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Principles of Immunology > MCQ > Flashcards

MCQ Flashcards

1
Q

observation that exposure to cowpox protected milkmaids from smallpox marked the beginning of

A

vaccination

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2
Q

‘immunital’ derived from

A

latin - ‘protection’

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3
Q

patient with recurrent infections - what should doctor suspect

A

immune disorder

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4
Q

we need at least two general mechanisms to fight infection: one extracellular, one intracellular

A

true

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5
Q

what is an ‘atopic’ subject

A

can over work sometimes

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6
Q

what was Jenner first to demonstrate systemically

A

that interspecies (cross) reaction could be used for protection

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7
Q

do other living organisms have an immune system

A

all have immune system

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8
Q

DNA restriction enzymes found in bacteria for

A

essential part of their immune system

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9
Q

primary purpose of immune reactions

A

defend against pathogen

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10
Q

can salt or water be haptens

A

never

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11
Q

what is a hapten

A

relatively small molecule that elicit immune response when attached to larger carrier e.g. protein

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12
Q

Gowan’s and co-workers using thoracic duct drainage where animal lymph diverted, observed test animals unable to respond to antigen challenges and failed to recognise grafts. what was function restored by

A

WBC replenishment

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13
Q

what is the primary site that supports differentiation of the I. D. stem cells

A

bone marrow - adults

liver - foetus

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14
Q

where is your thymus

A

near neck coronary arteries

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15
Q

peyers patch function

A

sampling and surveillance of Ag at intestine

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16
Q

what is considered ‘cemetery of RBC’

A

spleen

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17
Q

what is the thrombus mainly composed of

A

fibrin and platlets

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18
Q

where are albumin, fibrinolytic proteins and complement mainly synthesised in

A

liver

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19
Q

during break down of thrombus, which enzyme mainly causes fibrin degradation

A

plasmin

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20
Q

which AB isotype classes mainly involved in classical pathway of complement activation

A

IgG1, IgG3, IgM

21
Q

which list of functions best describe sequence of events in inflammation

A

white reaction, red reaction, flare, wheal

22
Q

diabetes type 1 in which insulin producing beta cells are destroyed by immune system is classical example of

A

autoimmune disease

23
Q

difference between adaptive and innate immunity

A

innate response not amplified

i.e. reaction is same with repeated infections

24
Q

opsonisation, anaphylatoxins and membrane cell lysis are main biological functions of

A

complement system

25
Q

what neutralises free virus in body

A

antibody

26
Q

which vaccine is safest to use

A

inactivated

27
Q

indirect mechanism of tissue damage in kidneys by hep. malaria and most acute infections is forming

A

immune complexes

28
Q

on skin, large number bacteria - why can’t pathogenic ones colonise tissue

A

low pH, antibacterial, microflora present

29
Q

what are: langerhans cells, veiled cells, Kupfer cells

A

DC

30
Q

where are neutrophils made

A

in bone marrow

31
Q

what are neutrophils like

A

weaker phagocytes

32
Q

consequences of PAMPs being recognised by TLRs immune system

A

phosphorylation cascade and cytokine gene activation

33
Q

where do T and B lymphocytes develop

A

primary lymphoid organs independently of antigens

34
Q

what does interferin do

A

warn neighbouring cells of potential virus attack

35
Q

are exo/endo toxins primary strategies used by pathogens to damage tissue

A

yes

36
Q

Rh-ve woman and Rh+ve male

A

baby may be at risk of haemolytic jaudice if it is couple second pregnancy

37
Q

during development in testes what are sperm normally exposed to

A

IgG

38
Q

blood vessels endothelium express selectin E and P, what are they involved in

A

rolling adhesion leucocytes

39
Q

in clonal selection hypothesis where do lymphoid clones mature

A

generative lymphoid tissues

40
Q

when do lymphoid clones mature

A

antigen absence

41
Q

what is TCR mainly made of

A

alpha and beta heterodimer chains
CD3
zeta chain

42
Q

in conventional monoclonal AB therapy, reaction in problems associated with immunogenicity is seen in what order (most severe to least)

A

murine
chimera
humanised
human

43
Q

what are anti idiotype AB

A

monoclonal AB that bind to another AB

44
Q

example of passive AB therapy

A

intravenous fusion of antitoxin

45
Q

virus neutralising AB induced by influenza vaccines detected against

A

virus HA

46
Q

why are camels/llamas AB used in many immune techniques

A

only posses heavy chain

47
Q

what is the main gut AB

A

IgA

48
Q

what is the main blood AB

A

IgG

Principles of Immunology (13 decks)

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