Measles Flashcards
What is the other name of the Measles
Morbili
what is the etiological agent of Measles
Paramyxovirus
Describe the etiological agent of measles
Enveloped coiled helical, linear single-stranded RNA virus. Encodes for 6 proteins.
What does the myxo portion of the name Paramyxovirus mean
Mucus
what is the clinical disease caused by measles virus
Rubeola
How is the measles virus transmitted
respiratory route via respiratory droplets.
where does the initial site of infection takes place
within the epithelial cells of respiratory tract
How long is the incubation period for the measles
9-11 days
how does the virus spread through the body
It travels from respiratory tract to the lymph nodes. Then enters the blood causing a viremia by infecting the monocytes that will become macrophages. Virus spreads through the blood to liver, spleen, and skin. Infects endothelial cells of small blood vessels of skin.
____ are tiny bluish-white spots on a red base that appear within the mouth
Koplik’s spots
When will you begin to see koplik’s spots
within 2-4 days after infection
where does the rash appear first on patient
forehead and behind ears
within ____ rash spreads to face, neck, trunk, and limbs and persists for ___
24-48 hours; next 10 days
what is SSPE
Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis
SSPE is usually present clinically ___ after primary measles virus infection
6-10 years
SSPE occurs in immunologically normal persons who have had measles at <2 years old __ or prior to 4 years of age __.
50%; 80%
Explain Modified Replication of Measles virus
Neurons and oligodendrocytes contain inclusion bodies, measles virus protein, and RNA but no budding occurs. The inclusion bodies naked nucleocapsids that fail to mature. Low expression of M protein (Envelope) and Mrna show mutations for that gene. Alterations to M protein interferes with assembly and budding of virus, contributing to SSPE.
age of onset of neurologic disease is usually ___
8-10 years of age
What is the clinical course of SSPE
Stage one is an onset of behavioral problems. 2nd stage begins weeks to montls later with decline in intellect, disturbance of motor functions and seizers. 3rd stage, the child lapses into stupor state with autonomic dysfunction. 4th Stage, loss of cortical function, mutsim, coma, and death
how often does SSPE occur in measles patients
1: million
What disease is recognized by widespread occurrence in the nervous system of patches of demyelination
Multiple Sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis is more prominent in the ___ versus the ___
North; South
Is there a vaccine for the Measles
MMR, a mixture of 3 live attenuated viruses to fight measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR). Two shots need, one at 12-15 months and another before starting school.
Was MMR the first vaccine
No there were two other ones, a live and killed attenuated in 1963 but they both had side effects and complications
