Measures of Disease Occurence Flashcards
Value obtained by dividing one quantity by another
Ratio
A fraction in which a numerator is not part of the denominator
Ratio
Ratio in which numerator is part of the denominator
Proportion
Expressed in percentage
Proportion
Denominator involves measure of time
Rate
MEasure risks associated with exposure and provide information about the speed of development of the disesase
Rate
SImplest most frequently performed quantitative measure in epidemiology
Counts
Number of cases of a disease
Counts
Number of new case of disease that develop
Incidence
Risk associated with certain exposure during specific period
Incidence measure
MEasures of incidence
1 - cumulative (all members are follow up)
2- incidence (if cumulatiive cannot be computed due to non uniformity of follow up)
Total number of existing cases of disease in a population at one point in time
Existing case
Proportion of a popoulation with a certain disease at a given point int time
Prevalence
PRobability that a randomly chosen individuals has the disease
Prevalence
of existing cases/ total population
Cases, disease health conditions or deaths that exist at a particular point in time relative to a specific population from which cases are derived
Point prevalence
Refers to all cases of disease within period of time
Period PRevalence
Denostes cases diagnosed at any time during a persons lifetime
Lifetime prevalence
Type of rate that has not been modified to take account any factors that may affect the observed rate
Crude rate
Summary rates based on actual events in population over a given period of time
Crude rate
Number of deaths due to a disaea that ccur among person who are afflicted with the disease
Case fatality rate
Provides a measure of lethality of a disaes
Case fatality rate
Used as health index of the health status od a nation
Infantile Mortality rate
Denomnator should be pregnancy numbers
Maternal Mortality rate
USeful in setting priotities for funding health programs
Cause-Specific Rate
Number of deaths within a populationdue to a specific disease or cause
Proportional mortality ratio
