Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MD3001 > MD3001 Orientation Week + Week 1 > Flashcards

MD3001 Orientation Week + Week 1 Flashcards

1
Q

percent of blood passing through pulmonary circulation

A

9% of blood passes through this

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

percent of blood passing through systemic circulation

A

84% of blood passes through this

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

percent of blood passing through heart

A

7% of blood passes through this

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

percent of blood supplying brain

A

13% of blood is supplying this structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

percent of blood supplying heart

A

4% of blood is supplying this structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what lie anterior to transfer pericardial sinus (2)?

A
  1. aorta

2. pulmonary trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

4 borders of the heart

A
  1. L 2nd CC
  2. L 5th interspace space, midclavicular
  3. R 3rd CC
  4. R 6th CC
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

where may structures w/ sensory supply via phrenic refer pain to?

A

pain from structures w/ sensory supply from this nerve may refer pain to shoulder tip (C4 dermatome)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

active competence

A

AV valves use papillary muscles/chordae tendinae to close

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

3 structural components of R ventricle

A
  1. trabecular carneae
  2. 3 papillary muscles (ant, post, septal) w/ chordae tendinae
  3. septomarginal trabecula
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

length of pre vertebral fascia

A

this extends from base of skull to T3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

borders of retropharyngeal space

A

between buccopharyngeal and prevertebral fascia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

extent of pre tracheal fascia

A

extends from hyoid to fuse with pericardium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

2 branches of the external carotid artery

A
  1. superficial temporal

2. facial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

sympathetic stimulation on pacemaker activity

A

NA acts on b1 receptors to increase cAMP production, increasing rate of SAN depo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

parasympathetic stimulation on pacemaker activity

A

Ach acts on M2 receptors which decreases CAMP production and reduces rate of phase 1 depo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

rate of depo in SA

A

rate of depo of this is 90/m

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

conduction speed in internodal pathways

A

conduction speed through here is 1m/s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

conduction speed in AV node and bundle of His

A

conduction speed through here is 0.01m/s

20
Q

conduction speed in Purkinje fibres

A

conduction speed through here is 1.5-4m/s

21
Q

how does Ca2+ stay in high [ ] in cardiac T-tubules?

A

mucopolysaccharides sequester Ca2+ here

22
Q

how does ANS increase contractility (inotropy)?

A

NA on b1 increase cAMP which enhances Ca2+ influx and promotes storage and release of Ca2+ SER

23
Q

absolute refractory period and period of contraction of skeletal muscle

A

ARP: 1-2m/s

period of contraction: 20-100ms

24
Q

branches of R coronary artery (3)

A
  1. nodal
  2. marginal
  3. posterior interventricular
25
Q

branches of L coronary artery

A
  1. circumflex -> marginal

2. LAD

26
Q

circumflex infarct

A

obstruction of circumflex artery

27
Q

site of coronary artery occlusion by atherosclerosis in order of frequency

A
  1. LAD
  2. R coronary artery
  3. circumflex
  4. L coronary artery
28
Q

Reynold’s number

A

velocity x radius/viscosity

29
Q

LaPlace’s law

A

T = PR

30
Q

2 protease inhibitors against HCV

A
  1. telaprevir

2. boceprevir

31
Q

2 entry inhibitors

A
  1. T20 fusion inhibitor (Enfuvirtide): binds to gp41

2. CCR5 antagonist (Maraviroc): binds to CCR5, prevents interaction w/ gp120

32
Q

2 types of antiviral drugs used against influenza

A
  1. viral uncoating inhibitor (amantadine/rimantadine): block M2 ion channel
  2. virus release inhibitor (oseltamivir, zanamivir): neuraminidase inhibitor
33
Q

drugs to treat hep C (4)

A
  1. ribavirin
  2. peg-int-a
  3. simeprevir, ledipasvir, sofosbuvir
  4. protease inhibit (telaprevir, boceprevir)
34
Q

syncytiotrophoblasts

A

cells covering endothelium of foetal capillaries

35
Q

path of blood from SVC in foetal circulation

A

90% pass via ductus arteriosus into aorta. 10% passes to pulmonary circulation where it gives O2 to developing lungs

36
Q

closure of foramen ovale

A

first breath pulls blood into pulmonary circulation, which is returned to LA, increasing pressure in LA to equal RA

37
Q

obliteration of ductus arteriosus

A 
initial phase (1st hour): smooth muscle contraction (increased O2 tension and decreased prostaglandins)
later phase: thickening of tunica intima b/w 1-3months
38
Q

paradoxical emboli

A

embolism from DVT clotting patent foramen ovale

39
Q

where does venous end of heart tube receive blood from? (3)

A
  1. cardinal
  2. vitelline
  3. umbilical
40
Q

what are endocardial cushions derived from?

A

this structure in developing heart is derived from neural crest cells

41
Q

what do endocardial cushions form? (4)

A
  1. interatrial septum
  2. membranous part of inter ventricular septum
  3. AV valves
  4. PT and aorta
42
Q

outline blood flow through foramen oval

A

RA -> foramen ovale in septum secundum -> foramen secundum in septum primum -> LA

43
Q

4 elements of inter ventricular septum formation

A

1+2. endocardial cushions form L and R conotruncal ridges

  1. extension of inf. AV cushion contribute to membranous portion
  2. ventricular growth forms muscular portion of IVS
44
Q

ventricle septal defect caused by no truncal ridges

A

persistent truncus arteriosus

45
Q

ventricle septal defect caused by no truncal ridge spiral

A

transposition of the vessels

46
Q

4 aspects of Fallot’s tetralogy

A
  1. VSD
  2. enlarged R ventricle
  3. overriding aorta
  4. pulmonary stenosis
47
Q

characteristic of metarterioles

A

these vessels comprise of discontinuous smooth muscle

MD3001 (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions