Mechanics of Breathing Flashcards
Boyle’s law states that the
pressure exerted by a gas is inversely proportional to its volume
Dalton’s law states that the
total pressure of a gas mixture = the sum of the pressures of the individual gases
The volume occupied by a gas is directly related to absolute temperature according to what law?
Charles Law
The amount of gas dissolved in a liquid is determined by the pressure of the gas and its solubility in the liquid according to what law?
Henry’s Law
What pleura covers the outer surface of the lungs?
Visceral pleura
What pleura coats the inner surface of the ribs?
Parietal pleura
Pleural cavities are filled with
intrapleural fluid
An inflammation of the pleura is known as
Pleurisy
Gases move from
high pressure to low pressure
According to Boyle’s law, as the volume of gas increases, the pressure
decreases
What muscles are used during inspiration?
External intercostals
Diaphragm
Sternocleidomastoid
Scalenes
Is inspiration or expiration passive at rest?
Expiration
What muscles are used during expiration during severe respiratory load?
Internal intercostals
Abdominal muscles
When the diaphragm contracts, the thoracic cavity
Increases/moves down
What nerve innervates the diaphragm?
Phrenic
What condition results from an over-reactive constriction of bronchial smooth muscle?
Asthma
Airways are pulled open by physical forces during
inspiration
A pneumothorax is
an abnormal collection of air/gases in the pleural space
A pneumothorax causes
the uncoupling of the lung from the chest wall
What is alveolar pressure?
The pressure inside the thoracic cavity (inside lungs)
What is intrapleural pressure?
The pressure inside pleural cavities
In healthy lungs, intrapleural pressure is always
negative
The difference between alveolar pressure and intrapleural pressure is known as
transpulmonary pressure
In healthy lungs, transpulmonary pressure is always
positive
The bulk flow of air between the atmosphere and alveoli is
proportional to _ and inversely proportional to _
the difference between atmospheric and alveolar pressures
airway resistance
Transpulmonary pressure opposes forces of
elastic recoil
