Measuring Health and Disease

Question 1

Population at risk

Answer 1

people who are potentially susceptible to the disease

Question 2

incidence

Answer 2

rate of occurrence of new cases

number of new cases during a specified period of time

Question 3

prevalence

Answer 3

the frequency of existing cases

numebr of existing cases at a given point in time

Question 4

rate =

Answer 4

the number of cases by corresponding number of people in a population at risk is expressed as cases per 10^n people

Question 5

prevalence =

Answer 5

of people with the disease or condition at a specified time / # of people in the population at risk at the specific time

x 10 ^n

incidence x average duration of disease

Question 6

point prevalence rate

Answer 6

cases at one point in time / population at that time

Question 7

period prevalence rate

Answer 7

of cases over a specified period / average or mid-interval population at risk

Question 8

lifetime prevalence =

Answer 8

total # of persons known to have the disease for at least some part of their lives.

Question 9

if ppl die, prevalence

Answer 9

decreased

Question 10

the duration of illness disease

Answer 10

disease lasts a short time, prevalence is lower

Question 11

incidence

Answer 11

refers to the rate at which new events occur in a population. It takes into account the variable time periods during which individuals are disease free and at risk of developing disease

Question 12

incidence =

Answer 12

of new events in a specified period / population at risk duing this period

x 10 ^n

Question 13

cumulative incidence

Answer 13

a simpler measure of disease occurrence it only measure the denomiantor at the beginning of the study

population at risk during this period

Question 14

Case fatality

Answer 14

a measure of disease severity and is defined as the proportion of cases with a specified disease or condition who die within a specified time. usually expressed as a percentage

Question 15

case fatality =

Answer 15

number of deaths from diagnosed cases in a given period / 3 of diagnosed cases in the same period

Question 16

Death rate of crude mortality rate =

Answer 16

of deaths during a specified period / # of persons at risk of dying during the same period

Question 17

proportionate mortality

Answer 17

the number of deaths froma given cause per 100/1000 total deaths in the same period

Question 18

infant mortality rate

Answer 18

measure the rate of death in children during the first year of life

Question 19

infant mortality rate =

Answer 19

of deaths in a year of children <1 year old / # of live births in the same year x 1000

Question 20

child mortality rate

Answer 20

the probability of a child dying before turning 5 years old

Question 21

Maternal mortality rate

Answer 21

the risk of motehrs dying from causes associated with delivering babies, complication of pregnancy or childbirth

Question 22

maternal mortality rate =

Answer 22

number of maternal deaths in a given geographic area in a given year/number of live births among population in a given geographic area during same year

x10^n

Question 23

Adult mortality rate

Answer 23

the probability of dying between the ages of 15 and 60 years per 1000 population

Question 24

LIfe expectancy

Answer 24

the average number of years an individual of a given age is a expected to live is current mortality rates continue

Question 25

Impariment

Answer 25

any loss or abnormality of psychological, physiological or anatomical structure or function

Question 26

disability

Answer 26

any restriction or lack of ability to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for a human beingH