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L3 (1ST BMEX) > MED ETHICS BMEX > Flashcards

MED ETHICS BMEX Flashcards

1
Q

The circumstances from which Confidentiality can be overruled include the following except

A. Where the patient has consented to the sharing of information
B. Where not sharing the patient’s information puts the patient, or others, in danger
C. Where the patient lacks capacity and sharing information is of overall benefit to the patient
D. No exception. All are correct.

A

D. No exception. All are correct.

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2
Q

The morality of an action is based on whether you followed the rules, rather than what the consequence of following them was.

A. Utilitarianism
B. Consequentialism
C. Deontology
D. Theology

A

C. Deontology

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3
Q

An ethical ideology that morality of an action is dependent purely on its results.

A. Utilitarianism
B. Consequentialism
C. Deontology
D. Theology

A

B. Consequentialism

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4
Q

It is the principle that when weighing up if something is ethical or not, we have to think about whether it’s compatible with the law, the patient’s rights, and if it’s fair and balanced.

A. Beneficence
B. Justice
C. Non-maleficence
D. Autonomy

A

B. Justice

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5
Q

Medical practitioner has a duty to do no harm nor allow harm to be caused to a patient through neglect.

A. Beneficence
B. Maleficence
C. Non-maleficence
D. Autonomy

A

C. Non-maleficence

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6
Q

In the Hippocratic Oath the principle of primary importance Primum non nocere literally translates to?

A. Men and women for others
B. For the greater glory of God
C. Above all do no harm
D. Primary care first

A

C. Above all do no harm

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7
Q

Means that a medical practitioner cannot impose treatment on an individual for whatever reason – except in cases where that individual is deemed to be unable to make independent decisions.

A. Beneficence
B. Maleficence
C. Non-maleficence
D. Autonomy

A

D. Autonomy

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8
Q

Means that a patient has the ultimate decision-making responsibility for their own treatment.

A. Beneficence
B. Maleficence
C. Non-maleficence
D. Autonomy

A

D. Autonomy

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9
Q

Ensures that healthcare professionals consider individual circumstances and remember that what is good for one patient may not necessarily be great for another.

A. Beneficence
B. Maleficence
C. Non-maleficence
D. Autonomy

A

A. Beneficence

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10
Q

Means that all medical practitioners have a moral duty to promote the course of action that they believe is in the best interests of the patient.

A. Beneficence
B. Maleficence
C. Non-maleficence
D. Autonomy

A

A. Beneficence

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11
Q

T/F: Professional fees should be commensurate to the services rendered with due consideration to the patient’s financial status, nature of the case, time consumed and the professional standing and skill of the physician in the community.

A

True

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12
Q

T/F: The primary objective of the practice of medicine is service to mankind irrespective of race, age, disease, disability, gender, sexual orientation, social distancing, creed or political affiliation.

A

True

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13
Q

T/F: In medical practice, reward or financial gain should be a principal consideration.

A

False

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14
Q

T/F: On entering the profession, a physician assumes the obligation of maintaining the honorable tradition that confers the well-deserved title of a “friend of mankind”.

A

True

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15
Q

T/F: The physician should cherish a proper pride in the calling and conduct himself/herself in accordance with this Code and in the generally accepted principles of the International Code of Medical Ethics.

A

True

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16
Q

T/F: Physicians should fulfill the civic duties of a good citizen, must conform to the laws and cooperate with the proper authorities in the application of medical knowledge for the promotion of the common welfare.

A

True

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17
Q

T/F: Physicians should work together in harmony and mutual respect.

A

True

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18
Q

T/F: Physicians should cooperate with and safeguard the interest, reputation and dignity of paramedical and other health professionals.

A

True

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19
Q

T/F: Physicians should be upright, diligent, sober, modest and well versed in both the science and the art of the profession.

A

True

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20
Q

T/F: The promotion and advancement of the health of all patients should be prioritized together with the benefits of the physicians and health products industries.

A

False

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21
Q

T/F: A physician should be dedicated to provide competent medical care with full professional skill in accordance with the current standards of care, compassion, independence and respect for human dignity.

A

True

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22
Q

T/F: A physician should be free to choose patients.

A

True

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23
Q

T/F: In an emergency, even if there is risk to his or her safety, a physician should administer at least first aid treatment and then refer the patient to the primary physician and/or to a more competent health provider and appropriate facility if necessary.

A

False

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24
Q

T/F: In serious/difficult cases, or when the circumstances of the patient or the family so demand or justify, the attending physician should seek the assistance of the appropriate specialist.

A

True

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25
Q

T/F: A physician should exercise good faith and honesty in expressing opinion/s as to the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of a case under his/her care.

A

True

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26
Q

T/F: A physician shall respect the right of the patient to refuse medical treatment.

A

True

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27
Q

T/F: A physician shall not conceal nor exaggerate the patient’s condition except when it is to the latter’s best interest.

A

True

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28
Q

T/F: In case of unconsciousness or in a state of mental deficiency the informed consent may be given by a spouse or immediate relatives and in the absence of both, by the party authorized by an advanced directive of the patient.

A

True

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29
Q

T/F: Informed consent in the case of minor should be given by any members of the family.

A

False

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30
Q

T/F: The physician should hold as sacred and highly confidential whatever may be discovered or learned pertinent to the patient even after death, except when required in the promotion of justice, safety and public health.

A

True

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31
Q

Which acceptable netiquette behavior provides for the use of cultural and gender sensitive language when conveying ideas both in the spoken and online syntax encoding?

A. Be careful with humor and sarcasm
B. Be respectful
C. Be sensitive with online posts
D. Be aware of intellectual property right

A

B. Be respectful

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32
Q

What is the rationale for the social media protocol of Xavier University – Ateneo de Cagayan?

A. The spiritual legacy of St. Ignatius
B. Summa caritas
C. Spirituale caritas
D. Veritas liberabit vos

A

A. The spiritual legacy of St. Ignatius

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33
Q

What are the principles in communicating, according to the XU – ADC social media protocol?

A. Education, Professionalism, Responsibility, Accountability
B. True, Helpful, Professional, Accountable
C. Edification, Professionalism, Responsibility, Inspiring
D. True, Helpful, Inspiring, Necessary, Kind

A

D. True, Helpful, Inspiring, Necessary, Kind

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34
Q

In the SOM Code of Discipline, what is considered a minor offense?

A. Having a boyfriend or girlfriend
B. Laughing on the grounds of the school
C. Bringing playing cards
D. Hiding the uniform under a jacket

A

C. Bringing playing cards

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35
Q

Among those listed, which is a major offense against security?

A. Threatening or preventing students or any university personnel from discharging their duties
B. Tampering with a fire extinguisher or fire alarm
C. Attempting to bribe a school personnel
D. Instigating and/or engaging in activities which damage school property

A

B. Tampering with a fire extinguisher or fire alarm

36
Q

Among those listed, which is a major offense against dishonesty?

A. Stealing/robbery/theft or assisting in the perpetration thereof
B. Distorting or alternating university graphic standards
C. Deliberate disregard or defiance of penalty or sanction imposed by the Dean of the Medical School or pertinent university authority
D. Forgery, tampering with and/or falsification of school documents or securing or using such documents

A

D. Forgery, tampering with and/or falsification of school documents or securing or using such documents

37
Q

T/F: A minor offense that is committed three times is considered a major offense.

A

True

38
Q

What is the definition of DUE PROCESS?

A. This is a requirement that matters be resolved according to established rules and principles
B. This is conducted to ensure the victory of one side of a conflict
C. This cannot be conducted when the other party in a conflict is absent
D. This is only conducted when confronted with a legal concern

A

A. This is a requirement that matters be resolved according to established rules and principles

39
Q

Our university emphasizes that administrative disciplinary proceedings are summary in nature.

A. They are subject to the rules of court
B. A lawyer should be available to defend the student’s position
C. It is important to provide sanctions for any violation of the code of discipline
D. This is no need for a formal written complaint

A

C. It is important to provide sanctions for any violation of the code of discipline

40
Q

What is a Final Character Probation?

A. Suspension
B. Disciplinary probation
C. Non-readmission
D. Exclusion

A

B. Disciplinary probation

41
Q

One of the following is unacceptable behavior according to the Xavier-Ateneo Netiquette

A. Joining the synchronous sessions in pajama bottoms
B. Excitedly greeting classmates Good Morning!
C. Forwarding an assignment to the class
D. Responding to a post with “Dilawan”

A

D. Responding to a post with “Dilawan”

42
Q

Which principle in communicating is described when a post should “do no harm”?

A. Professionalism
B. Helpful
C.Accountability
D. Edification
E. Kind

A

E. Kind

43
Q

In the guidelines on social media, which item refers to the avoidance of cyberbullying or fake news?

A. Edification
B. Professionalism
C. Responsibility
D. Accountability

A

A. Edification

44
Q

What is defined by a value statement that behaves like the constitution with general principles to guide behavior?

A. Code of Ethics
B. Code of Conduct

A

A. Code of Ethics

45
Q

Which offense exemplifies the willful disregard of Xavier University rules and regulations and considered inimical to the dignity of the members of the community?

A. Disregard of directives given by teachers and other school authorities
B. Being caught inside the faculty room without permission
C. Public display of affection with known boyfriend
D. Instigating a walkout on a graduation guest speaker who is a known activist

A

D. Instigating a walkout on a graduation guest speaker who is a known activist

46
Q

In the Due Process procedure for a major offense committed the medical student is required to submit a formal written statement to answer the charges. When should this be submitted?

A. Within 10 days of receipt of the incident report form
B. Two (2) days prior to the data-gathering meeting
C. Within seven (7) days upon receipt of the incident report
D. At any time the Committee on Discipline wishes

A

B. Two (2) days prior to the data-gathering meeting

47
Q

During an exam, Tiffany, a first-year medical student who was fidgeting in her seat because of pain due to dysmenorrhea, felt she was alluded to when the proctor announced that “anyone who cheats will be given a failing mark in the exam” while apparently looking in her direction. What should Tiffany do?

A. Proceed with exam
B. Go to the proctor and inform her that she has abdominal pain
C. Ask the proctor if she was the person being alluded to
D. Post her explanation on Twitter

A

A. Proceed with exam

48
Q

A third-year medical student became pregnant out of wedlock and would not reveal the name of the father. What item in the code of conduct did she violate?

A. Offense against dishonesty
B. Offense against persons
C. Offense against order
D. None of the above

A

D. None of the above

49
Q

Bibi was always at the receiving end of his classmates jokes about his dark color and curly hair. He had taken this in stride, had laughed with them and had not bothered with the teasing. One day, he felt that a classmate had teased him once too much and Bibi punched the classmate in the nose. What violation of the code of conduct is evident here?

A. Offense against security
B. Offense against persons
C. Offense against public morals
D. All of the above

A

B. Offense against persons

50
Q

What is meant by “Ex Parte”?

A. Done in the interest of one side only
B. Exclusion of both parties
C. Case being heard in court
D. Investigation of an incident report being short and swift

A

A. Done in the interest of one side only

51
Q

Which of the following components of professionalism speaks of medicine as a calling

A. Medicine requires systemic training and collegial discipline
B. Members regulate themselves in the practice
C. The practice is based on a highly technical knowledge
D. Service is enshrined in its Code of Ethics

A

D. Service is enshrined in its Code of Ethics

52
Q

The model of professionalism that brings out nostalgia from the community

A. Centuries Old Model
B. Behavior Model
C. Physician as a Healer Model
D. Professional Identity Formation

A

A. Centuries Old Model

53
Q

The formation of a future physician is greatly influenced by

A. hidden curriculum
B. role models
C. official curriculum
D. family values

A

B. role models

54
Q

Which of the following services rendered by physicians may at times unfortunately put them in trouble with authorities in uniform

A. Being on call for patient care 24/7
B. Bringing his services to the marginalized far-flung areas
C. Ensuring good follow-up of referrals
D. Exercising the right to choose his patients

A

B. Bringing his services to the marginalized far-flung areas

55
Q

The physician relationship with his patients is based on

A. compassion
B. honesty
C. integrity
D. trust

A

D. trust

56
Q

Improving quality and access to care and acceptance of responsibilities is a manifestation of this physician attribute

A. Accountability
B. Social justice
C. Commitment to service
D. Competence

A

C. Commitment to service

57
Q

Maintaining appropriate relations with our patients & colleagues is a reflection of

A. integrity
B. conscientiousness
C. altruism
D. respect

A

D. respect

58
Q

The basic principle of ensuring patient’s autonomy entails the virtue of

A. accountability
B. honesty
C. compassion
D. integrity

A

B. honesty

59
Q

Which of the following negative impressions of a physician is the most damaging to the profession

A. Impersonal & unfeeling attitude
B. Arrogance
C. Materialism
D. Incompetence

A

D. Incompetence

60
Q

Giving data to a senior colleague for his research work exemplifies this breach of professionalism on the part of the senior colleague

A. Breach of confidentiality
B. Bullying
C. Abuse of power
D. Misrepresentation

A

C. Abuse of power

61
Q

Physician who happens to have visual impairment but still continues to perform surgeries without the patient’s knowledge & consent constitute a transgression of professionalism in the form of

A. misrepresentation
B. incompetence
C. impairment
D. arrogance

A

C. impairment

62
Q

When a physician ceases to be a lifelong learner, he commits an infraction of professionalism referred to as

A. misrepresentation
B. lack of conscientiousness
C. apathy & complacency
D. incompetence

A

B. lack of conscientiousness

63
Q

The performance of an opportunistic surgery without evidence-based justification except for self- aggrandizement has violated the principle of

A. medicine as a calling
B. the physician fulfilling his civic duties
C. putting the welfare of his patients as primary consideration
D. physician should be morally upright & honest

A

C. putting the welfare of his patients as primary consideration

64
Q

The best attitude that physicians can extend to colleagues & other healthcare professionals

A. Respect
B. Trust
C. Openness
D. Honesty

A

A. Respect

65
Q

This is a physician responsibility to his profession

A. Proper disclosure of his relationships with colleagues & businesses that he interacts with
B. Protecting the good name of colleagues
C. Sharing his expertise with junior colleagues
D. Participating in the formulation of policies to improve health care services

A

A. Proper disclosure of his relationships with colleagues & businesses that he interacts with

66
Q

Which of the following is one of the General Principles in our PMA Code of Ethics

A. Cooperating with other health care professionals in the context of interprofessional & collaborative practice
B. Physician should disclose the truth fully to their patients to ensure autonomy
C. Physician should contribute to the access of equitable healthcare
D. Not to take advantage of health product industry or be exploited in this relationship

A

A. Cooperating with other health care professionals in the context of interprofessional & collaborative practice

67
Q

When something adverse happens to a patient in the course of treatment, this fundamental principle is one we physicians can take refuge on

A. Principle of beneficence
B. Primum non nocere
C. Principle of respect to life
D. Principle of respect to person

A

B. Primum non nocere

68
Q

Faced with an emergency situation in a municipal hospital where the ER physician has no expertise to treat the case, the right thing to do

A. Refuse admission
B. Refer immediately to a higher-level institution
C. Institute emergency measures before referral
D. Consult his textbook, notes and Google

A

C. Institute emergency measures before referral

69
Q

The proper way to promote your medical practice

A. Employ agents to solicit & recruit patients
B. Use internet postings showing your certificates of training & diplomas
C. Thru professional cards & signages posted in your clinic
D. Giving monetary gifts of appreciation for those ER physicians who refer to you walk-in admissions

A

C. Thru professional cards & signages posted in your clinic

70
Q

A well-groomed physician who is dressed appropriately at work and never uses foul language

A. A good role model to emulate
B. A show of professional decorum
C. Should be explicitly taught in educating medical students
D. A general expectation of society of their physicians

A

B. A show of professional decorum

71
Q

Studying ethics and practicing morality involves the following

A. Determining who we ought to become as persons
B. How we ought to act in relation to others
C. Both A and B
D. NOTA

A

C. Both A and B

72
Q

The following is true about virtue theories

A. Theories focusing more on the question of doing and draw attention to the consequences of actions for ourselves or others
B. Theories focusing more on the question of doing and draw attention to the action itself and the laws, principles. rules, or duties that should guide our actions
C. Theories focusing more on the question of doing and draw attention to who the person is becoming
D. Such ethical theories provide a complete picture of how to make an ethical decision

A

C. Theories focusing more on the question of doing and draw attention to who the person is becoming

73
Q

The following is true about consequentialist theories

A. Theories focusing more on the question of doing and draw attention to the consequences of actions for ourselves or others
B. Theories focusing more on the question of doing and draw attention to the action itself and the laws, principles, rules, or duties that should guide our actions
C. Theories focusing more on the question of being and draw attention to who the person is becoming
D. Such ethical theories provide a complete picture of how to make an ethical decision

A

A. Theories focusing more on the question of doing and draw attention to the consequences of actions for ourselves or others

74
Q

The following is true about deontological theories

A. Theories focusing more on the question of doing and draw attention to the consequences of actions for ourselves or others
B. Theories focusing more on the question of doing and draw attention to the action itself and the laws, principles, rules, or duties that should guide our action
C. Theories focusing more on the question of being and draw attention to who the person is becoming
D. Such ethical theories provide a complete picture of how to make an ethical decision

A

B. Theories focusing more on the question of doing and draw attention to the action itself and the laws, principles, rules, or duties that should guide our action

75
Q

Ethical decisions are made by using both the head and heart which include the following except

A. Reason and intelligence
B. Faith
C. Feelings and experiences
D. None of the above

A

D. None of the above

76
Q

The following statements with regard to virtue ethics are true except

A. Character is the key to the moral life, for it is from a virtuous character that moral conduct and values naturally arise
B. It is not interested in motivation (desire), but more on the consistency of a person’s performance (action)
C. The virtuous persons aims at moderation of temperament because there is the vice of excess (“too much”) and the vice of defect (“too little”)
D. The good of anything in nature, its excellence or virtue, consists in doing its work well

A

B. It is not interested in motivation (desire), but more on the consistency of a person’s performance (action)

77
Q

The following words or phrases point to a virtue ethics perspective except

A. personal qualities/characteristics
B. compromising/violating self
C. promoting the good of self, first and foremost
D. living a good/moral life

A

C. promoting the good of self, first and foremost

78
Q

Presumptions of the consequentialist or utilitarian ethics except

A. gives primary consideration to the intrinsic moral feature of the action performed
B. an action is right if it leads to the greatest possible balance of good consequences or to the least possible balance of bad consequences as a whole
C. concepts of duty, obligation, and right are subordinated to, and determined by, that which maximizes the good
D. to calculate what is moral, add up total happiness produced, subtract the pains involved, determine the balance

A

A. gives primary consideration to the intrinsic moral feature of the action performed

79
Q

Consequentialist words and phrases include the following except

A. outcomes, results, consequences
B. interest, goods, greater good
C. the end cannot justify the means
D. lesser evil; balance, weigh

A

C. the end cannot justify the means

80
Q

The following are true about deontological theories except

A. Determining whether an action is morally right or wrong is dependent on their good consequences or results
B. An act or rule is right insofar as it satisfies the demands of some overriding principle/s of obligation
C. Actions are morally wrong not because of their consequences, but because the action itself constitutes a moral violation
D. The ends can never justify the means

A

A. Determining whether an action is morally right or wrong is dependent on their good consequences or results

81
Q

The question of whether actions are right or wrong is reduced to obedience to a given code of laws, principles, rules, or duties derived from… except

A. An authority figure, such as God
B. Nature (natural law)
C. A ruler or government (civil law)
D. None of the above

A

D. None of the above

82
Q

The following statements about principlism are true except

A. Involves the necessity of “weighing and balancing” the various principles (beneficence, non- maleficence, respect for personal autonomy, justice) against one another in each concrete moral situation
B. After weighing and balancing” principles a principle is outweighed, it loses its moral significance; such principle becomes morally irrelevant
C. Each principle articulates a serious moral duty but is not absolute
D. In less skilled hands or careless application, this method degenerates into a ritualistic incantation of empty abstractions; thus, there is a need to grasp or deeply understand arguments and choices defining the substance of those principles

A

B. After weighing and balancing” principles a principle is outweighed, it loses its moral significance; such principle becomes morally irrelevant

83
Q

Among the four principles. which one seems to encompass all principles?

A. Non-maleficence
B. Justice
C. Beneficence
D. Respect for personal autonomy

A

C. Beneficence

84
Q

Medical paternalism involves a conflict of principles, namely

A. Beneficence vs Justice
B. Non-maleficence vs Respect for Personal Autonomy
C. Justice vs Respect for Personal Autonomy
D. Beneficence vs Respect for Personal Autonomy

A

D. Beneficence vs Respect for Personal Autonomy

85
Q

Dr. Prudente’s personal custom of charging her patients according to their ability to pay, aside from charging well-to-do patients reasonable fees, is her way of adhering to the principle of

A. Non-maleficence
B. Justice
C. Beneficence
D. Respect for personal autonomy

A

B. Justice

L3 (1ST BMEX) (18 decks)

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