MD3001 Week 9 Flashcards
atelectasis
term for collapse of the lung
signs of pulmonary oedema on x-ray
A - alveolar oedema (bats wings) B - Kerley B lines C - cardiomegaly D - upper lobe diversion E - pleural effusion
pKa for carbonic acid/bicarbonate
pKa for this is 6.1
normal plasma HCO3 concentration
concentration in normal blood pH is 24.5mmol
mechanisms of resistance to b-lactams (3)
- destruction by b-lactamase
- failure to reach target enzyme
- failure to bind to transpeptidase
2 b-lactamase inhibitors
- clavulanic acid
2. salbactam
a cyclic peptide antibiotic
bacitracin
what does trimethoprim prevent being made?
this drug prevents formation of tetrahydrofolic acid
which antibiotic causes bad diarrhea
clindamycin can have this side effect
which ribosome inhibitor causes incorrect mRNA reading?
streptomycin (aminoglycoside)
side effects of streptomycin (3)
- renal toxicity
- ototoxicity
- neuromuscular block
which ribosome inhibitor causes the most side effects?
tetracyclines have this characteristic
subunits of topoisomerase (2)
- ParC
2. ParE
3 fluoroquinolone
- ciprofloxacin
- nalidixic acid
- norfloxacin
an antiprotozoal agent
metronidazole
what difficulties could a patient experience with hospitalization? (
- entering the role of patient
- loss of control
- depersonalization
- institutionalization
stages of separation (3)
- protest
- despair
- detachment
attenuated vaccine
vaccine with a live organism with reduced ability to replicate and cause disease
what vaccines are given at 2/3/4 months old? (2)
- DTaP/IPV/Hib
2. MecC
what do vaccines want to target on dendritic cells
vaccines want to target pattern recognition receptors (members of toll-like receptors) on these cells
common microbiota of the RT (4)
- bactericides
- candida
- oral strep
- haemophilia influenzae
most common virus causing common cold
rhinovirus is the most common cause of this RTI
kissing disease
colloquial term for epstein barr virus
most common cause of tonsillitis
most common cause of this RTI is strep pyogenes
what type of bacteria is streptococcus pyogenes and what disease can it cause?
this gram positive coccus can cause scarlet fever
what is known as the mumps virus?
parotitis is known by this colloquial name