Mccrae And Costa And Cattell Flashcards
Cattell and McCrae&Costa used an ____approach in gathering data
inductive method
3 media of observation of cattell
L data
Q data
T data
derived from observations by other people, life record, self-report
L data
obtained from questionnaires and other techniques designed to allow people to nake subjective descriptions of themselves ; objective tests
Q data
measures performance such as intelligence, speed of responding, ans other such activities designed to challenge people’s maximum performance
T data
Cattell divide traits into
Common traits
Unique traits
Cattell’a classification pf traits
Temperament - concerned on HOW a person behaves
Motivation- deals with WHY one behaves
Ability- HOW FAR or HOW FAST one can perform
begins by making specific obervations of many individuals
Factor analysis
Factor analysis may be either
unipolar - zero to large amount such as heigh weight
Bipolar- extend from one pole to an opposite pole with zero as midpoint extraversion vs intro
advocates of five factor use
Orthogonal rotation
Cattell advocated the ___ method
Oblique method
strongest and most ubiquitous personality traits
Neuroticism
Extraversion
Central components of five factor theory
Basic tendency
Characteristic adaptation
Self concept
the universal raw material of personality capacities and dispositions that are generally inferred rather than observed .
May be inherited or imprinted by early experience or modified by disease or psychological intervention
Individuals potential and direction
Include cognitive abilities, artistic talent, sexual orientation, psychological processes
Basis in biology and STABILITY overtime and situation
Basic tendencies
acquired personality structures that develop as people adapt to their environment
Can be influenced by external influences such as acquired skill, habits, attitudes, and relationships that result from the interaction of individuals with their environment
Characteristic adaptation
Difference between basic tendency and characteristic adaptation
Flexibility and stability
Consists of knowledge, views, and evaluation of the self, ranging from miscellaneous facts of personal history to the identity that gives sense of purpose and coherence of life
a characteristic adaptation in that they influence how one behaves in a given circumstance
Self concept
3 peripheral components
Biological bases
Objective biography
External influences
The fove factor theory rests on a single causal influence on personality namely
Biology
The principal biological mechanisms that influence basic tendencies are
Genes
Hormones
Brain structure
Everything the person does, thinks, or feels across the whole life span
Emphasizes what has happened in people’s lives rather than their view or perceptions of their experiences
Objective biography
Mc crae and costa focuses on.
Objective experiences - the events one has had over one’s lifetime
How we respond to the oppurtunities and demand of the context
These response is the function of:
Characteristic adaptations
Interactions with external influences
External influences
4 postulates of nasic tendencies
Individuality
Origin
Development
Structure
Stipulates that adults have unique set of traits and that each person exhibits a unique combination of trait patterns
The amount of OCEAN is unique to all of us and the uniquess is is variability pf GENOTYPE
individuality postulate
all personality traits are result of solely endogenous forces such as genetics, hormones, and brain structures
Origin postulate
assumes that traits develop and change through childhood, but in adolescence their development shows and by early to mid adulthood change nearly stops
Development postulate
Traits beneficial to the young ones which are establishing relationship and career
HIGH NEO
traits that are helpful as people age
AC
Traits are organized hierarchically from narrow and specific to broad and general
Structure postulate
Postulates for characteristic adaptation
- Traits affect the way we adapt to the changes in our environment
- Maladjustment
- Basic traits may change overtime as response to biological maturation, changes in the environment or deliberate intervention
