic
  10. hypercalcemic
19
Q

addisonian crisis aka

A

adrenal crisis

20
Q

addisonian crisis/adrenal crisis s/s

4

A

characterized by signs of shock:

  1. hypotension
  2. tachycardia
  3. tachypnea
  4. pallor
21
Q

addison’s disease meds

3

A
  1. hydrocortisone
  2. prednisone
  3. cortisone
22
Q

addison’s disease diet

A

high protein high carb

23
Q

cushings manif.

11

A
  1. upper body obesity and thin extremities
  2. moon face
  3. buffalo hump
  4. skin fragility with purple striae
  5. osteoporosis
  6. hyperglycemic
  7. hypernat
  8. hypokalemic
  9. hypocalemic
  10. hirsutism
  11. amenorrhea
24
Q

cushings diet

5

A 
high in protein
high in calcium
low in carbs
low in sodium
K supplements
25
Q

hyperaldosteronism aka

A

conn’s disease

26
Q

hyperaldosteronism/conn’s

A

hypersecretion of aldosterone from adrenal cortex, usually due to tumor, clinical manifestations of cushing’s

27
Q

conn’s disease NIs

4

A
  1. quiet environment
  2. check BP and cardiac
  3. monitor K and prepare for replacement
  4. IOs
28
Q

conn’s meds

2

A
  1. antihypertensive - spironolactone

2. eplerenone - blocks aldosterone

29
Q

pheochromocytoma

A

usually benign tumor of the adrenal medulla that causes hypersecretion of epi and norepi

30
Q

usually benign tumor of the adrenal medulla that causes hypersecretion of epi and norepi

A

pheochromocytoma

31
Q

pheochromocytoma manif. - 5 H’s

A
  1. HTN
  2. headache
  3. hyperhidrosis
  4. hypermetabolism
  5. hyperglycemia
32
Q

pheochromocytoma meds prior surgery

A

alpha (phentolamine) and beta blockers to diminish the effect of norep prior to surgery

33
Q

pheochromocytoma meds

3

A
  1. alpha and beta blockers
  2. sodium nitroprusside
  3. CCB - nifedipine

ATI Comprehensive (17 decks)

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