Measles

Question 1

What is the other name of the Measles

Answer 1

Morbili

Question 2

what is the etiological agent of Measles

Answer 2

Paramyxovirus

Question 3

Describe the etiological agent of measles

Answer 3

Enveloped coiled helical, linear single-stranded RNA virus. Encodes for 6 proteins.

Question 4

What does the myxo portion of the name Paramyxovirus mean

Answer 4

Mucus

Question 5

what is the clinical disease caused by measles virus

Answer 5

Rubeola

Question 6

How is the measles virus transmitted

Answer 6

respiratory route via respiratory droplets.

Question 7

where does the initial site of infection takes place

Answer 7

within the epithelial cells of respiratory tract

Question 8

How long is the incubation period for the measles

Answer 8

9-11 days

Question 9

how does the virus spread through the body

Answer 9

It travels from respiratory tract to the lymph nodes. Then enters the blood causing a viremia by infecting the monocytes that will become macrophages. Virus spreads through the blood to liver, spleen, and skin. Infects endothelial cells of small blood vessels of skin.

Question 10

____ are tiny bluish-white spots on a red base that appear within the mouth

Answer 10

Koplik’s spots

Question 11

When will you begin to see koplik’s spots

Answer 11

within 2-4 days after infection

Question 12

where does the rash appear first on patient

Answer 12

forehead and behind ears

Question 13

within ____ rash spreads to face, neck, trunk, and limbs and persists for ___

Answer 13

24-48 hours; next 10 days

Question 14

what is SSPE

Answer 14

Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis

Question 15

SSPE is usually present clinically ___ after primary measles virus infection

Answer 15

6-10 years

Question 16

SSPE occurs in immunologically normal persons who have had measles at <2 years old __ or prior to 4 years of age __.

Answer 16

50%; 80%

Question 17

Explain Modified Replication of Measles virus

Answer 17

Neurons and oligodendrocytes contain inclusion bodies, measles virus protein, and RNA but no budding occurs. The inclusion bodies naked nucleocapsids that fail to mature. Low expression of M protein (Envelope) and Mrna show mutations for that gene. Alterations to M protein interferes with assembly and budding of virus, contributing to SSPE.

Question 18

age of onset of neurologic disease is usually ___

Answer 18

8-10 years of age

Question 19

What is the clinical course of SSPE

Answer 19

Stage one is an onset of behavioral problems. 2nd stage begins weeks to montls later with decline in intellect, disturbance of motor functions and seizers. 3rd stage, the child lapses into stupor state with autonomic dysfunction. 4th Stage, loss of cortical function, mutsim, coma, and death

Question 20

how often does SSPE occur in measles patients

Answer 20

1: million

Question 21

What disease is recognized by widespread occurrence in the nervous system of patches of demyelination

Answer 21

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 22

Multiple sclerosis is more prominent in the ___ versus the ___

Answer 22

North; South

Question 23

Is there a vaccine for the Measles

Answer 23

MMR, a mixture of 3 live attenuated viruses to fight measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR). Two shots need, one at 12-15 months and another before starting school.

Question 24

Was MMR the first vaccine

Answer 24

No there were two other ones, a live and killed attenuated in 1963 but they both had side effects and complications