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RV PERIOD 1 > Mechanical And Towing Systems > Flashcards

Mechanical And Towing Systems Flashcards

1
Q

⚡️Electric trailer brake operations

A

• Electrically energized magnets are attracted to the brake drum armature
• The rotating armature moves the actuating lever in the direction of drum rotation
• The cam block at the end of the lever forces the primary shoe against the brake drum.
• The primary shoe pushes against the secondary shoe, forcing it against the brake drum. ( servo breaking )
• Increasing the voltage to the magnet increases the force of the brake shoe against the drum

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2
Q

Disk brakes

A

• Brake pads mounted in the caliper are pushed against the sides of the rotor, creating friction
• Friction or drag slows the momentum of the trailer.
• Disk brakes are not as common on an RV trailer as drum brakes.

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3
Q

Drum brakes

A

• Brake linings are forced outwards against the brake drum, creating friction.
• Friction or drag slows the momentum of the trailer.
• Return Springs, pull the shoes away from the drum when braking pressure is released.

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4
Q

Brake types

A

• Drum brakes
• Disk brakes

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5
Q

Factors that govern friction.

A

• Type of material / composition of lining and drum.
• Temperature
• Amount of force applied
• Weight
• Speed
• Road conditions
• Tire conditions

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6
Q

What are frictional characteristics referred to as?

A

Coefficient of friction

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7
Q

2 types of friction are?

A

• Static friction
- Does not perform work
• Kinetic friction
- Does negative work
- Friction in motion
- Resistance to continued movement.

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8
Q

What principle causes brakes to work?

A

Friction

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9
Q

What are symptoms of improper alignment?

A

• Uneven or accelerated tire wear
• Worn components or overloading

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10
Q

What is wheel track?

A

• The ability for the trailer to follow directly in the same track as a tow vehicle.

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11
Q

Incorrect angles may be caused by_____.

A

Bent axles or loose wheel bearings

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12
Q

Recommended toe angle adjustment is _______.

A

⅛ inch positive

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13
Q

What does toe angle identify?

A

• The exact direction tires are pointed compared to the center line of the vehicle when viewed from directly above.

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14
Q

What is the recommended trailer axle camber adjustment?

A

⅜° positive

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15
Q

How is RV Axel camber adjusted?

A

• By controlled bending of the axle

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16
Q

What is camber?

A

• How far the tire slants away from vertical? When viewed directly from the front or back of the vehicle
• Negative when top tilts inward
• Positive when top leans away from center of vehicle

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17
Q

What is independent suspension?

A

• Independent suspension allows each wheel to move independently of other wheels.

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18
Q

What is non independent suspension?

A

• Wheels are attached to a solid axle.
• Bumps or movement at one side affects the opposing side

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19
Q

Slipper leaf springs

A
  • Slipper leaf springs
    • Eye is formed at one end of the main. leaf
    • The eye is attached to the front hanger.
    • The rear of the spring slides against the wear surface on the rear hanger or equalizer
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20
Q

Types of suspension

A

• Steel spring (leaf spring)
• Rubber spring (i.e., Timbren Industries Inc.)
• Rubber torsion (Independent suspension)

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21
Q

Types of rubber Spring.

A

• Rubber sheer - type springs.
• Straight line load deflection.

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22
Q

Double eye leaf spring.

A

• Eyes are formed at both ends of the main leaf
• When the spring becomes loaded, it lengthens.
• Double pivot action of the shackle allows the system to move freely
• Multiple axle installations, movement of the equalizer transfers loads evenly between the axles.

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23
Q

What’s determines spring rates?

A

• Spring widths
• Different rubber compounds.

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24
Q

What is a rubber torsion suspension system?

A

• Spindle is welded to a lever arm (torsion arm), which is attached to the torsion bar.
• Torsion bar is surrounded by rubber chords encased inside the main axel beam
• As the load is applied, the torsion bar rotates against the rubber chords
• Other than periodic inspection, no other suspension maintenance is required.

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25
Q

What is axle flip?

A

• Refers to moving the trailer axle from above to below the leaf springs
• Can increase height by about 4 to 6 inches.
• May cause decreased stability because of the higher center of gravity

26
Q

When replacing an axle, you should look for______________.

A

• Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR)
• Track width
• Spring center measurement.
• Saddle position (over or under the axle)
• Straight or drop, Axel.

27
Q

Steps for replacing pins and bushings.

A

• Support the axles
• Remove spring, equalizer bolts, and bushings
• Inspect spring eyes, shackle plates, and equalizer for wear
• Install new bushings and bolts.
• Single axle: 3 bushings per side
• Tandem axel: 7 bushings per side
• Torque nuts to applicable specs

28
Q

How many bushings per side are on a single axle?

A

Three bushings per side

29
Q

How many bushings per side are on a tandem axle?

A

Seven bushings per side

30
Q

What can a loose U bolt cause?

A

It can cause a broken center bolt.

31
Q

Broken rebound clips may cause_______.

A

Main leaf breakage

32
Q

Improper tracking is referred to as________.

A

Dog tracking

33
Q

Track can be effected by__________.

A

• Worn suspension components
• Axel adjustment
• Bent frames

34
Q

Torque requirements

A

• Start all bolts or nuts by hand.
• Tighten in stages following a cross or star pattern.
• Retorque after 50 miles and again at 100 miles.

35
Q

Types of tire wear

A

• Tow in wear
• Tow out wear
• Heel and toe wear

36
Q

Wheel selection

A

• Bolt circle
• Capacity ( LR )
• Off set
• Center bore (important for center cap)
• Stud diameter and lug design.
• Tire size ( width in mm - Side wall hieght in mm - R Diameter of interior of wheel )

37
Q

How to identify tires size

A

• Cross section in millimeters.
• Aspect ratio in percentage.
• Radial or bias-ply
• Load rating

38
Q

Tire sizing

A

Example: 225 / 75R16D
• Cross section in millimeter ( 225 )
• Sidewall height in millimeter (75)
• Wheel diameter (R16)
• Load rating (D)

39
Q

Types of wheel offset

A

• Positive offset
• Zero offset
• Negative offset

40
Q

What can unbalanced wheels and tires cause?

A

Tire and suspension wear.

41
Q

Types of wheel balancing

A
  • Dynamic unbalanced
    • Wieght of the wheel and tire is uneven towards the edges of the wheel. (causes wheels to wobble)
  • Dynamic balancing
    • Equal distribution of weight on each side of the tire center line.
  • Static unbalancing
    • Heavy spot exist on one area of the tire and wheel assembly.
    • Centrifugal force pulls the tire off-center as it rotates.
    • Produces radial vibration (wheel tramp)
  • Static balancing
    • Equal distribution of weight around the center of the wheel
42
Q

What is the purpose of shock absorbers?

A

To control, bounce, and maintain tire to road contact

43
Q

Warn suspension components may cause___________.

A

• Tire wear
• Poor handling
• Noise

44
Q

GVWR

A

Gross vehicle weight rating
• Maximum weight a vehicle is designed to carry, including net weight, vehicle with accessories, passengers, fuel and cargo.

45
Q

GAWR

A

Gross Axel weight rating.
• Specified by vehicle manufacturer as the load carrying capacity of a single axle system, measured at the tire - ground interface.
• Maximum weight an axle is designed to carry

46
Q

6-Way Connection wires

A

• Green - right turn/brake light
• Yellow - left turn/brake light
• Black - 12 VDC charge line.
• White - ground.
• Brown - tail /running lights
• Blue - electric break control.

47
Q

4-Way Connection Wires

A

•Yellow - left turn and stopped lamp.
•Green - right turn and stop lamp.
•Brown - running lamps.
• White - ground wire.

48
Q

7-Way Connection Wires

A

• Red - left turn and stop lamp.
• Brown - right turn and stop lamp.
• Green - running lamps and taillights.
• Blue - electric breaks.
• Black - 12 VDC charge line.
• White - groundwire.
• Yellow - backup lights/ Auxiliary use.

49
Q

Class 4 hitches

A

No color but labeled with proof of load rating.

50
Q

Net weight (Curb Weight)

A

Is the full weight of the vehicle, including a full tank of fuel and all standard operational equipment

51
Q

GVW

A

-Gross vehicle weight
• Actual weight of fully loaded vehicle GVW is derived by adding the weight on all the axles of the loaded vehicle.

52
Q

GCWR

A

Gross combination weight rating
• Maximum weight of the tow vehicle and trailer combined.

53
Q

Class 1 hitches.

A

Silver

54
Q

Class 2 hitches

A

Brass

55
Q

Class 3 hitches

A

Black

56
Q

CMVSS 108

A

• Document that specifies requirements for lights, reflective devices, and associated equipment on vehicles in Canada.
• CMVSS 108 Vehicles must have adequate illumination and signals. In order to reduce accidents. Applies to travel trailers, folding trailers and fifth wheels.

57
Q

Folding camping trailer

A

An RV that is built on its own chassis, has a rigid or canvas top and side walls that can be folded or otherwise stowed for transit and is designed to be towed behind a motor vehicle

58
Q

Fifth-wheel trailer

A

An RV designed to be coupled to a towing vehicle by a fifth-wheel type coupler ( King pin box ), through which a substantial part of the trailer weight is supported by the towing vehicle.

59
Q

Truck camper

A

RV designed to be loaded onto ( and unloaded from ) the bed of a pickup truck.

60
Q

Travel trailer

A

RV designed to be towed behind a motor vehicle by means of a bumper or frame hitch

RV PERIOD 1 (10 decks)

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