Functions of Respiratory System

Question 1

What are the main functions of the respiratory system?

Answer 1

Gas exchange
Acid-base balance
Protection from infection
Communication (speech)

Question 2

Name the process of burning oxygen to produce energy and carbon dioxide

Answer 2

Cellular Respiration

Question 3

Which system acquires oxygen and removes carbon dioxide?

Answer 3

Respiratory

Question 4

Which system transports oxygen to the tissues and removes carbon dioxide from the tissues?

Answer 4

Cardiovascular

Question 5

The pulmonary artery travels

Answer 5

Away from the heart

Question 6

The pulmonary vein travels

Answer 6

Towards the heart

Question 7

Pulmonary circulation delivers what to the lungs?

Answer 7

Carbon dioxide

Question 8

Gas exchange occurs at the lungs and the

Answer 8

Systemic capillaries

Question 9

In the steady state, the net volume of oxygen exchanged in the lungs per unit time is equal to what?
This helps to ensure?

Answer 9

The net volume of oxygen exchanged in the tissues

Supply = Demand

Question 10

What are the average volumes of oxygen and carbon dioxide exchanged per minute, respectively?

Answer 10

250ml

200ml

Question 11

At rest, breathing rate should be

Answer 11

12-18 breaths per minute

Question 12

The point of gas exchange in the lungs is

Answer 12

The alveoli

Question 13

Airway diameter and resistance to airflow can be altered by

Answer 13

Activity of bronchial smooth muscle

Question 14

Contraction of the airway decreases diameter and

Answer 14

Increases resistance

Question 15

Each cluster of alveoli is surrounded by

Answer 15

Elastic fibres

Capillary network

Question 16

The function of the upper airways is purely

Answer 16

conduction of air to and from the alveoli

Question 17

The large surface area of alveoli increases

Answer 17

their volume of gas exchange

Question 18

Is the lining of the respiratory tract ciliated or not?

Answer 18

Ciliated

Question 19

In the progression from the nose to the alveoli, what changes occur in the epithelium?

Answer 19

Epithelium becomes more squamous
Mucous cells are lost
Cilia are lost

Question 20

Give the functions of mucous?

Answer 20

Moisten and humidify inhaled air
Traps particles
Provides large surface area for cilia to act on

Question 21

What type of pneumocytes make up 97% of the alveolar surface?

Answer 21

Type I

Question 22

What type of pneumocytes are responsible for surfactant production and secretion?

Answer 22

Type II

Question 23

What are the main components of surfactant?

Answer 23

Phospholipids
Protein
Carbohydrates

Question 24

Give a function of surfactant

Answer 24

Reduces surface tension at alveolar surface

Reduces work of breathing

Question 25

What type of pneumocytes are responsible for gas exchange?

Answer 25

Type I